第一段

virtually

almost?幾乎；實際上；實質(zhì)上

Their?twins?are virtually?identical.

他們的雙胞胎長得幾乎一模一樣。

unwind

If you unwind something that is?wrapped?around an?object, you?unfasten?it, and if it unwinds, it?becomes?unfastened.?解開，打開，松開（卷繞之物）

In a?nearby?medical?tent, a US Army?doctor?gently?unwinds Metruk's?bandage.

在附近的一個醫(yī)療帳篷里，一名美國軍醫(yī)輕輕解開了麥特魯克的繃帶。

audacious

showing?a?willingness?to take?risks?or?offend?people?大膽的；敢于冒險的；魯莽的；放肆的He?described?the?plan?as?ambitious?and audacious.

他認為這是一項宏偉而大膽的計劃。

第二段

caveman

someone who?lived?in a?cave?in the early?stages?of the?development?of?human?society?穴居人

cumulative

increasing?by one?addition?after another?累積的；漸增的

The cumulative?effect?of using so many?chemicals?on the?land?could be?disastrous.

使用大量化學(xué)物質(zhì)經(jīng)年累月會對土地造成災(zāi)難性的后果。

reversal

the?act?of?changing?or making something?change?to?its?opposite?反向；倒轉(zhuǎn)；倒退；推翻He?demanded?a reversal?of?the?previous?decision/policy.

他要求撤銷原來的決定／廢棄原先的政策。

第三段

bastion

something that?keeps?or?defends?a?belief?or a way of?life?that is?disappearing?or?threatened?堡壘

British?public?schools?are?regarded?as one of the?last?bastions?of?upper-class?privilege.

英國公學(xué)被視為上流階級特權(quán)的最后堡壘之一。

第六段

portfolio

a collection of company shares and other investments that are owned by a particular person or organization?（個人或機構(gòu)的）投資組合

freebie

something that is given to you without you having to pay for it, especially as a way of attracting your support for or interest in something?免費品，贈品

The company's?marketing?rep?was giving out?pens?and?mugs?- the?usual?freebies.

該公司的銷售代表在分發(fā)鋼筆和杯子——都是些常見的贈品。

第七段

prudent

careful?and?avoiding?risks?謹慎的，慎重的；精明的

[?+ to infinitive?]?It's?always prudent?to?read?a?contract?carefully?before?signing?it.簽合同前先好好看一下，這樣做永遠都是明智的。