V1

1.??? a(an) [?]/[?n] art.

a用于輔音前，an用于元音前。在FM、UN等縮略語(yǔ)前，用a還是an，需視首字母如何發(fā)音而定。如F是輔音字母，但其發(fā)音以 /e/ 開頭，故應(yīng)說(shuō)：an FM radio。U是元音字母，但其發(fā)音以 /j/ 音開頭，故應(yīng)說(shuō)：a UN declaration。

1)（用于可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞前，表示未曾提到的）一（人、事、物）

a man/horse/unit

一個(gè)人；一匹馬；一個(gè)單位

an aunt/egg/hour/x-ray

一個(gè)姑母；一個(gè)雞蛋；一小時(shí)；一張X光片

I can only carry two at a time.

我一次只能帶兩個(gè)。

There's a visitor for you.

有位客人找你。

2)（用于前有形容詞或后有短語(yǔ)的不可數(shù)名詞前）

a good knowledge of French

精通法語(yǔ)

a sadness that won't go away

揮之不去的悲愁

3)任何一；每一

A lion is a dangerous animal.

獅子是猛獸。

4)（表示為某一群體或職業(yè)中的一員）

She's a Buddhist.

她是個(gè)佛教徒。

He's a teacher.

他是教師。

Is that a Monet (= a painting by Monet) ?

那是莫奈的畫嗎？

5)（用于視為一體的兩個(gè)名詞之前）

a knife and fork

一副刀叉

6)（用于某些數(shù)字前，代替one）

A thousand people were there.

那里有一千人。

7)（用于價(jià)格、數(shù)量、比率等）一，每一

syn: per

They cost 50p a kilo.

其價(jià)錢是一公斤50便士。

I can type 50 words a minute.

我每分鐘能打50個(gè)單詞。

He was driving at 50 miles an hour.

當(dāng)時(shí)他正以每小時(shí)50英里的速度駕車。

8)像（某人）的人；......式的人物

She's a little Hitler.

她是個(gè)小希特勒。

9)（用于某人姓名前，表示說(shuō)話者不認(rèn)識(shí)此人）有個(gè)

There's a Mrs. Green to see you.

有位格林太太要見你。

10)（用于一星期中某天的名稱前，表示具體某一天）

She died on a Tuesday.

她是在一個(gè)星期二去世的。

2.??? abandon [??b?nd?n] v.(不顧責(zé)任、義務(wù)等)離棄，遺棄，拋棄；(不得已而)舍棄，丟棄，離開

~ sb (to sth)

The baby had been abandoned by its mother.

這個(gè)嬰兒被母親遺棄了。

The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.

研究表明，老人十分害怕被丟給陌生人照管。

~ sth (to sb/sth)

Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.

大雪迫使許多駕駛者棄車步行。

They had to abandon their lands to the invading forces.

他們不得不舍棄土地，讓侵略軍占領(lǐng)。

3.??? ability [??b?l?ti] n.能力；才能

pl. -ies

~ to do sth

The system has the ability to run more than one program at the same time.

該系統(tǒng)能夠同時(shí)運(yùn)行一個(gè)以上的程序。

Almost everyone has some musical ability.

幾乎人人都有一些音樂(lè)才能。

He was a man of extraordinary abilities.

他才干卓著。

4.??? able [?e?bl] adj.能；能夠；有能力的

opp: unable

~ to do sth

You must be able to speak French for this job.

干這項(xiàng)工作你得會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。

I didn't feel able to disagree with him.

我覺得無(wú)法不同意他的意見。

Will you be able to come?

你能來(lái)嗎？

5.??? abnormal [?b?n??ml] adj.不正常的；反常的；變態(tài)的

opp: normal

abnormal levels of sugar in the blood

血糖值不正常

They thought his behaviour was abnormal.

他們認(rèn)為他行為反常。

6.??? aboard [??b??d]? [??b??rd] adv./prep. 在船上；在(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車、火車等)上；上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車、火車等)

syn: on board

We went aboard.

我們上了船。

He was already aboard the plane.

他已經(jīng)登機(jī)了。

The plane crashed killing all 157 passengers aboard.

飛機(jī)墜毀，機(jī)上157名乘客全部遇難。

All aboard! (= the bus, boat, etc. is leaving soon)

請(qǐng)大家上車（或船等）?。ū硎抉R上就要開了）

Welcome aboard! (= used to welcome passengers or a person joining a new organization, etc.)

歡迎乘坐（或歡迎加盟）！

7.??? abolish [??b?l??]? [??bɑ?l??] v.廢除，廢止(法律、制度、習(xí)俗等)

This tax should be abolished.

這種稅應(yīng)該取消。

8.??? abortion [??b???n]? [??b??r?n] n.墮胎;人工流產(chǎn)

support/oppose abortion

支持 / 反對(duì)墮胎

abortion laws

有關(guān)墮胎的法律

9.??? about [??ba?t]

adv.

1)大約；左右

syn: approximately

It costs about $10.

這大約要花10元錢。

They waited (for) about an hour.

他們等了一小時(shí)左右。

2)將近；幾乎

I'm just about ready.

我就要準(zhǔn)備好了。

This is about the best we can hope for.

這差不多是我們所能希望的最好結(jié)果。

3)到處；處處；各處

The children were rushing about in the garden.

孩子們?cè)诨▓@里跑來(lái)跑去。

4)凌亂地；四處；到處

Her books were lying about on the floor.

她的書在地板上東一本西一本地放著。

5)閑著；無(wú)所事事

People were standing about in the road.

人們?cè)诼飞祥e站著。

6)在某地；附近；周圍

There was nobody about.

附近沒(méi)有人。

There's a lot of flu about.

這一帶流感肆虐。

prep.

1)關(guān)于；對(duì)于

a book about flowers

一本關(guān)于花卉的書

Tell me all about it.

把這件事全部告訴我。

2)目的是；為了；涉及......方面

Movies are all about making money these days.

當(dāng)今電影就是只顧賺錢。

What was all that about? (= what was the reason for what has just happened?)

這到底是怎么回事？

3)忙于；從事于

Everywhere people were going about their daily business.

無(wú)論哪里人們都在忙著干日常工作。

4)在......到處；在......各處

We wandered about the town for an hour or so.

我們?cè)诔抢锏教幱喂淞艘粋€(gè)小時(shí)左右。

He looked about the room.

他在房間里四下看了看。

5)在......四處

The papers were strewn about the room.

房間里四處亂扔著文件。

6)在......附近；在......地方

She's somewhere about the office.

她在辦公室附近。

7)圍繞

She wore a shawl about her shoulders.

她披了一件披肩。

how/what about…?

1)（詢問(wèn)消息）怎么樣，如何

How about Ruth? Have you heard from her?

露絲怎么樣了？你有她的消息嗎？

I'm having fish. What about you?

我吃魚，你呢？

2)（建議時(shí)說(shuō)）怎么樣，好嗎

How about going for a walk?

去散散步怎么樣？

What about a break?

休息一下如何？

adj.

be about to do sth 即將，行將，正要（做某事）

I was just about to ask you the same thing.

我剛才正要問(wèn)你同一件事情。

10. above [??b?v]

prep.

1）在（或向）......上面

The water came above our knees.

水淹過(guò)了我們的膝蓋。

We were flying above the clouds.

我們?cè)谠茖由厦骘w行。

2）（數(shù)目、數(shù)量、水平、年齡）超過(guò)，多于，大于

Temperatures have been above average.

氣溫一直比平均溫度高。

We cannot accept children above the age of 10.

我們不能接受10歲以上的兒童。

3）（重要性、質(zhì)量）超過(guò)，勝過(guò)

I rate her above most other players of her age.

我認(rèn)為她優(yōu)于大多數(shù)同齡參賽者。

above all 最重要的是；尤其是

adv.

1）在（或向）上面；在（或向）較高處

Put it on the shelf above.

把它放到上面的擱板上。

Seen from above the cars looked tiny.

從高處往下看，車輛顯得很小。

2）（數(shù)目、數(shù)量、水平、年齡）超過(guò)，更多，更大

A score of 70 or above will get you an ‘A’.

70分或以上就可以得“優(yōu)”。

children aged 12 and above

12歲或以上的孩子

3）上文；前文

As was stated above…

如上所述…

See above, page 97.

見前文，第97頁(yè)。

adj.前文述及的；上述的

Please write to us at the above address.

請(qǐng)按上述地址來(lái)函。

11. abroad [??br??d]

adv.

1）在國(guó)外；到國(guó)外

be/go/travel/live abroad

在外國(guó)；出國(guó)；到國(guó)外旅行；在國(guó)外居住

She worked abroad for a year.

她在國(guó)外工作了一年。

He was famous, both at home and abroad (= in his own country and in other countries) .

他享譽(yù)國(guó)內(nèi)外。

2）廣為流傳

There was news abroad that a change was coming.

盛傳即將有一個(gè)變動(dòng)。

12. abrupt [??br?pt] adj.

1）突然的；意外的

an abrupt change/halt/departure

突然改變；驟然停頓；拂袖而去

2）（言語(yǔ)、行為）粗魯?shù)?，莽撞的，唐突的；生硬?/p>

an abrupt manner

唐突的舉止

She was very abrupt with me in our meeting.

在我們會(huì)面時(shí)，她跟我說(shuō)話非常生硬。

13. absence [??bs?ns] n.

1）缺席；不在

~ (from…)

absence from work

缺勤

repeated absences from school

一再缺課

The decision was made in my absence (= while I was not there) .

這個(gè)決定是我不在的時(shí)候作出的。

2）不存在；缺乏

The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.

此案因缺乏確鑿證據(jù)而不予受理。

14. absent [??bs?nt , ?b?sent]

adj.

1）缺席；不在

~ (from sth)

be absent from work 缺勤

opp: present

2)不存在；缺少

~ (from sth)

Love was totally absent from his childhood.

他童年時(shí)根本沒(méi)有得到過(guò)愛。

opp: present

3)心不在焉的；出神的

an absent expression

心不在焉的神情

15. absolute [??bs?lu?t]?

adj.

1)完全的；全部的；絕對(duì)的

a class for absolute beginners

零起點(diǎn)班

absolute confidence/trust/silence/truth

充滿信心；絕對(duì)信任；萬(wàn)籟俱寂；絕對(duì)真實(shí)

‘You're wrong,’ she said with absolute certainty.

“你錯(cuò)了。”她斬釘截鐵地說(shuō)。

2)肯定的；無(wú)疑的；明確的

There was no absolute proof.

沒(méi)有確鑿的證據(jù)。

He taught us that the laws of physics were absolute.

他教導(dǎo)我們說(shuō)，物理定律是不容置疑的。

The divorce became absolute last week.

離婚在上周已成定局。

16. absorb [?b?z??b]? [?b?z??rb]

v.

1）吸收（液體、氣體等）

Plants absorb oxygen.

植物吸收氧氣。

The cream is easily absorbed into the skin.

這種乳霜皮膚易吸收。

2）理解；掌握

syn: take in

It's a lot of information to absorb all at once.

要一下子消化這么多資料，真是很難。

3）吸引全部注意力；使全神貫注

This work had absorbed him for several years.

這項(xiàng)工作曾使他沉迷了好幾年。

17. abstract [??bstr?kt , ?b?str?kt]

adj.

1）抽象的（與個(gè)別情況相對(duì)）；純理論的

abstract knowledge/principles

理論知識(shí)；抽象原理

2）抽象的（與具體經(jīng)驗(yàn)相對(duì)）

We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract.

我們盡可談?wù)撁赖氖挛?，但美本身卻是抽象的。

n.抽象派藝術(shù)作品；摘要，概要

in the abstract 抽象地；理論上

18. absurd [?b?s??d]? [?b?s??rd]

adj.荒謬的；荒唐的；怪誕不經(jīng)的

syn: ridiculous

That uniform makes the guards look absurd.

警衛(wèi)們穿著那種制服看起來(lái)怪模怪樣的。

Of course it's not true, what an absurd idea.

那當(dāng)然不合乎事實(shí)，這個(gè)想法太荒唐了！

19. abundant [??b?nd?nt]

adj.大量的；豐盛的；充裕的

Fish are abundant in the lake.

湖里魚很多。

We have abundant evidence to prove his guilt.

我們有充分的證據(jù)證明他有罪。

20. abuse [??bju?s , ??bju?z]

n.

1）濫用；妄用

syn: misuse

~ (of sth)

alcohol/drug/solvent abuse

酗酒；嗜毒；嗜吸膠毒

He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power .

他因被控貪污腐化和濫用職權(quán)而遭逮捕。

What she did was an abuse of her position as manager.

她的所作所為是濫用經(jīng)理職權(quán)。

2）虐待

child abuse

虐待兒童

sexual abuse

性虐待

She suffered years of physical abuse.

她遭受了多年的肉體摧殘。

3）辱罵；惡語(yǔ)

scream/hurl/shout abuse

高聲謾罵；破口大罵；大聲辱罵

a stream/torrent of abuse

不斷辱罵；劈頭蓋臉一通臭罵

v.

1）濫用（以致危害健康）

abuse alcohol/drugs

酗酒；嗜毒

2）濫用，妄用（權(quán)力、所知所聞）

She abused her position as principal by giving jobs to her friends.

她濫用自己作為校長(zhǎng)的職權(quán)，把工作安排給朋友們。

3）虐待；性虐待；傷害

All the children had been physically and emotionally abused.

所有這些兒童的身心都受到了摧殘。

The boy had been sexually abused.

這個(gè)男孩曾遭受過(guò)性虐待。

4）辱罵；對(duì)…惡語(yǔ)相加；詆毀

syn: insult

The referee had been threatened and abused.

裁判遭到了恐嚇和謾罵。

21. academic [??k??dem?k]

adj.學(xué)業(yè)的，教學(xué)的，學(xué)術(shù)的（尤指與學(xué)校教育有關(guān)）

The students return in October for the start of the new academic year.

學(xué)生于十月返校，開始新學(xué)年的學(xué)習(xí)。

high/low academic standards

高 / 低學(xué)術(shù)水平

an academic career

學(xué)術(shù)生涯

n.高等院校教師；高校科研人員

22. academy [??k?d?mi]

n. pl. -ies

1）?？圃盒?/p>

the Royal Academy of Music

皇家音樂(lè)學(xué)院

a police/military academy

警官 / 軍官學(xué)校

2）（美國(guó)）私立學(xué)校

23. accelerate [?k?sel?re?t]

v.

1）（使）加速，加快

Exposure to the sun can accelerate the ageing process.

暴露在日光下會(huì)加快老化過(guò)程。

2）(of a vehicle or person 交通工具或人) 加速；加快

The runners accelerated smoothly around the bend.

賽跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員在轉(zhuǎn)彎處順暢地加速。

The car accelerated to overtake me.

那輛汽車加速超過(guò)了我。

24. accent [??ksent , ?k?sent]

n.

1）口音；腔調(diào)；土音

a strong/broad accent (= one that is very noticeable)

濃重的口音

She spoke English with an accent .

她說(shuō)英語(yǔ)帶有口音。

2）著重點(diǎn)；強(qiáng)調(diào)

syn: emphasis

In all our products the accent is on quality.

我們的全部產(chǎn)品都是強(qiáng)調(diào)質(zhì)量。

3)重音

syn: stress

In ‘today’ the accent is on the second syllable.

today一詞的重音在第二音節(jié)。

25. accept [?k?sept]

v.

1)收受；接受（建議、邀請(qǐng)等）

opp: refuse

He asked me to marry him and I accepted.

他向我求婚，我答應(yīng)了。

Please accept our sincere apologies.

請(qǐng)接受我們真誠(chéng)的道歉。

2)（認(rèn)為合適或足夠好而）接受

This machine only accepts coins.

這臺(tái)機(jī)器只接受硬幣。

Will you accept a cheque?

你收支票嗎？

3)同意；認(rèn)可

opp: reject

They accepted the court's decision.

他們接受法院的判決。

She won't accept advice from anyone.

她不會(huì)接受任何人的忠告。

4)承認(rèn)，承擔(dān)（責(zé)任等）

He accepts full responsibility for what happened.

他承認(rèn)對(duì)所發(fā)生的事負(fù)完全責(zé)任。

You have to accept the consequences of your actions.

你得對(duì)你的行為后果負(fù)責(zé)。

5)相信（某事屬實(shí)）

~ sth (as sth)

I don't accept his version of events.

我不相信他對(duì)事件的說(shuō)法。

Can we accept his account as the true version?

我們能相信他說(shuō)的是事實(shí)嗎？

6)容忍，忍受（困境等）

~ sth (as sth)

You just have to accept the fact that we're never going to be rich.

你只得接受我們永遠(yuǎn)也富不起來(lái)這個(gè)事實(shí)。

They accept the risks as part of the job.

他們甘冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，把這當(dāng)成工作的一部分。

7)歡迎；接納；接受（為成員、會(huì)員等）

?~ sb (into sth) | ~ sb (as sth)

She had never been accepted into what was essentially a man's world.

她從未被這個(gè)本質(zhì)上屬于男人的世界所接受。

He never really accepted her as his own child.

他一直沒(méi)有真正接納她為自己的女兒。

She was disappointed not to be accepted into the club.

她沒(méi)有獲準(zhǔn)加入俱樂(lè)部，感到失望。

26. access [??kses]

n.

1)通道；通路；入徑

~ (to sth)

The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.

去那農(nóng)舍的唯一通路是穿過(guò)田野。

2)（使用或見到的）機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利

~ (to sth)

Students must have access to good resources.

學(xué)生必須有機(jī)會(huì)使用好的資源。

Journalists were denied access to the President.

記者被擋住，無(wú)法見到總統(tǒng)。

v.

1)訪問(wèn)，存?。ㄓ?jì)算機(jī)文件）

2)到達(dá)；進(jìn)入；使用

The loft can be accessed by a ladder.

搭梯子可以上閣樓。

27. accessible [?k?ses?bl]

adj.

1)可到達(dá)的；可接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可使用的；可見到的

~ (to sb)

The remote desert area is accessible only by helicopter.

只有乘直升機(jī)才能進(jìn)入那遙遠(yuǎn)的荒漠地區(qū)。

These documents are not accessible to the public.

公眾無(wú)法看到這些文件。

2)容易理解的；易懂的

a programme making science more accessible to young people

一項(xiàng)使科學(xué)更容易為年輕人所了解的計(jì)劃

3)(of a person 人) 易接近的；易相處的；易打交道的

opp: inaccessible

28. accident [??ks?d?nt]

n.

1)（交通）事故；意外遭遇；不測(cè)事件

a car/road/traffic accident

車禍；公路事故；交通事故

He was killed in an accident .

他死于一次車禍。

a serious/minor accident

嚴(yán)重 / 輕微事故

2）意外；偶然的事

Their early arrival was just an accident.

他們?cè)绲絻H僅是偶然而已。

It is no accident that men fill most of the top jobs in nursing.

男人擔(dān)任護(hù)理中大多數(shù)最重要的工作絕非偶然。

by accident 偶然；意外地

We met by accident at the airport.

我們?cè)跈C(jī)場(chǎng)不期而遇。

29. accommodation [??k?m??de??n]? [??kɑ?m??de??n]

n.

1)住處；辦公處；停留處

rented/temporary/furnished accommodation

租的 / 臨時(shí)的 / 有家具的住處

Hotel accommodation is included in the price of your holiday.

你度假的價(jià)款包括旅館住宿在內(nèi)。

2)住宿；膳宿

More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast accommodations in private homes.

愈來(lái)愈多的旅行者在尋找由私人住戶提供住宿和早餐的服務(wù)。

30. accompany [??k?mp?ni]

v.

1)陪同；陪伴

His wife accompanied him on the trip.

那次旅行他由妻子陪同。

2)伴隨；與......同時(shí)發(fā)生

strong winds accompanied by heavy rain

狂風(fēng)夾著暴雨

Each pack contains a book and accompanying CD.

每包內(nèi)裝書一本，并附光盤一張。

31. accomplish [??k?mpl??]

v.完成

The first part of the plan has been safely accomplished.

計(jì)劃的第一部分已順利完成。

I don't feel I've accomplished very much today.

我覺得我今天沒(méi)干成多少事。

32. according to [??k??d?? t?] [??k??rd?? t?]

prep.

1)據(jù)（......所說(shuō)）；按（......所報(bào)道）

According to Mick, it's a great movie.

據(jù)米克說(shuō)，這是一部了不起的電影。

You've been absent six times according to our records.

根據(jù)我們的記錄，你已經(jīng)缺席六次了。

2)依照；按照；根據(jù)

The work was done according to her instructions.

這項(xiàng)工作是依照她的指示辦的。

Everything went according to plan .

一切均按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行。

33. account [??ka?nt]

n.

1)賬戶

I don't have a bank account.

我沒(méi)有銀行賬戶。

2)[usually pl.] 賬目

do the accounts

記賬

the accounts department

會(huì)計(jì)部門

3)（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、電子郵件等的）賬戶，賬號(hào)

an Internet/email account

互聯(lián)網(wǎng) / 電子郵件賬戶

4)描述；敘述；報(bào)告

She gave the police a full account of the incident.

她向警方詳盡地?cái)⑹隽怂l(fā)生的事情。

by/from all accounts

據(jù)說(shuō)；根據(jù)報(bào)道

on account of sb/sth

由于；因?yàn)?/p>

take account of sth

take sth into account

考慮到；顧及

34. accountant [??ka?nt?nt] n.會(huì)計(jì)；會(huì)計(jì)師

35. accumulate [??kju?mj?le?t]

v.積累；積聚

I seem to have accumulated a lot of books.

我好像已經(jīng)收集了很多書。

By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.

她投資精明，積累了一筆財(cái)富。

36. accuracy [??kj?r?si]

n.準(zhǔn)確（性）；精確（程度）

They questioned the accuracy of the information in the file.

他們懷疑檔案中信息的正確性。

She hits the ball with great accuracy.

她擊球十分準(zhǔn)確。

37. accuse [??kju?z]

v.控告；控訴；譴責(zé)

~ sb (of sth)

accuse sb of murder/theft

控告某人謀殺 / 盜竊

She accused him of lying.

她指責(zé)他說(shuō)謊。

38. accustomed [??k?st?md]

adj.

1)習(xí)慣于

syn:used to

become/get accustomed to sth

習(xí)慣于某事物

My eyes slowly grew accustomed to the dark.

我的眼睛慢慢適應(yīng)了黑暗。

2)通常的；慣常的

He took his accustomed seat by the fire.

他在爐火邊慣常坐的座位上坐了下來(lái)。

39. ache [e?k]

v.

1)疼痛；隱痛

syn: hurt

I'm aching all over.

我周身疼痛。

Her eyes ached from lack of sleep.

她的眼睛因睡眠不足而隱隱作痛。

2)渴望

~ for sb/sth

I was aching for home.

我很想回家。

He ached to see her.

他渴望見到她。

n.（身體某部位的）疼痛

an ache in my heart (= a continuous sad feeling)

我心中的隱痛

40. achieve [??t?i?v]

v.

1)（憑長(zhǎng)期努力）達(dá)到（某目標(biāo)、地位、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）

syn: attain

He had finally achieved success.

他終于獲得了成功。

2)完成

syn: accomplish

I haven't achieved very much today.

我今天沒(méi)做成多少事。

3)成功

Their background gives them little chance of achieving at school.

他們的家庭背景使他們很難有機(jī)會(huì)在學(xué)校學(xué)有所成。