A

奧氏體

austenite

奧氏體本質(zhì)晶粒度

austenite inherent grain size

奧氏體化

austenitization, austenitizing

B

白口鑄鐵

white cast iron

白銅

white brass, copper-nickel alloy

板條馬氏體

lath martensite

棒材

bar

包晶反應(yīng)

peritectic reaction

薄板

thin sheet

薄膜技術(shù)

thin film technique

貝氏體

bainite

本質(zhì)晶粒度

inherent grain size

比強(qiáng)度

strength-to-weight ratio

變質(zhì)處理

inoculation, modification

變質(zhì)劑

modifying agent, modificator

表面處理

surface treatment

表面粗糙度

surface roughness

表面淬火

surface quenching

表面腐蝕

surface corrosion

表面硬化

surface hardening

玻璃

glass

玻璃態(tài)

vitreous state, glass state

玻璃鋼

glass fiber reinforced plastics

玻璃纖維

glass fiber

不可熱處理的

non-heat-treatable

不銹鋼

stainless steel

布氏硬度

Brinell hardness

C

材料強(qiáng)度

strength of material

殘余奧氏體

residual austenite

殘余變形

residual deformation

殘余應(yīng)力

residual stress

層狀珠光體

lamellar pearlite

超導(dǎo)金屬

superconducting metal

成核

nucleate, nucleation

成形

forming, shaping

成長

growth, growing

磁材料

magnetic materials

沖擊韌性

impact toughness

純鐵

pure iron

粗晶粒

coarse grain

脆性

brittleness

脆性斷裂

brittle fracture

淬火

quenching, quench

淬透性

hardenability, quenching degree,?

淬硬性

hardening capacity

D

帶材

band, strip

單晶

single crystal, unit crystal

單體

monomer, element

氮化層

nitration case

氮化物

nitride

刀具

cutting tool

導(dǎo)磁性

magnetic conductivity

導(dǎo)電性

electric conductivity

導(dǎo)熱性

heat conductivity, thermal conductivity

導(dǎo)體

conductor

等離子堆焊

plasma surfacing

等離子弧噴涂

plasma spraying

等離子增強(qiáng)化學(xué)氣相沉積

plasma chemical vapour deposition (PCVD)

等溫轉(zhuǎn)變曲線

isothermal transformation curve

低合金鋼

low alloy steel

低碳鋼

low carbon steel

低碳馬氏體

low carbon martensite

低溫回火

low tempering

點(diǎn)陣常數(shù)

grating constant, lattice constant

電鍍

electroplating, galvanize

電弧噴涂

electric arc spraying

電子顯微鏡

electron microscope

定向結(jié)晶

directional solidification S

端淬試驗(yàn)

end quenching test

斷口分析

fracture analysis

斷裂強(qiáng)度

breaking strength, fracture strength

斷裂韌性

fracture toughness

斷面收縮率

contraction of cross sectional area,

鍛造

forge, forging, smithing

多晶體

polycrystal

E

二次硬化

secondary hardening

二元合金

binary alloy, two-component alloy

F

防銹的

rust-proof, rust resistant

非金屬

non-metal, nonmetal

非晶態(tài)

amorphous stats

分子鍵

molecular bond

分子結(jié)構(gòu)?

molecular structure

分子量

molecular weight

酚醛樹脂

bakelite, phenolic resin

粉末治金?

powder metallurgy

粉末復(fù)合材料?

particulate composite

腐蝕

corrosion, corrode, etch, etching

腐蝕劑

corrodent, corrosive, etchant

復(fù)合材料?

composite material

G

感應(yīng)淬火?

induction quenching

剛度?

rigidity, stiffness

鋼

steel

鋼板?

steel plate

鋼棒

steel bar

鋼錠?

steel ingot

鋼管

steel tube, steel pipe

鋼絲?

steel wire

鋼球?

steel ball

杠桿定理?

lever rule, lever principle

高分子聚合物

high polymer, super polymer

高合金鋼

high alloy steel

高錳鋼?

high manganese steel

高頻淬火

high frequency quenching

高速鋼

high speed steel, quick-cutting steel

高碳鋼

high-carbon steel

高碳馬氏體

high carbon martensite

高彈態(tài)

elastomer

高溫回火?

high tempering

各向同性?

isotropy

各向異性?

anisotropy, anisotropism

工程材料

engineering material

工具鋼

tool steel

工業(yè)純鐵

industrial pure iron

工藝?

technology

共價鍵

covalent bond

共晶體?

eutectic

共晶反應(yīng)

eutectic reaction

共析體?

eutectoid

共析鋼?

eutectoid steel

功能材料?

functional materials

固溶處理

solid solution treatment

固溶強(qiáng)化?

solution strengthening

固溶體?

solid solution

固相

solid phase

光亮熱處理?

bright heat treatment

滾珠軸承鋼

ball bearing steel

過飽和固溶體?

supersaturated solid solution

過共晶合金?

hypereutectic alloy

過共析鋼

hypereutectoid steel

過冷

over-cooling, supercooling

過冷奧氏體

supercooled austenite

過冷度

degree of supercooling

過熱

overheat, superheat

H

焊接

welding, weld

航空材料

aerial material

合成纖維

synthetic fiber

合金鋼

alloy steel

合金化

alloying

合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼

structural alloy steel

黑色金屬

ferrous metal

紅硬性

red hardness

滑移

slip, glide

滑移方向

glide direction, slip direction

滑移面

glide plane, slip plane

滑移系

slip system

化合物

compound

化學(xué)氣相沉積

chemical vapour deposition (CVD)

化學(xué)熱處理

chemical heat treatment

J?

基體

matrix

機(jī)械混合物

mechanical mixture

機(jī)械性能

mechanical property

激光熱處理

heat treatment with a laser beam

激光

laser

激光熔凝

laser melting and consolidation

激光表面硬化

surface hardening by laser beam

加工硬化

work hardening

加熱

heating

膠粘劑

adhesive

結(jié)構(gòu)材料

structural material

結(jié)晶

crystallize, crystallization

結(jié)晶度

crystallinity

金屬材料

metal material

金屬化合物

metallic compound

金屬鍵

metallic bond

金屬組織

metal structure

金屬結(jié)構(gòu)

metallic framework

金屬塑性加工

metal plastic working

金屬陶瓷

metal ceramic

金相顯微鏡?

metallographic microscope, metalloscope

金相照片

metallograph

晶胞

cell

晶格

crystal lattice

晶格常數(shù)

lattice constant

晶格空位

lattice vacancy

晶粒

crystal grain

晶粒度

grain size

晶粒細(xì)化

grain refining

晶體結(jié)構(gòu)

crystal structure

聚四氟乙烯

polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

聚合度

degree of polymerization

聚合反應(yīng)

polymerization

絕熱材料

heat-insulating material

絕緣材料

insulating material

K

抗拉強(qiáng)度

tensile strength

抗壓強(qiáng)度

compression strength

顆粒復(fù)合材料

particle composite

擴(kuò)散

diffusion, diffuse

L

老化

aging

萊氏體

ledeburite

冷變形

cold deformation

冷加工

cold work, cold working

冷卻

cool, cooling

冷作硬化

cold hardening

離子

ion

粒狀珠光體

granular pearlite

連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)變曲線

continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curve

孿晶

twin crystal

孿生

twinning, twin

螺旋位錯

helical dislocation

洛氏硬度

Rockwell hardness

M

馬氏體

martensite (M)

密排六方晶格

close-packed hexagonal lattice (C.P.H.)

面心立方晶格

face-centered cubic lattice (F.C.C.)

摩擦

friction

磨損

wear, abrade, abrasion

模具鋼

die steel

Mf 點(diǎn)

martensite finishing point

Ms點(diǎn)

martensite starting point

N

納米材料

nanostructured materials

耐磨鋼

wear-resisting steel

耐磨性

wearability, wear resistance

耐熱鋼

heat resistant steel , high temperature steel

內(nèi)耗

internal friction

內(nèi)應(yīng)力

internal stress

尼龍

nylon

粘彈性

viscoelasticity

凝固

solidify, solidification

扭轉(zhuǎn)強(qiáng)度

torsional strength

扭轉(zhuǎn)疲勞強(qiáng)度

torsional fatigue strength

P

泡沫塑料

foam plastics, expanded plastics

配位數(shù)

coordination number

噴丸硬化

shot-peening

疲勞強(qiáng)度

fatigue strength

疲勞壽命

fatigue life

片狀馬氏體

lamellar martensite, plate type martensite

普通碳鋼

ordinary steel, plain carbon steel

Q

氣體滲碳

gas carburizing

切變

shear

切削

cut, cutting

切應(yīng)力

shearing stress

球化退火

spheroidizing annealing

球墨鑄鐵

nodular graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron

球狀珠光體

globular pearlite

屈服強(qiáng)度

yielding strength, yield strength

屈強(qiáng)比

yielding-to-tensile ratio

屈氏體

troostite (T)

去應(yīng)力退火

relief annealing

R

熱處理

heat treatment

熱加工

hot work, hot working

熱噴涂

thermal spraying

熱固性

thermosetting

熱塑性

hot plasticity

熱硬性

thermohardening

柔順性

flexibility

人工時效

artificial ageing

刃具

cutting tool

刃型位錯

edge dislocation, blade dislocation

韌性

toughness

溶質(zhì)

solute

溶劑

solvent

蠕變

creep

蠕墨鑄鐵

vermicular graphite cast iron

軟氮化

soft nitriding

S

掃描電鏡

scanning electron microscope (SEM)

上貝氏體

upper Bainite

滲氮

nitriding

滲硫

sulfurizing

滲碳

carburizing, carburization

滲碳體

cementite (Cm)

失效

failure

石墨

graphite (G)

時間-溫度轉(zhuǎn)變曲線

time temperature transformation (TTT) curve

時效硬化

age-hardening

實(shí)際晶粒度

actual grain size

使用壽命

service life

樹枝狀晶

dendrite

樹脂

resin

雙金屬

bimetal, duplex metal

水淬

water quenching, water hardening, water quench

松弛

relax, relaxation

塑料

plastics

塑性

plasticity, ductility

塑性變形

plastic deformation

索氏體

Sorbite (S)

T

彈簧鋼

spring steel

彈性

elasticity

彈性變形

elastic deformation

彈性極限

elastic limit

彈性模量

elastic modulus

碳素鋼

carbon steel

碳含量

carbon content

碳化物

carbide

碳素工具鋼

carbon tool steel

陶瓷

ceramic

陶瓷材料

ceramic material

體心立方晶格

body-centered cubic lattice (B.C.C.)

體型聚合物

three-dimensional polymer

調(diào)質(zhì)處理

quenching and tempering

調(diào)質(zhì)鋼

quenched and tempered steel

鐵碳平衡圖

iron-carbon equilibrium diagram

透明(結(jié)晶)陶瓷

crystalline ceramics

同素異構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變

allotropic transformation

涂層

coat, coating

退火

anneal, annealing

托氏體

Troostite (T)

W

彎曲

bend, bending

完全退火

full annealing

微觀組織

microstructure

維氏硬度

Vickers hardness

未經(jīng)變質(zhì)處理的

uninoculated

溫度

temperature

無定形的

amorphous

物理氣相沉積

physical vapour deposition (PVD)

X

下貝氏體

lower Bainite

線型聚合物

linear polymer

纖維

fibre, fiber

纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料

filament reinforced composite

顯微照片

metallograph, microphotograph, micrograph

顯微組織

microscopic structure, microstructure

橡膠

rubber

相

phase

相變

phase transition

相圖

phase diagram

消除應(yīng)力退火

stress relief annealing

形狀記憶合金

Shape memory alloys

形變

deformation

性能

performance, property

X射線結(jié)構(gòu)分析

X-ray structural analysis

Y

壓力加工

press work

亞共晶鑄鐵

hypoeutectic cast iron

亞共析鋼

hypoeutectoid steel

氧化物陶瓷

oxide ceramics

延伸率

elongation percentage

鹽溶淬火

salt bath quenching

液相

liquid phase

應(yīng)變

strain

應(yīng)力

stress

應(yīng)力場強(qiáng)度因子

stress intensity factor

應(yīng)力松弛

relaxation of stress

硬質(zhì)合金

carbide alloy, hard alloy

油淬

oil quenching, oil hardening

有機(jī)玻璃

methyl-methacrylate, plexiglass

有色金屬?

nonferrous metal

勻晶?

uniform grain

孕育處理

inoculation, modification

Z

再結(jié)晶退火

recrystallization annealing

載荷

load

增強(qiáng)塑料

reinforced plastics

針狀馬氏體

acicular martensite

正火?

normalize, normalization

致密度

tightness

支化型聚合物

branched polymer

智能材料

intelligent materials

中合金鋼

medium alloy steel

軸承鋼?

bearing steel

軸承合金

bearing alloy

珠光體

pearlite (P)

柱狀晶體

columnar crystal

鑄造

cast , foundry

自然時效

natural ageing

自由能

free energy

組元

component, constituent

組織

structure

α鈦合金

α titanium alloy