每日長(zhǎng)難句 18

原句：

If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.

【2003 Text 3】

單詞：

?charge v. 收費(fèi)；控告，指控；賦予……責(zé)任；充電

?rate n.?費(fèi)用，價(jià)格；費(fèi)率；速度，速率；比率

?have the option of... 有……的選擇權(quán)

?option n. 選擇，選擇權(quán)

?switch v. 調(diào)換

?transportation n. 運(yùn)輸工具；運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送

?remaining adj. 剩下的，遺留的

?shoulder v. 承擔(dān)，肩負(fù)，扛起 n. 肩部，肩膀

分析長(zhǎng)難句：

找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：

If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.

斷開(kāi)長(zhǎng)難句：

If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, / they argue, shippers / who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation / would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.

①條件狀語(yǔ)從句：If railroads charged all customers the same average rate

②主句：... they argue, shippers ... would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line

• 簡(jiǎn)化：... they argue, shippers ... would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line

③定語(yǔ)從句：who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation

??分裂結(jié)構(gòu)：they argue

譯文：

他們認(rèn)為，如果鐵路公司收取所有客戶(hù)相同的平均費(fèi)率，那么可以選擇改用公路運(yùn)輸或其他運(yùn)輸方式的托運(yùn)商就會(huì)這樣做，使剩下的客戶(hù)（托運(yùn)商）承擔(dān)維持鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)的成本。