英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法|句子成分知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)與整理
句子成分巧記歌訣
主謂賓表定狀補(bǔ),?????
七種成分記清楚。
句子主干主謂賓(表),
枝葉成分定狀補(bǔ)。
定語(yǔ)修飾主賓表,?????
賓語(yǔ)之后常有補(bǔ)。
主謂人稱數(shù)一致,????
狀語(yǔ)位置最靈活。
考點(diǎn)對(duì)練1:指出下列句子中劃線部分的成分。(將劃線部分的句子成分寫在橫線上)
1.Jack and Tom are doing?their homework?now.???????賓語(yǔ)???????????????
2.Betty?plantedmany trees and flowerson her farm??????謂語(yǔ)???????????????
3.The boy under the tree is?a policeman.??????表語(yǔ)??????????????
4.We went on a visit to the Great Wall?last week????????狀語(yǔ)??????????????
5.Yangjing was my?best?friend in my childhood.?????定語(yǔ)??????????????
6.He?always?walks in the park after supper with his wife.??????狀語(yǔ)??????????????
7.Mary asked me?to help her?yesterday.?????賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)???????????
8.I bought?my girlfriend a gold ringon her birthday.????雙賓語(yǔ)????????????
9.Mr. Wei?remains?a doctor.??謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)??????
10.The boys and girls?seemed excited?when they heard the news.???系表結(jié)構(gòu)??????????
03
簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型:
簡(jiǎn)單句:由一個(gè)主語(yǔ)(或并列主語(yǔ))和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)(或并列謂語(yǔ))所構(gòu)成的句子。簡(jiǎn)單句分為5種基本句型:
1.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞)
例1:My little sister can swim??very well.?我妹妹游泳游得很好。
主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞)
例2:The planehas already arrived.?飛機(jī)已經(jīng)抵達(dá)。
?主語(yǔ)?????????謂語(yǔ)
2.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ))
例3:The poor passengers?on the real Titanic?saw the tip of the iceberg.
主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)???賓語(yǔ)
泰坦尼克號(hào)上可憐的乘客們看到了冰山的頂部。
例4:The company makes films?. 這家公司制作電影。
主語(yǔ).???謂語(yǔ)??????賓語(yǔ)
例5:Stanley?bought a flat?last year.?Stanley去年買了套公寓。
主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)??賓語(yǔ)
3.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ))
例6:My mother is a scientist. 我母親是個(gè)科學(xué)家。
主語(yǔ)????謂語(yǔ)??表語(yǔ)
例7:She looks young.?她看上去很年輕。
主語(yǔ)??謂語(yǔ)???表語(yǔ)
例8:The cake tastes??very??yummy.?這蛋糕嘗起來(lái)很美味。
主語(yǔ)????謂語(yǔ)????????表語(yǔ)
4.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+雙賓語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ))
例9:My mother bought me a dictionary?yesterday.?我母親昨天給我買了本字典。
主語(yǔ)????謂語(yǔ)?間接賓語(yǔ)?直接賓語(yǔ)
例10:Can you give me the math book??你能給我那本數(shù)學(xué)書嗎?
謂語(yǔ)?主語(yǔ)?謂語(yǔ)?間接賓語(yǔ)?直接賓語(yǔ)
例11:Will you tell us something about your school life?
謂語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 間接賓語(yǔ)?????直接賓語(yǔ)
你給我講講你們的學(xué)習(xí)生活,好嗎?
5.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ))
例12:We must keep our classroom clean and tidy. 我們必須保持教室干凈、整潔。
主語(yǔ)???謂語(yǔ)???????賓語(yǔ)???????賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
例13:My mother asks me to speak English as much as possible.
主語(yǔ)?????謂語(yǔ)?賓語(yǔ)??????賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
我母親要求我盡可能多地講英語(yǔ)。
例14:I heard her singing happily?in the room just now.
主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)?賓語(yǔ)?賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
剛才我聽到她在房間里高興地唱著歌。
考點(diǎn)對(duì)練2:指出下列句子的基本類型
1.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)
2.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)
3.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)
4.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+雙賓語(yǔ)(間賓 +直賓 )
5.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓 + 賓補(bǔ))
1.Plants need water and sun.??????主+ 謂+賓???????
2.The flowersare so fresh and beautiful.????主 + 系 + 表???????
3.The sun rises in the east.???????主 + 謂???????????
4.He gave me some flowers.???主 + 謂 +間賓 +直賓??
5.We should keep the classroom clean and tidy.???????主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)
6.Many animals live in trees.??????主 + 謂???????????
7.Her mother looks very young.?????主 + 系 + 表???????
8.She teaches us English.???主 + 謂 +間賓 +直賓??
9.The children are jumping and laughing happily.?????主 + 謂????????????
10.Our teacher asked us to talk about thequestions in pairs.??主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)??
11. He often tells me some interesting stories.??主 + 謂 +間賓 +直賓???
12.The students must keep their eyes closed.???主?+?謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)??