「釋義」

當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退后，經(jīng)濟(jì)的不同部分以不同的速度、時間或幅度復(fù)蘇時，就會出現(xiàn)K型復(fù)蘇。這與各領(lǐng)域、各行業(yè)、各群體均勻、一致的復(fù)蘇形成鮮明對比。

K型復(fù)蘇會導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)或更廣泛的社會結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生變化，因為經(jīng)濟(jì)成果和關(guān)系在衰退前后發(fā)生了根本性的變化。

「應(yīng)用場景」

過去幾十年里，工作一直在不斷變化。勞動力市場已日益兩極分化，相對于入門級、低技能工作以及要求更高技能水平的高級工作而言，中等技能工作受到了侵蝕。新冠疫情可能加速了這一進(jìn)程。自1990年以來，美國的每一次衰退之后都是失業(yè)型復(fù)蘇。這一次，隨著人工智能、算法和自動化對勞動力隊伍的重塑，我們的結(jié)局可能更糟糕：K型復(fù)蘇——那些處于頂端的人前景升騰，而其他每一個人則眼睜睜看著他們的財富暴跌。

Work has been changing over the last few decades. The labor market has grown increasingly polarized, with middle-skill jobs being eroded relative to entry-level, low-skill work, and high-level employment that requires greater skill levels. The Covid-19 crisis has likely accelerated the process. Since 1990, every U.S. recession has been followed by a jobless recovery. This time, as AI, algorithms, and automation reshape the workforce, we may end up with something worse: a K-shaped recovery — where the prospects of those at the top soar, and everyone else sees their fortunes dive.

這種新的數(shù)字鴻溝是有機(jī)會獲得高等教育、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力指導(dǎo)和工作經(jīng)驗的員工與那些沒有機(jī)會的人之間不斷拉大的差距。在我最近的新書《算法領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者》中，我探討了一個特別可怕的場景：在為算法工作的大眾、擁有設(shè)計和訓(xùn)練算法系統(tǒng)的技能和能力的專業(yè)特權(quán)階層，以及擁有管理世界的算法平臺的少數(shù)超級富有貴族之間，存在著階級鴻溝。

The new digital divide is a widening gap between workers with access to higher education, Leadership mentoring, and job experience — and those without. In my recent book, The Algorithmic Leader, I explore one particularly dire scenario: a class-based divide between the masses who work for algorithms, a privileged professional class who have the skills and capabilities to design and train algorithmic systems, and a small, ultra-wealthy aristocracy, who own the algorithmic platforms that run the world.

以上文字選自《哈佛商業(yè)評論》中文版2020年12月刊《算法正加劇經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等》

邁克·沃爾什(Mike Walsh)丨文

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