Introduction簡介

Due to the dynamic nature of technological changes and dataintegrity requirements companies are faced with the challenge of frequentlymigrating data from legacy systems.

基于不斷變化的技術(shù)新變革和數(shù)據(jù)完整性新需求，公司常常面對(duì)著如何從舊有系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)中遷移數(shù)據(jù)的挑戰(zhàn)。

Data migration can be very challenging and can create dataintegrity issues if not executed with an adequate strategy.

如果沒有一個(gè)合適的指導(dǎo)策略，數(shù)據(jù)遷移可能會(huì)存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并且引起數(shù)據(jù)完整性問題。

One of the biggest challenges is that companies fail to understandthe magnitude and impact of migrating data from legacy systems whilemaintaining data integrity.

其中一個(gè)最大最普遍的問題就是在評(píng)估數(shù)據(jù)遷移行動(dòng)中的數(shù)據(jù)完整性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)，受影響公司常常沒有正確評(píng)估從舊有系統(tǒng)遷移數(shù)據(jù)的體量和其造成的影響。

Prior to the execution of projects that require data migrationcompanies need to understand the risk impact of the legacy data that requiresmigration.

在實(shí)施數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目前，公司應(yīng)該充分理解評(píng)估從舊有系統(tǒng)遷移數(shù)據(jù)引起的關(guān)聯(lián)影響。

Based on the risk impact of the legacy data companies need todefine a data migration strategy that enables compliance with data integrity regulatoryrequirements.

基于舊有數(shù)據(jù)遷移的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估，公司需要定義數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略來確保行動(dòng)全程的數(shù)據(jù)完整性合規(guī)性。

This article will discuss data integrity strategies during thedata migration of legacy systems.?

本文將主要討論舊有系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)遷移過程中數(shù)據(jù)完整性策略：

Data Migration Challenges

數(shù)據(jù)遷移過程中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)

The drivers for migrating data from legacy systems may bedifferent from one company to the other but they typically include thefollowing:

驅(qū)使公司進(jìn)行舊有系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)遷移的原因可能各不相同，但典型理由如下:

• Obsolete technology

• 技術(shù)更新?lián)Q代

• New regulatory requirements that legacy systems are unable to meet

• 新法律法規(guī)導(dǎo)致舊有系統(tǒng)無法滿足合規(guī)性需求

• Vendor no longer supporting the technology

• 供應(yīng)商不再提供技術(shù)支持（例如：?美東時(shí)間4月8日夜晚12點(diǎn)之后，微軟就停止支持Windows?XP）

• Vendor goes out of business

• 供應(yīng)商破產(chǎn)

• Vendor is taken over by another business

• 供應(yīng)商業(yè)務(wù)被第三方收購

• Business decision to replace legacy system

• 高層商業(yè)決定，決定舊有系統(tǒng)淘汰

There are several challenges that need to be well understood andmanaged to reduce or eliminate any data integrity compliance risk.

以下有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)遷移的事項(xiàng)，需要特別注意以減少或者消除數(shù)據(jù)完整性合規(guī)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

Some of these challenges include the following:

包括如下:

• Clear understanding of which data must be migrated

• 清晰了解哪些數(shù)據(jù)需要被遷移?（例如master file，?metadata，audit trail record, etc.）

• Clear understanding of the risk impact of the data

• 清晰了解這些數(shù)據(jù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響（例如Impact in business/function/process）

• Ensuring data integrity during the migration process

• 在整個(gè)遷移過程中確保數(shù)據(jù)完整性（例如?test in test environment with live data firstly, parallel run, go-liveperiod?）

• Defining an adequate data migration strategy

• 定義一個(gè)合適的數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略

• Defining an adequate data migration verification strategy

• 定義一個(gè)合適的數(shù)據(jù)遷移驗(yàn)證策略（Data availability test, Data Integrity test）

Another challenge is developing a clear understanding of the typeof data that will be migrated including the following attributes:

另一方面，我們需要從以下方面對(duì)所遷移數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)類型進(jìn)行評(píng)估：

• Legacy data format

• 舊有數(shù)據(jù)的格式（Read-only or editable ? Open data or Encrypted Data?）

• New system data format

• 新系統(tǒng)要求數(shù)據(jù)的格式

• Legacy data size

• 舊有數(shù)據(jù)的大小容量

• Legacy data regulatory impact

• 舊有數(shù)據(jù)在法規(guī)上影響（GxP，?Privacy Information，海關(guān)，SoX美國業(yè)務(wù)，?GDPR歐盟業(yè)務(wù)）

• Legacy data retention period ?

• 舊有數(shù)據(jù)的保存年限（藥品的有效期，?GDP的定義）

One of the biggest issues with data migration is that companiesnormally don’t understand the data that needs to be migrated. ?Thiscreates the challenge that very often companies end up migrating data that doesnot need to be migrated to the new environment. This issue is driven by thelack of understanding of the record retention requirements of the legacy data.Data migration should only include data that is currently under recordretention requirements that must be migrated to the new system. Migrating onlyrelevant data enables efficiency and cost control during data migrationprojects.

數(shù)據(jù)遷移問題里最大的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)就是公司實(shí)際上一般不理解（哪些）數(shù)據(jù)需要遷移。所以公司最后經(jīng)常把舊系統(tǒng)的所有數(shù)據(jù)遷移到新系統(tǒng)來完成項(xiàng)目（舉例：而這樣操作的問題是：并不是所有數(shù)據(jù)都需要遷入新系統(tǒng)；遷入過多無用數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)致?-1.遷移后數(shù)據(jù)完整性測試任務(wù)量增加，?2.?新系統(tǒng)因?yàn)閿?shù)據(jù)過多導(dǎo)致運(yùn)行效率降低和備份時(shí)間過長）。這個(gè)（簡單粗暴遷移所有數(shù)據(jù)）問題的產(chǎn)生源自對(duì)舊有數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)保存要求沒正確的認(rèn)知。數(shù)據(jù)遷移應(yīng)當(dāng)僅限于數(shù)據(jù)保存期的數(shù)據(jù)方才被要求遷移入新系統(tǒng)。這樣僅遷移相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的做法有助于幫助數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率和合理成本控制。

The risk impact of the legacy data need to be very well understoodprior to data migration . Data that has direct impact on Critical ProcessParameters and Critical Quality Attributes is considered critical data that hasa high-risk impact. The risk impact of the legacy data isa critical input intothe data migration strategy and planning.?

在實(shí)施數(shù)據(jù)遷移之前，舊有數(shù)據(jù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)該被充分理解評(píng)估。直接影響CPP（關(guān)鍵工藝參數(shù)）和CQA（關(guān)鍵質(zhì)量屬性）的數(shù)據(jù)將被定義為高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。舊有系統(tǒng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估報(bào)告將作為一個(gè)重要參考引入數(shù)據(jù)遷移的策略和計(jì)劃的制定。（舉例：在準(zhǔn)備?Data Migration Plan之前，應(yīng)完成Blue Prints of Process Flow, High RiskField Assessment according to CPP and CQA.）

Maintaining data integrity during data migration projects iscritical from a compliance and business perspective. Data integrity is acritical regulatory requirement that needs to be part of the data migrationstrategy. ?The data migration strategy needs to be documented along withdeliverables required to execute the data migration. The data migrationstrategy needs to ensure that the data will not be altered or lost during thedata migration activities. The data migration strategy need to include alertsand notification of errors and failures during the data migration process.

從合規(guī)及商業(yè)角度來看，在整個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目中維持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)完整性都是十分重要的。數(shù)據(jù)完整性是合規(guī)性要求的重要一環(huán)，需要在數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略中得以體現(xiàn)。數(shù)據(jù)遷移戰(zhàn)略需要與執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)遷移所需的可交付成果一起記錄。數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略需要確保在數(shù)據(jù)遷移活動(dòng)期間數(shù)據(jù)不會(huì)被改變或丟失。（舉例：為防止?jié)撛诘膁ata loss，在新系統(tǒng)go alive后，試運(yùn)行三個(gè)月之前，舊有系統(tǒng)可以并行運(yùn)行，將來也可以凍結(jié)使用而非直接刪除）數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略需要在數(shù)據(jù)遷移過程中包含警報(bào)和錯(cuò)誤和失敗通知功能。

To ensure that the goals of the data migration strategy areproperly executed companies need to develop a solid data migration verificationprocess. The data migration verification activities are intended to demonstrateand provide documented evidence that data integrity was maintained during thedata migration process.
為確保數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略的目標(biāo)得到正確執(zhí)行，公司需要設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)可靠的數(shù)據(jù)遷移驗(yàn)證流程。數(shù)據(jù)遷移驗(yàn)證活動(dòng)旨在展示數(shù)據(jù)遷移過程中保持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)完整性的文件證據(jù)。（舉例：完整的證明文件鏈Data Migration Plan，Impact and Risk Assessment，?Re-Qualification test Protocol andReport，etc）

Data formats are a critical attribute that needs to be very wellunderstood prior to data migration and included as an input in the strategy.Compatibility issues related to data format are a common problem oftenoverlooked by companies prior to data migration. ?

在數(shù)據(jù)遷移之前，數(shù)據(jù)的格式問題也是一個(gè)需要提前考慮的問題。在很多公司的數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目，兼容性問題常常被忽視。（舉例：如果單純的GMP Manufacturing – QA、生產(chǎn)部和QC?作為Process Owner?可以發(fā)起數(shù)據(jù)遷移，但是新系統(tǒng)可行性論證最好有system owner IT，工程部和?technical specialist from vendor?參與）

The size of the legacy data it is another critical attribute thatneeds to be well understood prior to data migration. The size of the legacydata can be impacted by any data conversion that need to occur during the migrationprocess. When migrating data to a cloud environment companies need to clearlyunderstand the legacy data size requirements and future disk and memory spaceneeded to manage the data during its lifecycle.?

舊有數(shù)據(jù)的大小是數(shù)據(jù)遷移之前需要充分理解的另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵屬性。舊有數(shù)據(jù)的大小可能會(huì)受到遷移過程中需要發(fā)生的任何數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換的影響。同時(shí)將數(shù)據(jù)遷移到云環(huán)境時(shí)，公司需要清楚地了解傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)大小要求以及在其生命周期中管理數(shù)據(jù)所需的未來磁盤和內(nèi)存空間。（簡單來說：新系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)不能簡單考慮目前，需要考慮未來5-10年的data growth。同時(shí)基于商業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)敏感及客戶數(shù)據(jù)私隱的要求，cloud service在醫(yī)藥企業(yè)并不非常普及，醫(yī)藥企業(yè)并不傾向于委托第三方存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)，ERP等軟件的運(yùn)營也由企業(yè)自己承擔(dān)，但是作為IT技術(shù)先行者，銀行業(yè)和保險(xiǎn)業(yè)已經(jīng)逐漸普及Cloud Service，甚至是取代ERP的SaaS - Software as a Service）有時(shí)被作為“即需即用軟件”【好處在于避免了頻繁系統(tǒng)升級(jí)對(duì)客戶帶來的Re-validation?工作，Service供應(yīng)商中央一次升級(jí)完成】）。

In summary, one of the biggest challenges with data migrationprojects is the lack of adequate understanding of this task, includingplanning, strategy and understanding of the critical data attributes that needto be well managed and understood.

總之，數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)之一是缺乏對(duì)此任務(wù)的充分理解，包括需要妥善管理和理解的關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)屬性的規(guī)劃，策略和理解。

The next section of this article will provide strategies and ideasabout managing and controlling the data integrity risk associated with datamigration projects.

本文的下一部分將提供有關(guān)管理和控制與數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)完整性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的策略和理念。

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Data Migration Strategies & Solutions

數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略與方案

The migration strategy and planning can be initiated oncecompanies develop an understanding of the data that needs to be migrated, therisk and regulatory impact.

當(dāng)公司充分了解需要遷移的數(shù)據(jù)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和監(jiān)管影響，就可以啟動(dòng)遷移策略和規(guī)劃的制定。

During the strategy and planning companies need to evaluate theiroptions prior to data migration which includes the following:

在策略和規(guī)劃期間，公司需要在數(shù)據(jù)遷移實(shí)施之前評(píng)估他們的選擇，其中包括以下內(nèi)容

• Archiving歸檔

• Keeping legacy data read-only將舊有數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)為“只讀性”

• Hybrid approach紙質(zhì)和電子并行

• Full migration整體遷移

Data archiving is the process of moving data that is no longeractively used to a separate storage location for long term retention. Beforeconsidering archiving, companies need to consider the following factors:
數(shù)據(jù)歸檔是將不再主動(dòng)使用的數(shù)據(jù)移動(dòng)到單獨(dú)的存儲(chǔ)位置進(jìn)行長期保留的過程。在考慮歸檔之前，公司需要考慮以下因素：

• How often the company need to access the data

• 公司訪問（舊有）數(shù)據(jù)的頻率有多高（因?yàn)锳rchived Data?需要re-install?才能被訪問，太高訪問頻率則不建議歸檔）

• Criticality of the data

• 數(shù)據(jù)的重要性

• High amount of data manipulation required to move to the newsolution

• 遷移到新系統(tǒng)所需要的大量數(shù)據(jù)操作（因?yàn)闅w檔的數(shù)據(jù)越多，則遷移的數(shù)據(jù)越少，數(shù)據(jù)遷移的實(shí)施與驗(yàn)證越容易）

• Project budget constraints

• 項(xiàng)目預(yù)算限制

• Regulatory impact

• 法規(guī)要求（參考Data Retention Period in Company Policy and Regulatory Requirement）

• Data must be retrievable and accessible during retention period

• 數(shù)據(jù)保留期間，數(shù)據(jù)必需可以被訪問（因?yàn)锳rchived Data?需要re-install?才能被訪問，這個(gè)re-stall的動(dòng)作和archiving data的數(shù)據(jù)完整性必需被驗(yàn)證）

Keeping the data read-only also requires consideration of thefollowing factors:

保持（遷移）數(shù)據(jù)只讀性主要基于以下考慮：

• Cost associated with maintenance and licenses

• （舊系統(tǒng)）維持和授權(quán)費(fèi)用（因?yàn)閮鼋Y(jié)舊有系統(tǒng)，保持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)只讀性之后，maintenanceand licenses?cost?大大減少）

• Limiting access to data?

• 限制數(shù)據(jù)的訪問

• No data changes

• 防止數(shù)據(jù)篡改（如果凍結(jié)退休舊有系統(tǒng)，只讀性數(shù)據(jù)可以保護(hù)這部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)完整性）

• Data record retention requirements

• 數(shù)據(jù)保留的要求

Archiving and making data read-only are options that should beconsider as part of the strategy and planning phase during data migrationprojects.
在數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目中，將數(shù)據(jù)歸檔和數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為只讀應(yīng)作為戰(zhàn)略和計(jì)劃階段的一部分。

Part of the data migration strategy and planning requiresdocumented deliverables that are intended to define and document the datamigration strategy and related verification.

數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略和規(guī)劃的一部分需要記錄的可交付成果，旨在定義和記錄數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略和相關(guān)驗(yàn)證。

For data migration projects companies need to create and executethe following deliverables:

可交付成果的舉例如下：

• Data risk and impact assessment數(shù)據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及影響評(píng)估

• Data Migration Plan數(shù)據(jù)遷移計(jì)劃

• Data Migration Protocol數(shù)據(jù)遷移方案

• Data Migration Summary Report數(shù)據(jù)遷移總結(jié)報(bào)告

The data risk impact assessment is a critical activity that needsto be documented very early prior to any data migration activities. The datarisk impact assessment is intended to provide the risk impact and level of thedata that needs to be migrated. The data risk impact assessment is a key inputto the overall migration strategy and plan.

數(shù)據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及影響評(píng)估是一項(xiàng)重要的活動(dòng)，需要在任何數(shù)據(jù)遷移活動(dòng)之前盡早實(shí)施。數(shù)據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響評(píng)估旨在提供需要遷移的數(shù)據(jù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響和級(jí)別。數(shù)據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響評(píng)估是整體遷移策略和計(jì)劃的重要內(nèi)容。

Once the data risk and impact assessment is completed then theData Migration Plan. The Data Migration Plan is intended to define and documentthe overall migration strategy and deliverables.
一旦數(shù)據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和影響評(píng)估完成，那么數(shù)據(jù)遷移計(jì)劃。數(shù)據(jù)遷移計(jì)劃旨在定義和記錄整個(gè)遷移策略和可交付成果。

The Data Migration Plan should include the following information:
數(shù)據(jù)遷移計(jì)劃應(yīng)包含以下信息：

• Purpose目的

• Scope范圍

• Roles and Responsibilities角色與責(zé)任

• Migration Strategy遷移策略

• Deliverables可交付文件

• Data Migration Verification Strategy數(shù)據(jù)遷移驗(yàn)證策略

• Data Risk Impact Assessment數(shù)據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及影響評(píng)估

• Identify Data to be Migrated將被遷移數(shù)據(jù)

• Migration Tools遷移工具（Technical Part by IT or Vendor）

• Sampling Strategy取樣策略（Technical Part by IT or Vendor）

• Acceptance Criteria驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

• Deviation Handling偏差處理

The Data Migration Plan is a key deliverable of the project thatmust be approved prior to initiating any migration activities. The DataMigration Plan requires Quality review and approval. The plan needs to definethe sampling strategy which should be driven by the risk impact of the data.100% sampling is not feasible and adequate therefore standards such as ANSI/AQLshould be used to define the risk based sampling strategy. The data migrationverification strategy need to provide evidence that the migration wassuccessfully completed and data integrity was maintained. The data migrationverification strategy should define any tools that will be used for themigration activities. Tool or techniques that can be used for data migrationverification include source vs target data integrity checks that can beperformed using the following tools:

數(shù)據(jù)遷移計(jì)劃是該項(xiàng)目的關(guān)鍵交付項(xiàng)目，必須在啟動(dòng)任何遷移活動(dòng)之前獲得批準(zhǔn)。數(shù)據(jù)遷移計(jì)劃要求質(zhì)量審核和批準(zhǔn)。該計(jì)劃應(yīng)基于數(shù)據(jù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響確定抽樣策略。?100％抽樣是不可行和充分的，因此應(yīng)使用ANSI / AQL等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來定義基于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的抽樣策略。（釋義：ANSI：美國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織，是一個(gè)核準(zhǔn)多種行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的組織。SQL：結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語言，是與關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行通信的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語言）數(shù)據(jù)遷移驗(yàn)證策略需要提供證據(jù)證明遷移已成功完成并保持了數(shù)據(jù)完整性。數(shù)據(jù)遷移驗(yàn)證策略應(yīng)定義將用于遷移活動(dòng)的任何工具。可以用于數(shù)據(jù)遷移驗(yàn)證的工具或技術(shù)包括可以使用以下工具執(zhí)行的源數(shù)據(jù)完整性檢查和目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)完整性檢查：（遷移中和遷移后數(shù)據(jù)完整性驗(yàn)證的軟件工具）

• Cryptographic hash function加密哈希函數(shù)

• CheckSum總和檢查碼

Cryptographic hash function is a mathematical function that takesan input of any size and returns as an output an alpha numeric digest of afixed size. Any alterations to the inputs will drastically change the digest.Cryptographic hash functions can be used to compute a digest of a data set atthe source and then compute a digest at the target.

加密哈希函數(shù)是一種數(shù)學(xué)函數(shù)，它接受任意大小的輸入并將固定大小的字母數(shù)字摘要作為輸出返回。對(duì)輸入的任何更改都會(huì)徹底改變數(shù)據(jù)摘要。（運(yùn)用這個(gè)進(jìn)行加密，確保數(shù)據(jù)遷移過程中，數(shù)據(jù)沒有丟失或者被篡改， Checksum 也是相同目的，不同技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)手段）加密散列函數(shù)可用于計(jì)算源數(shù)據(jù)集的摘要，然后計(jì)算目標(biāo)處的摘要。

The Data Migration Protocol is a critical deliverable that isintended to provide documented evidence that migration activities weresuccessfully executed and that they meet the established acceptance criteria.The Data Migration Protocol is an executable document that need to include howdeviations and failures will be managed during the execution.
數(shù)據(jù)遷移方案是一項(xiàng)重要的交付項(xiàng)目，旨在提供書面證據(jù)證明遷移活動(dòng)已成功執(zhí)行并且符合既定的接受標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。數(shù)據(jù)遷移方案是一個(gè)可執(zhí)行文件，需要包括在執(zhí)行過程中如何管理偏差和失敗。

The Data Migration Protocol should include the followinginformation:

數(shù)據(jù)遷移方案應(yīng)包含以下信息：

• Purpose目的

• Scope范圍

• Roles & Responsibilities角色與職責(zé)

• Data Sampling Approach Strategy?數(shù)據(jù)抽樣策略

• Migration Verification Tools遷移驗(yàn)證工具

• Migration Verification Strategy?遷移驗(yàn)證策略

• Deviations偏差

• Acceptance Criteria驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

Once the Data Migration Protocols is executed a Data MigrationSummary Report need to be created. The Data Migration Summary Report isintended to summarize the results and deviation found during the execution ofthe protocol.

當(dāng)執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)遷移方案被執(zhí)行完成，就需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)遷移總結(jié)報(bào)告。數(shù)據(jù)遷移總結(jié)報(bào)告旨在總結(jié)執(zhí)行方案期間發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果和偏差。

The Data Migration Summary Report should include the followinginformation:
數(shù)據(jù)遷移總結(jié)報(bào)告應(yīng)包含以下信息：

• Purpose目的

• Scope范圍

• Roles & Responsibilities角色與職責(zé)

• Migration Verification Results遷移驗(yàn)證結(jié)果

• Migration Verification Summary遷移驗(yàn)證總結(jié)

• Deviation Summary偏差總結(jié)

• Acceptance Criteria Summary驗(yàn)收總結(jié)

These deliverables and related activities provide a structured andconsistent approach to manage and control data migration projects. Thesedeliverables are also intended to provide objective documented evidence thatdata integrity is maintained during data migration projects.

這些可交付成果和相關(guān)活動(dòng)為管理和控制數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目提供了結(jié)構(gòu)化且一致的方法。這些可交付成果還旨在提供客觀的書面證據(jù)，用來證明數(shù)據(jù)遷移項(xiàng)目期間數(shù)據(jù)完整性得到維護(hù)。

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Summary總結(jié)

Data migrations require adequate strategic planning to reduce thebusiness and compliance risk. The Data Migration Plan is a critical deliverablethat needs to be created to document the migration strategy.

數(shù)據(jù)遷移需要進(jìn)行充分的戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃以降低業(yè)務(wù)和合規(guī)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。數(shù)據(jù)遷移計(jì)劃 （DMP）是需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建的關(guān)鍵交付物，以記錄遷移策略。

The data risk impact must be assessed and documented and it is aninput into the migration strategy and plan.

（遷移）數(shù)據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及影響必需經(jīng)過評(píng)估和文件記錄，它將被用于數(shù)據(jù)遷移策略和計(jì)劃之中。

In summary, data migration is a critical activity that must bewell managed and controlled to maintain the integrity of the data that need tobe migrated.

總而言之，數(shù)據(jù)遷移是一個(gè)極為重要的行為，需要妥善管理和控制來保證遷移數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)完整性

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