GB/T 27698.1-2023 英文版/外文版 熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法第1部分：通用要求 GB/T 27698.1-2023 英文版/外文版Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements – Part 1: General requirements GB 27698.1-2023 英文版/外文版 GBT 27698.1-2023 英文版/外文版 代替GB/T 27698.1-2011，GB/T 27698.8-2011 ? 前言 本文件按照GB/T 1.1-2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)定起草。 本文件是GB/T 276988《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法》的第1部分。GB/T 27698已經(jīng)發(fā)布了以下部分: ——第1部分：通用要求； ——第2部分：熱交換器； ——第3部分：傳熱元件； ——第4部分：空冷器噪聲測定。 本文件代替GB/T 27698.1-2011《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法第1部分：通用要求》和GB/T 27698.8-2011《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法第8部分：熱交換器工業(yè)標(biāo)定》。本文件以GB/T 27698.1-2011為主，整合了GB/T 27698.8-2011的內(nèi)容。與GB/T 27698.1-2011相比，除結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和編輯性改動外，主要技術(shù)變化如下： a)?增加了“熱交換器”“傳熱元件”“性能”和“工業(yè)標(biāo)定”的術(shù)語和定義（見第3章）； b)?增加了池沸騰傳熱性能測試系統(tǒng)（見5.1.4）； c)?更改了測量儀表準(zhǔn)確度要求（見5.2.1，GB/T 27698.1-2011的4.2.1和4.2.2）； d)?增加了池沸騰傳熱性能測試測量參數(shù)與原始數(shù)據(jù)的規(guī)定（見5.4.4）； e)?更改性能測試數(shù)據(jù)計算的規(guī)定（見6.1，GB/T 27698.1-2011的第7章）； f)?增加了池沸騰傳熱性能測試數(shù)據(jù)處理的規(guī)定（見6.1.4）； g)?更改了汽-液冷凝性能測試性能的定的規(guī)定（見6.2.2,GB/T 27698.1-2011的5.3.2）； h)?更改了汽-液流動沸騰與蒸發(fā)性能測試性能確定的規(guī)定（見6.2.3.GB/T 27698.1-2011 -的5.3.3）； i)?增加了池沸騰傳熱性能測試性能確定的規(guī)定（見6.2.4）； j)?增加了不確定度要求（見6.3）； k)?更改了測試報告的要求（見第7章，GB/T 27698.1-2011的第9章）。 請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。 本文件由全國鍋爐壓力容器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會（SAC/TC 262）提出并歸口。 本文件于2011年首次發(fā)布；本次為第一次修訂，并入了GB/T 27698.8-2011《熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法第8部分：熱交換器工業(yè)標(biāo)定》的內(nèi)容（GB/T 27698.8-2011為2011年首次發(fā)布）。 引言 性能測試是確定熱交換器及傳熱元件流動與傳熱特性的最準(zhǔn)確的方法。為了保證性能測試有序開展，GB/T27698旨在確立普遍適用于熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試的測試系統(tǒng)、測試條件、數(shù)據(jù)處理方法及測試報告要求，擬由四個部分組成。 ——第1部分：通用要求。目的在于確立適用于各類熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試的測試系統(tǒng)、測量儀表、測量方法、數(shù)據(jù)處理方法及測試報告的通用要求。 ——第2部分：熱交換器。目的在于確立各類典型熱交換器性能測試時產(chǎn)品參數(shù)信息,測試程序、數(shù)據(jù)處理結(jié)果及測試報告要求。 ——第3部分：傳熱元件。目的在于確立各類典型傳熱元件性能測試的汽-氣冷凝測試方法及產(chǎn)品參數(shù)信息、測試程序、數(shù)據(jù)處理結(jié)果與測試報告要求。 ——第4部分：空冷器噪聲測定。目的在于確立空冷器噪聲測定的測量參數(shù)、測試環(huán)境、測試儀表，測試方法及測試報告的要求。 由于GB/T 27698不可能、也沒有必要囊括熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試的所有技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié),因此，在滿足準(zhǔn)確性要求的前提下，不限制本文件中沒有特別提及的技術(shù)內(nèi)容。 GB/T 27698不限制性能測試時采用先進(jìn)的測試技術(shù)和測試方法，但工程技術(shù)人員采用先進(jìn)的技術(shù)方法時，宜對其科學(xué)性與準(zhǔn)確性做出可靠判斷。 熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試方法 第1部分：通用要求 1?范圍 本文件描述了熱交換器及傳熱元件性能測試的通用方法,包括測試系統(tǒng)、測量儀表、測量方法、數(shù)據(jù)處理方法及測試報告要求。 本文件適用于測試流體分別為液體-液體、蒸汽-液體、蒸汽-空氣的液-液無相變、汽-液冷凝有相變、汽-液沸騰與蒸發(fā)有相變、汽-氣冷凝有相變的性能測試。 2?規(guī)范性引用文件 下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，共最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本文件。 GB/T 151 熱交換器 GB/T 7724 電子稱重儀表 GB/T 27418 測量不確定度評定和表示 NB/T 47004.1 板式熱交換器 第1部分：可拆卸板式熱交換器 NB/T 47004.2 板式熱交換器 第2部分：焊接板式熱交換器 NB/T 47007 空冷式熱交換器 NB/T 47045 釬焊板式熱交換器 NB/T 47048 螺旋板式熱交換器 3?術(shù)語和定義 GB/T 151、GB/T 27418、NB/T 47004.1、NB/T 47004.2、NB/T 47007、NB/T 47045、NB/T 47048界定的以及下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件. 3.1 熱交換器?heat exchanger 使熱量從熱流體傳遞到冷流體,以滿足規(guī)定工藝要求的設(shè)備。 3.2 傳熱元件?heat exchanger element 熱交換器中直接參與熱量傳遞的零部件。 3.3 性能?performance 機(jī)械、器材.物品等所具有的性質(zhì)和功能。 注：本文件中性能指熱交換器及傳熱元件的傳熱與流動方面的功能特性，以及空冷式熱交換器的噪聲特性。 3.4 工業(yè)標(biāo)定?field calibration 工業(yè)現(xiàn)場在用熱交換器的性能確定。 ? Foreword

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This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020?

Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents

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This document is Part 1 of GB/T 276988?

Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements

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Part 1: General requirements

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Part 2: Heat exchangers

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Part 3: Heat exchange elements

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Part 4: Measurement of noise from air-cooled heat exchangers

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This document replaces GB/T 27698.1-2011?

Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 1: General requirements

?and GB/T 27698.8-2011?

Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 8: Determination of industrial locale for heat exchangers

. This document is developed based on GB/T 27698.1-2011, incorporating the contents of GB/T 27698.8-2011. In addition to structural adjustment and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 27698.1-2011:

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a)?The terms and definitions of "heat exchanger", "heat exchange element", "performance" and "field calibration" have been added (see Clause 3);

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b)?The pool boiling heat exchange performance test system has been added (see 5.1.4);

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c)?The accuracy requirements for measuring instruments have been changed (see 5.2.1 hereof, 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 of GB/T 27698.1-2011);

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d)?The provisions for measuring parameters and raw data for pool boiling heat exchange performance tests have been added (see 5.4.4);

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e)?The provisions for the calculation of performance test data have been changed (see 6.1 hereof, and Clause 7 of GB/T 27698.1-2011);

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f)?The provisions for data processing for pool boiling heat exchange performance tests have been added (see 6.1.4);

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g)?The provisions for determining the performance of vapor-liquid condensation performance test have been changed (see 6.2.2 hereof, and 5.3.2 of GB/T 27698.1-2011);

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h)?The provisions for determining the performance of boiling and evaporation performance test for vapor-liquid flow have been changed (see 6.2.3 hereof, and 5.3.3 of GB/T 27698.1-2011);

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i)?The provisions for determining the performance of pool boiling heat exchange performance test have been added (see 6.2.4);

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j)?The requirements for uncertainty have been added (see 6.3);

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k)?The requirements for test report have been changed (see Clause 7 hereof, and Clause 9 of GB/T 27698.1-2011).

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Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

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This document was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 262 National Technical Committee on Boilers and Pressure Vessels of Standardization Administration of China.

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This document was first released in 2011. This is the first revision, incorporating the contents of GB/T 27698.8-2011?

Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 8: Determination of industrial locale for heat exchangers

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Introduction

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Performance test is the most accurate method to determine the flow and heat exchange characteristics of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements. In order to ensure the orderly development of performance test, GB/T 27698 aims to establish a test system, test conditions, data processing methods and test report requirements which are generally applicable to the performance test of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements. It is planned to be composed of four parts:

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Part 1: General requirements

. Its purpose is to establish general requirements for test systems, measuring instruments, measuring methods, data processing methods and test reports applicable to the performance test of various types of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements.

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Part 2: Heat exchangers

. Its purpose is to establish the product parameter information, test program, data processing results and test report requirements when testing the performance of various typical heat exchangers.

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Part 3: Heat exchange elements

. Its purpose is to establish the vapor-gas condensation test method, product parameter information, test program, data processing results and test report requirements for performance tests of various typical heat exchange elements.

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Part 4: Measurement of noise from air-cooled heat exchangers

. Its purpose is to establish the requirements of measuring parameters, test environment, test instruments, test methods and test reports for noise measurement of air coolers.

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Since it is impossible and unnecessary for GB/T 27698 to include all the technical details of the performance test of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements, it does not limit the technical contents not specifically mentioned in this document under the premise of meeting the accuracy requirements.

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GB/T 27698 does not limit the use of advanced testing techniques and methods in performance tests, but engineers and technicians should make reliable judgments on their scientificity and accuracy when adopting advanced technical methods.

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Test methods for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements – Part 1: General requirements

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1?Scope

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This document describes a general method for testing the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements, including test systems, measuring instruments, measuring methods, data processing methods and test report requirements.

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This document is applicable to the performance test of liquid-liquid without phase change, vapor-liquid condensation with phase change, vapor-liquid boiling and evaporation with phase change, and vapor-gas condensation with phase change when the test fluids are liquid-liquid, vapor-liquid and vapor-air respectively.

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2?Normative references

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The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

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GB/T 151

Heat exchangers

GB/T 7724

Electronic weighing meter

GB/T 27418

Guide to the evaluation and expression of uncertainty in measurement

NB/T 47004.1

Plate heat exchangers - Part 1: Plate-and-frame heat exchangers

NB/T 47004.2

Plate heat exchangers - Part 2: Welded plate heat exchangers

NB/T 47007

Air-cooled heat exchangers

NB/T 47045

Brazed plate heat exchangers

NB/T 47048

Spiral plate heat exchanger

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3?Terms and definitions

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For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 151, GB/T 27418, NB/T 47004.1, NB/T 47004.2, NB/T 47007, NB/T 47045, NB/T 47048 and the following apply.

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3.1

heat exchanger

equipment that transfers heat from hot fluid to cold fluid to meet specified process requirements

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3.2

heat exchange element

components in a heat exchanger that are directly involved in heat exchange

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3.3

performance

properties and functions of machinery, equipment and articles

Note: Performance in this document refers to the functional characteristics of heat exchangers and heat exchange elements in terms of heat exchange and flow and the noise characteristics of air-cooled heat exchangers.

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3.4

field calibration

performance determination of in-service heat exchanger in industrial field

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