【物種譯名】海員角超科Nautilaceae全物種譯名
前言：
Nautilaceae在國內(nèi)一般被稱作“鸚鵡螺超科”，但是“鸚鵡螺”這個名稱自身就包含著不少不合理的地方。關(guān)于“鸚鵡螺”這個名字最早的來源大概是“鸚鵡杯”這類呈酒器具，很多古代詩人就對其有記載，就比如唐代盧照鄰的“漢代金吾千騎來，翡翠屠蘇鸚鵡杯”，杜甫的《鸚鵡杯詩》等，而加上的“螺”大概是指其正體為一類具有殼的軟體動物。
但是在一般的中文語境下“螺”通常指腹足綱動物Gastropod，用在屬于頭足綱Cephalopod上明顯有失偏頗，按照這個邏輯，羊角石亞綱Ammonoidea都應該叫XX螺，也犯不著叫XX石了（同時“菊石”這個名詞本身也來自日本對于Ammonoidea化石的稱呼，很多類群在中文命名的語境下詞源相當混亂）。同時，Nautilus作為屬名也并沒有直接指代作為螺，其詞源?ναυτ?λο?僅直接明了的代表英文‘sailor’即海員。換句話說，“鸚鵡螺”這個名字算是以本土對使用了Nautilus屬物種的外殼制作的酒杯的名稱+對其殼體產(chǎn)生的意象拼湊起來的。不過不使用“鸚鵡螺”作為該類物種譯名的核心原因只有兩個：1. 不符合其原始詞源 2. 特別容易疊殺人書。
更進一步的，在Nautiloidea這個類群下，不少物種并非使用nautilus作為詞尾，而是用 -ceras (kéras)?'horn'?作為詞尾，按照常理是可以沿用已有的“角石”作為其譯名，然而壞就壞在Ammonoidea類群下有不少物種的分類單元都是用-ceras作為詞尾，就比如Pinacoceratoidea、Phylloceratina、Ceratitoidea等類群，這些類群如果做詞源譯名總不能統(tǒng)一叫做“角石”了吧。在已有的中文語境下“角石”有且僅指Nautiloidea，如果沿用“角石”則很有可能會和未定名的Ammonoidea物種（該分類十分混亂，更麻煩的是不少屬級單位根本就沒有中文名，如果在未來進行定名很有可能會發(fā)生沖突）造成一定程度的混亂，故在本文中所有Nautiloidea的物種譯名將綁定“角”使用，而未來對Ammonoidea的譯名工作則綁定“石”，畢竟前者依然存在現(xiàn)代物種，而后者早就因為K–Pg滅絕事件被一鍋端，變成地層中的石頭了。
人名采用X氏或者XX氏，而地名則選擇全部音譯，剩下的詞源直接就標注在了[ ]內(nèi)，有興趣的話可以去查查看。?
鑒于化石物種數(shù)量過多，且化石圖片相對稀缺、鑒別困難，故只展示一種作為示例圖。
角標：
> Order 目
>> Superfamily 超科
>>> Family 科
>>>> Genus 屬
[ ] Species 種
{ } Subspecies 亞種
? = Extinct 滅絕物種
[… ‘’]: Etymology 詞源
(type): Type species 模式物種
Loc.: Location 地名
Nam.: Name 人名
S.P.: Specific Person 特定人物
Per.: Period 時期
Cul.: Culture 文化/部落名
(?): Uncertain 不確定
正文：
這里僅包括Nautilaceae物種，之后的類群會逐漸補齊。
>海員角目Nautilida Agassiz, 1847
>>海員角超科Nautilaceae Blainville, 1825
>>>海員角科Nautilidae Blainville, 1825
>>>>海員角屬Nautilus Linnaeus, 1758 [nautilus ‘sailor’]
國王海員角N. pompilius Linnaeus, 1758 [S.P. Numa Pompilius (?)] (type)
{模式亞種N. pompilius pompilius Linnaeus, 1758}
{蘇祿亞種N. pompilius suluensis Habe & Okutani, 1988 [Loc. Sulu Archipelago]}
示圖：
帕勞海員角N. belauensis Saunders, 1981 [Loc. Palau]
示圖：
巨目海員角N. macromphalus Sowerby, 1848 [macro + omphalus]
示圖：
窄目海員角N. stenomphalus Sowerby, 1848 [steno- + omphalus]
示圖：
?早國王海員角N. praepompilius Shimansky, 1957 [prae- + pompilius]
示圖：
>>>>歧海員角屬Allonautilus Ward & Saunders, 1997 [allo- + nautilus]
具孔歧海員角A. scrobiculatus (type) (Lightfoot, 1786) [scrobis]
示圖：
穿孔歧海員角A. perforatus (Conrad, 1847) [perforatus]
示圖：
>>>>?棱海員角屬Carinonautilus Spengler, 1910 [carin + nautilus]
阿里耶盧爾棱海員角C. ariyalurensis (type) Spengler, 1910 [Loc. Ariyalur]
示圖：
【暫無】
>>>>?新生角屬Cenoceras Hyatt, 1884 [καιν?? + ceras]
示圖：
?中介新生角C. intermedium (Sowerby, 1816) [intermedium] (type)
?埃德內(nèi)特新生角C. adneticus Pia, 1914 [Loc. Adnet]
?邊界新生角C. affinis (Chapuis and Dewalque, 1853) [affinis]
?脆石新生角C. altisiphites (Prinz, 1906) [altis + phites]
?阿氏新生角C. amoretti Parona, 1897 [Nam. Amorett]
?環(huán)形新生角C. annulare (Phillips, 1829) [ānulāris]
?犁新生角C. arare (Dumortier, 1869) [arāre]
?犁形新生角C. arariformis Pia, 1914 [arare + formis]
?詩人新生角C. aratus (Quenstedt, 1846) [S.P. Aratus]
?似龍蝦新生角C. astacoides (Young and Bird, 1832) [astac + oides]
?奧地利新生角C. austriacus (Hauer, 1856) [Loc. Austria]
?巴氏新生角C. baberi (Morris and Lycett, 1850) [Nam. Baber]
?培根新生角C. baconicus (Vadasz, 1910) [Loc. Bacon]
?巴薩氏新生角C. balsamocrivellii Parona, 1897 [Nam. Balsam ocrivelli]
?貝爾蒙特新生角C. belmontense Rulleau, 2008 [Loc. Belmont]
?風神新生角C. boreale Dagys & Sobolev, 1988 [S.P. Βορ???]
?布拉德福德新生角C. bradfordense Crick, 1898 [Loc. Bradford]
?布氏新生角C. brancoi (Gemmellaro, 1884) [Nam. Branco]
?伯氏新生角C. breislacki Parona, 1897 [Nam. Breislack]
?智利新生角C. chilensis (Huppe, 1854) [Loc. Chile]
?西氏新生角C. ciryi Rulleau, 2008 [Nam. Ciry]
?戴謨恩新生角C. demonensis Gemmellaro, 1911 [Loc. Demonen (?)]
?杜爾馬新生角C. dhrumaense Tinant, 1987 [Loc. Dhurma (?)]
?迪氏新生角C. distefanoi Gemmellaro, 1911 [Nam. Distefano]
?多梅伊科新生角C. domeykus (d'Orbigny, 1842) [Loc. Cordillera Domeyko]
?極佳新生角C. egregius Pia, 1914 [egregious ‘excellent’]
?艾瑞艾新生角C. erycinus Tagliarini, 1901 [Loc. Eryc]
?剝腦新生角C. exterebratus Crick, 1898 [excerebratus ‘deprived of brains’]
??氏新生角C. fischeranus (Foord and Crick, 1890) [Nam. Fischer (?)]
?富氏新生角C. foordi Tinant, 1984 [Nam. Foord]
?蓋氏新生角C. geyeri (Prinz, 1906) [Nam. Geyer]
?伊氏新生角C. imlayi Kummel, 1954 [Nam. Imlay]
?不浮新生角C. impendens Crick, 1898 [im- + pendeo]
?喬氏新生角C. jourdani (Dumortier, 1874) [Nam. Jourdan]
?朱利安新生角C. julianus (Fucini, 1895) [Loc. Julian (?)]
?具線新生角C. lineatum (Sowerby, 1813) [līneātum]
?弱線新生角C. lineolatum Foord and Crick, 1890 [lineo- + lātum]
?魯氏新生角C. lupheri Kummel, 1954 [Nam. Lupher]
?大新生角C. majesticum Rulleau, 2008 [majestatem]
?麥氏新生角C. malherbii (Terquem, 1855) [Nam. Malherbi]
?瑪氏新生角C. mariani Gemmellaro, 1911 [Nam. Marian]
?瑪扎德克新生角C. mazardrikense (Sarker, 1964) [ Loc. Mazar Drik]
?馬扎拉新生角C. mazzarensis Tagliarini, 1901 [Loc. Mazzara]
?梅氏新生角C. meyrati (Ooster, 1858) [Nam. Meyrat]
?多線新生角C. multiseptatum (Foord and Crick, 1890) [multi + septatum ‘sepire’, the structure that appear in the nautilus’ shells for segmenting the gas chamber]
?腫殼新生角C. obesum (Sowerby, 1816) [obēsum]
?阻新生角C. obstructum (Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1878) [obstrūctum]
?飾裝新生角C. ornatum (Foord and Crick, 1890) [ōrnātum]
?帕氏新生角C. paretoi Gemmellaro, 1911 [Nam. Pareto]
?極飾新生角C. perornatus Crick, 1894 [per- + orantus]
?極頂新生角C. pertextum (Dumortier, 1867) [per- + textum]
?比薩新生角C. pisanus (Fucini, 1895) [Loc. Pisa]
?深石新生角C. profundisiphites (Prinz, 1906) [profundis + phites]
?偽褶新生角C. pseudorugosus Pia, 1914 [pseudo- + rugosus]
?偽殘新生角C. pseudotruncatum (Crick, 1931) [psedo- + truncatum]
?五角新生角C. quadrangularis Pia, 1914 [quadra + angularis]
?圓新生角C. rotundum (Hyatt, 1894) [rotundus ‘round, polished’]
?多褶新生角C. rugosus (Buvignier, 1852) [rugosus]
?薩德新生角C. saoudense Tinant, 1987 [Loc. Oued Saouden (?)]
?施氏新生角C. schmidti (Giebel, 1852) [Nam. schmidt]
?切剪新生角C. secernendus Pia, 1914 [sēcernendus ‘which is to be severed’]
?半飾新生角C. semiornatus Crick, 1898 [semi- + ornatus]
?半紋新生角C. semistriatum (d'Orbigny, 1843) [semi- + striatum]
?謝氏新生角C. semseyi (Prinz, 1904) [Nam. Semsey]
?極似新生角C. simillimum (Foord and Crick, 1890) [simillimus]
?史氏新生角C. smithi (Foord and Crick, 1890) [Nam. Simith]
?斯普氏新生角C. spreaficoi Parona, 1897 [Nam. Spreafico]
?斯托氏新生角C. stoppanii Parona, 1897 [Nam. Stoppani]
?條紋新生角C. striatum (Sowerby, 1817) [striatum]
?斯氏新生角C. sturi (Hauer, 1856) [Nam. stur]
?蒂氏新生角C. thiollieri Tinant, 1998 [Nam. Thiollier]
?蒂倫新生角C. thyrrenus Tagliarini, 1901 [Loc. Thyrren sea (?)]
?托爾階新生角C. toarcense (d'Orbigny, 1850) [Per. toarcian]
?特氏新生角C. trechmanni (Kummel, 1953) [Nam. Trechmann]
?三棱新生角C. tricarinatus (Vadasz, 1910) [tri- + carinatus]
?殘新生角C. truncates (Sowerby, 1816) [truncatus]
?塞氏新生角C. zignoi Gemmellaro, 1886 [Nam. Zigno]
>>>>?真厚角屬Eutrephoceras Hyatt, 1894 [eu- + tréphō + ceras]
示圖：
?迪氏真厚角E. dekayi (Morton, 1834) [Nam. DeKay] (type)
?阿爾滕真厚角E. ahltenense (Schulter, 1876) [Loc. Ahlten]
?阿克斯真厚角E. alcesense Reeside, 1927 [Loc. Alces]
?艾氏真厚角E. allani C.A.Fleming, 1945 [Nam. Allan]
?阿氏真厚角E. allionii (Michelotti, 1840) []
?安哥拉真厚角E. angolaense Wiedmann, 1960 [Loc. Angola]
?南極真厚角E. antarcticum Cichowolski et al., 2005 [antarcticus ‘Antarctic’]
?阿斯忒真厚角E. astierianum (d'Orbigny, 1850) [Loc. Astier]
?阿扎克真厚角E. azraqensis Al-Harithi & Ibrahim, 1992 [Loc. Azraq]
?弒怪者真厚角E. bellerophon (Lundgren, 1867) [S.P. Bellerophon; Greek mythology, the great hero and monster slayer]
?拜氏真厚角E. berryi Miller, 1947 [Nam. Berry]
?布氏真厚角E. blanki Shimansky, 1975 [Nam. Blank]
?博氏真厚角E. boissieri (Pictet, 1866) [Nam. Boissier]
?布查德真厚角E. bouchardianum (d'Orbigny, 1840) [Loc. Bouchard (?)]
?布魯杜哈真厚角E. burundukhajense Shimansky, 1975 [Loc. Burundukhaj (?)]
?坎氏真厚角E. campbelli (Meek, 1861) [Nam. Campbell]
?卡羅萊納真厚角E. carolinense Kellum, 1926 [Loc. Carolina]
?莎氏真厚角E. charpentieri (Leymerie, 1851) [Nam. Charpentier]
?克拉蒙特真厚角E. claramontanum Kuhn, 1939 [Loc. Claramont (?)]
?克萊蒙特真厚角E. clementinum (d'Orbigny, 1840) [Loc. Clement (?)]
?達氏真厚角E. dartevellei Miller, 1951 [Nam. Dartevelle]
?達若普真厚角E. darupense (Schluter, 1876) [Loc. Darup]
?相似真厚角E. decorum Shimansky, 1975 [decorus ‘seemly’]
?扁平真厚角E. depressum (van Binckhorst, 1861) [dēpressus]
?頓巴斯真厚角E. donbassicum Shimansky, 1975 [Loc. Donbas]
?杜林氏真厚角E. dorbignyanum (Forbes, 1846) [Nam. d'Orbigny]
?杜威林真厚角E. douvillei Spath, 1927 [Loc. Douville]
?杜氏真厚角E. dubaleni (Peyrot, 1932) [Nam. Dubalen]
?延展真厚角E. expansum (Sowerby, 1824) [expansum ‘spread or open, extend’]
?艾氏真厚角E. eyerdami Palmer, 1961 [Nam. Eyerdam]
?法克斯真厚角E. faxoense Hyatt, 1894 [Loc. Faxoe]
?焰色真厚角E. flammeum (Ronchetti, 1947) [flammeus]
?吉隆真厚角E. geelongensis Foord, 1891 [Loc. Geelong]
?球形真厚角E. globosum Tinant, 1987 [globosum]
?哈氏真厚角E. hacobjani Shimansky, 1974 [Nam. Hacobijan]
?浩氏真厚角E. hallidayi Waring, 1914 [Nam. Halliday]
?漢氏真厚角E. hannai Vokes, 1937 [Nam. Hamma (?)]
?印度真厚角E. indicum (d'Orbigny, 1850) [Loc. India]
?獨特真厚角E. insigne Shimansky, 1975 [insignis]
?伊瑞提拉真厚角E. irritilasi Ifrim et al., 2013 [Cul. Irritilas (?)]
?出云真厚角E. izumoensis Yokoyama, 1913 [Loc. Izumo]
?日本真厚角E. japonicus Shimizu, 1926 [Loc. Japan]
?約氏真厚角E. johnsoni Miller, 1947 [Nam. Johnson]
?瓊氏真厚角E. jonesi Miller & Thompson, 1933 [Nam. Jones]
?正真厚角石E. justum (Blanford, 1861) [justus ‘just’]
?卡氏真厚角E. kummeli Wiedmann, 1960 [Nam. Kummel (?)]
?拉氏真厚角E. laverdei Durham, 1946 [Nam. Laverde]
?長形真厚角E. lentiforme (Stoliczka, 1866) [lencten ‘spring, Lent’ + -form]
?里氏真厚角E. leonei (Negri, 1934) [Nam. Leone]
?馬氏真厚角E. marksi Miller, 1947 [Nam. Marks]
?梅氏真厚角E. merteni Wiedmann, 1960 []
?蒙大拿真厚角E. montanaense (Meek, 1876) [Loc. Montana]
?蒙大拿州真厚角E. montanensis Kummel, 1954 [Loc. Montana]
?蒙特莫里真厚角E. montmollini (Pictet and Campiche, 1859) [Loc. Montmollin (?)]
?莫氏真厚角E. moskvini Shimansky, 1975 [Nam. Moskvini (?)]
?侍者真厚角E. municeps Shimansky, 1975 [munus + ceps]
?野田氏真厚角E. nodai Matsumoto, 1983 [Nam. Noda]
?閉合真厚角E. occlusum Crick, 1907 [occlūsus]
?俄勒岡真厚角E. oregonense Miller, 1947 [Loc. Oregon]
?小卵真厚角E. ovoideum Crick, 1907 [ovo ‘egg’ + -ideum ‘diminutive’]
?巴黎真厚角E. parisiense Deshayes, 1865 [Loc. Paris]
?傳達真厚角E. perlatus (Morton, 1834) [perlātus ‘conveyed’]
?平腹真厚角E. planoventer Stephenson, 1941 [plano + venter]
?四線真厚角E. quadrilineatum (Favre, 1869) [quadrilīneātum ‘four-lined’]
?瑞氏真厚角E. reesidei Stenzel, 1940 [Nam. Reesidei]
?皇家真厚角E. regale Sowerby, (?) [rēgāle]
?圓形真厚角E. rotundum Crick, 1898 [rotundus]
?斯氏真厚角E. sloani Reeside, 1924 [Nam. Sloan]
?曾屋真厚角E. soyaense Matsumoto & Miyauchi, 1983 [Loc. Soya]
?斯貝克真厚角E. spec Miller & Downs, 1950 [spec]
?斯賓氏真厚角E. spengleri Wiedmann, 1960 [Nam. Spengler]
?螺旋真厚角E. sphaericum Kummel, 1956 [sphaericus]
?斯蒂芬氏真厚角E. stephensoni Dickerson, 1914 [Nam. Stephenson]
?弱滑真厚角E. sublaevigatum (d'Orbigny, 1850) [sub- + laevigatus]
?弱圓真厚角E. subrotundum Crick, 1898 [sub- + rotundus]
?塔瓦真厚角E. tawaense Furuichi, 1982 [Loc. Tawae]
?湯氏真厚角E. thomi Reeside, (?) [Nam. Thom]
?特氏真厚角E. traubi Schultz, 1976 [Nam. Traub]
?腫體真厚角E. tumescens Frauscher, 1895 [tumēscēns]
?埃滕哈赫真厚角E. uitenhagense Spath, 1930 [Loc. Uitenhage, now Kariega (?)]
?軍艦真厚角E. umbilicare Deshayes, 1835 [umbilicare ‘naval’]
?城市真厚角E. urbanum (Sowerby, 1843) [urbānus]
?烏茲真厚角E. uzense Shimansky, 1975 [Loc. Land of Uz]
?廢土真厚角E. vastum (Kner, 1850) [vāstum]
?瓦氏真厚角E. waageni Gemmellaro, 1886 [Nam. Waagen]
>>>>?偽新生角屬Pseudocenoceras Spath, (1927) [pseudo + ceno + ceras]
示圖：
?拉吉里特偽新生角P. largilliertianum (d'Orbigny, 1840) [Loc. Largilliert (?)] (type)
?扁形偽新生角P. applanatum (Zittel, 1902) [applanatum ‘flatten (planar) shaped’]
?阿茨亞偽新生角P. archiacianum (d'Orbigny, 1840) [Loc. Archaic (?)]
?堪氏偽新生角P. campichei (Karakasch, 1907) [Nam. Campiche]
?菲氏偽新生角P. fittoni (Sharpe, 1853) [Nam. Fitton]
?意外偽新生角P. incautum Shimansky, 1975 [incautus ‘unexpected’]
?侍從偽新生角P. nomenclator Shimansky, 1975 [nōmenclātor]
?長形偽新生角P. procerum Shimansky, 1975 [prōcērus ‘long’]
?近似偽新生角P. proximum Shimansky, 1975 [proximus]
?冗余偽新生角P. supervacuum Shimansky, 1975 [super ‘a(chǎn)bove’ + vacuus ‘vacant’ supervacuum ‘redundant’]
?瓦氏偽新生角P. warsanofievie Shimansky, 1951 [Nam. Varsanofieva]
?禮品偽新生角P. xenium Shimansky, 1975 [xenium ‘present’]
>>>>?線紋海員角屬Strionautilus Shimanskiy, (1951) [strio- + nautilus]
[暫無記錄物種]
