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同時代那些了解李小龍的美國武術(shù)大家，幾乎眾口一詞的認可李小龍和他的截拳道超越了時代。如美國著名的國家級柔道/柔術(shù)金牌教練謝華亮（Welly Jay 威利·杰伊）就說：我同意他們的看法，李小龍超越時代100年。

100年當然只是一個概說，那么，李小龍及其截拳道究竟在多大程度上超越了時代？有什么歷史證明呢？本文節(jié)錄了伊魯山度截拳道高徒泰德 · 盧卡1996年接受美國《功夫精深》雜志采訪時披露的那段歷史歲月，可供廣大讀者管中窺豹。

話說上世紀七八十年代，在李小龍功夫電影掀起的全球功夫熱的推動下，那個時代的武術(shù)愛好者，包括一些曾獲得不同武術(shù)較高段位的黑帶高手們，也對李小龍截拳道求學若渴，紛紛投入到李小龍當年的助教級弟子伊魯山度師傅開辦的武術(shù)學院，要求學習截拳道。

這些高手們技術(shù)看上去不錯，但讓泰德 · 盧卡大跌眼鏡的是，那些自信甚至有些自大的黑帶高手們，一旦開始和學院中的截拳道高年級或僅學過半年左右的學員全接觸對抗實戰(zhàn)時，便紛紛現(xiàn)了原形，他們傳統(tǒng)且低效的武技在現(xiàn)代化的截拳道面前，簡直不堪一擊。其情其景，與當下網(wǎng)絡(luò)爆炒的現(xiàn)代搏擊VS傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)的一邊倒狀態(tài)，如出一轍。

不對比不知道，一對比嚇一跳。當年的截拳道學員們尚且如此“無敵”，何況他的宗師李小龍？

歷史事實證明，李小龍截拳道是世界上第一個從武學理論、科學技戰(zhàn)術(shù)體系建設(shè)、實戰(zhàn)對抗訓練、交叉體能訓練、運動營養(yǎng)和恢復，乃至于訓練器材綜合應(yīng)用方面，完全貼近無限制實戰(zhàn)，特別強調(diào)科學格斗的全面現(xiàn)代化的實戰(zhàn)武道，確實遠遠的超越了時代，且至今仍在與時俱進中。

回溯歷史，當今世界現(xiàn)代搏擊的迅猛發(fā)展，和李小龍及其截拳道當年的革命性武學理念啟發(fā)，思想解放，以及現(xiàn)代化科學訓練和效率搏擊的直觀展示和影響，大眾化科普推動，有著千絲萬縷的關(guān)系。李小龍及其截拳道，可謂是推動現(xiàn)代世界武術(shù)和現(xiàn)代擂臺搏擊術(shù)，從傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位的時代全面轉(zhuǎn)型進化的重要先驅(qū)和時代引領(lǐng)者。

龍史傳真 | 喬·劉易斯: 在李小龍的訓練下成為最偉大的踢拳冠軍

龍史傳真｜踢拳之父喬·劉易斯：李小龍截拳道-踢拳的先驅(qū)！

搏擊教授杰瑞·畢斯利：喬·劉易斯是李小龍訓練出來的最好格斗家

“李小龍的出現(xiàn)，開始了整個世界武術(shù)范例的改變。在他之前，武術(shù)人只是試著重現(xiàn)和重復前輩已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)的東西，這就意味著對于現(xiàn)代意義上的力量和體能的訓練不會投入太多關(guān)注。對于當下的功能性健身狂熱來說，李小龍超前了有30－40年之多?！?/p>

——馬特·萊森（美國陸軍格斗系統(tǒng)總教官），語出美國《肌肉與健美》中文版《健美先生》2008年第5期《李小龍：永遠的偶像》，譯者孫建輝先生

“李小龍上世紀60年代和70年代所宣揚的每一件事情，隨著終極格斗錦標賽在90年代初期的發(fā)展，都一一得到了驗證?！?/p>

—— 美國UFC總裁達納·懷特 語出美國《肌肉與健美》中文版《健美先生》2008年第5期《李小龍：永遠的偶像》，譯者孫建輝先生

以下為正文......

武術(shù)家泰德·盧卡采訪（節(jié)錄）

原載《功夫探秘》雜志 Inside Kung Fu 1996年7月刊?翻譯：為道塾酷哥 周靖昆

史蒂夫（記者）: 那時候你是怎么訓練的你還記得嗎？

泰德 · 盧卡?: 你能想到的，這是一種全新的體驗，非常令人興奮。當時一切對我來說都是嶄新的。李小龍剛剛?cè)ナ啦痪?，后院訓練就沒怎么進行了，丹·伊魯山度和理查德·巴斯蒂羅在李去世一年后合作開辦了托蘭斯菲律賓卡利武術(shù)院。

丹的知名度是得益于李小龍和截拳道的加持，所以招生情況是難以置信地的火爆。

全國各地幾乎有來自各行各業(yè)的人來報名。

你談到報名候補名單，確實有這么一個候補名單，但我不知道如何表達。 在他們開放了學校的另一邊場地之后，每晚都有差不多30人報名，因為他們那邊有大約30個人的課程。我過去經(jīng)常守著座機，處理桌子的文件跟其他的事務(wù)。

有成百上千的人徑自過來報名求學。這些國內(nèi)的，國外的人拖家?guī)Э诘碾x開原居所，就是想進入武術(shù)學院，因為他們想接受截拳道訓練。

這個開頭非常壯觀，大量大量的人注冊登記學習。 然而，練下來幾個月，沒練習全接觸性的實戰(zhàn)對抗還好，而一旦開始全接觸性對抗訓練,"轟"，也許一半多人都會退出。但這無傷大雅，因為還有一個報名候補名單，課程班級馬上就會再次報滿了。 報名的人有多少，還在等著入學的人有多少，數(shù)量著實驚人啊。

Steve: What was it like training at the time; can you remember back in those days?

Ted Lucay lucay: It was an experience, you know. It was an exciting time because everything was brand new then. Bruce Lee had just passed away recently so from the backyard training, Dan and Richard opened up the Torrance Philipino Kali Academy, a year after Bruce died. It was incredible, because martial arts was influenced by Bruce Lee and Jeet Kune Do so the enrollment was huge. There were people from all walks of life from all over the country.

You talk about a waiting list, there was a waiting list that was like, and I can’t give you an example. After they opened up the other half of the school, the enrollment was like 30 people for each class each night and so they had like give classes or so, with 30 people. I used to work the phone and the desk and everything and we had hundreds and hundreds of people coming in by themselves. People coming in with their families and leaving their place of residence, from America as well as from other countries. They would come in to be part of the Kali academy because they wanted the JKD training. It was great because it was all kinds of different people and you found huge enrollments starting out. However, you would train for a few months, training with no contact but once contact started, “boom,” maybe half would drop out. But there was no problem because you had a waiting list and class filled up right away. And so it was just phenomenal at how many people enrolled and how many more were waiting.

這樣的盛景是當時每個商人的愿望。 但是作為一門新生的武術(shù)，截拳道非常振奮人心，因為有來自很多不同武技的人求學，從普通學習者，到黑帶一段到六段都有。

他們看起來都很不錯。但是當他們開始接觸性的實戰(zhàn)時，我們驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)，特別是在那個時候，在還沒進入截拳道踢拳訓練時，非常多人在對抗中展示出來的都是些非常低效的技術(shù)。

他們之前所有訓練的知識，他們得到所謂的黑帶，都被截拳道簡單直接的刺拳，后手直拳，勾拳打成了渣渣，他們努力掩飾的門派武技的神秘性蕩然無存。

截拳道非常簡單，所有這些家伙的所有武藝經(jīng)驗和自大都在截拳道面前支離破碎。

二十年前，截拳道如此獨特。 它是嶄新的，獨一無二的。我們會看到高水平的武者像蒼蠅一樣被摔倒在地上。

我跟老丹在一旁邊看邊敲康茄鼓（傻樂），那時我會幫忙教教初學者。 丹會告訴我,"嘿，看看地板上那個誰。這是某某武術(shù)的黑帶十段來的。"

如果他們跟一些截拳道水平高一點的學生，或者在武術(shù)學院呆過六個月的人實戰(zhàn)一場，我們就會看到截拳道學生狠狠地完虐他們，打得他們潰不成軍，那場面可真是真是太有趣了。

我要重申，在那個年代能這樣是因為20年前，人們不像現(xiàn)在這樣能接觸到如此多進化了的現(xiàn)代搏擊知識和技能。但這就是截拳道令人興奮的原因，這一門全新的實戰(zhàn)武道，當年直接揭開了所有傳統(tǒng)腰帶和（當年在美國流行的）傳統(tǒng)武技的神秘面紗。

很明顯，截拳道在當時的傳播發(fā)展階段就表現(xiàn)得如此耀眼，我想，當年有資格學習截拳道也是一種特權(quán)和榮幸。

在學院里，有很多激烈的全接觸對抗，以及拳拳到肉碰撞的“砰砰”的聲音， 這就是截拳道人的武術(shù)觀——用拳頭告訴對手，我們進行的是真打?qū)崙?zhàn)的格斗對抗。在那個年代，大多數(shù)人都沒有想到會發(fā)生這樣的事情，即使是那些所謂的高段位的資深武術(shù)家們也不例外。

當時練習者們實戰(zhàn)打得兇狠，打得越狠，私下的關(guān)系倒是越不錯。

這很好，因為截拳道家族成員都很關(guān)系親密。

It was the wish of every businessman at the time. But being brand new too, it was also exciting because you had people from all the different styles come in from the first degree black to fourth, fifth, sixth. And it looks good on paper, but when they got on the floor and started to bang it was amazing to see, especially at that time, before the kickboxing, how many inefficiency was demonstrated on the floor. With all their previous training and knowledge these people with all their belts would be destroyed by simple jabs, crosses, and hooks and this would break the mystique. JKD was very simple and all these guys with all their experience in the arts had their self-esteem broken down. Twenty years ago it was so unique. It was brand new and unique. We would be sparring looking at high-level martial artists being dropped to the floor like flies. Dan and I were drumming the conga. I was always assisting him with teaching all the beginners. Dan would tell me, “Hey, take a look on the floor. That’s so-and-so, the tenth degree from so-and-so system.” They would be sparring with a senior JKD student or someone who had been there six months. It was so funny to see them get shattered to pieces by the six-month students. Again it was easier in those days because it was 20 years ago and people were not as knowledgeable as they are now. That’s why it was exciting because it was brand new; it pulled down the mystery, the mystique about all of the belts and all the styles. It was neat to see how JKD in the pioneering stage was very superior in those days. It was also, I guess, a privilege to study JKD. There was a lot of heavy sparring and a lot of heavy “banging.” That was the major point at that time to make contact to let your opponent know what we were doing was real. In those days most people didn’t expect that sort of thing, even your hardened martial artist. There was a lot of heavy sparring but it was also a lot of camaraderie. It was nice because the JKD families were close together at that time

泰德 · 盧卡（Ted Lucaylucay 1946-1996）出生于夏威夷群島。泰德的青少年時期和成年早期都是在加州的圣佩德羅度過的，在那里他開始了對武術(shù)的終生癡迷。泰德練習了許多類型的武術(shù)，包括空手道、柔道、功夫和拳擊。

1970年，泰德開始跟隨截拳道大師丹·伊魯山度訓練李小龍的截拳道，以及菲律賓武術(shù)。泰德還與其他世界著名的大師一起接受培訓。1975年，泰德畢業(yè)出師并成立了盧卡卡利/截拳道協(xié)會。泰德是截拳道家族的先驅(qū)，他建立了自己的協(xié)會，并成為第一個制作和銷售有關(guān)截拳道和卡利格斗藝術(shù)教學錄像帶的教練。他先后培養(yǎng)了數(shù)千名學生。

附錄一 伊魯山度高徒提姆·塔克特回憶截拳道歷史（節(jié)錄）

1973年，丹 · 伊諾山度授予我高級學員證書，還允許我組建小型截拳道團體。 在丹的后院訓練小組，大家都在強調(diào)截拳道是一門很特別的武術(shù)。

有些技術(shù)李小龍并不希望外傳，要求只能在訓練小組內(nèi)小范圍練習 。?丹告訴我們，李小龍曾說過:"如果知識就是力量，那就要將這種力量傳授給值得托付的人"。

后來，丹請我去教學。?他告訴我和拉里·哈特爾，他答應(yīng)過李小龍不公開教截拳道，我們應(yīng)該出來教授截拳道，他可以教卡利（為道塾注：一種菲律賓武術(shù)）。 我們?nèi)齻€每年夏天都在一起教拳，直到大煙山武術(shù)訓練營結(jié)束。

In 1973, Dan Inosanto honored me with the rank of Senior First and I was given permission to have a small Jeet Kune Do group. In Dan’s backyard school it was always stressed that JKD was something special. There were certain techniques that Bruce Lee did not want given out outside of what we all felt were a small and special group. Dan told us that Bruce said, "If knowledge is power then why pass it out indiscriminately."

When the summer martial arts camps started Dan asked me to teach there. He told Larry Hartsell and me that since he promised Bruce to not teach JKD openly, that we should teach JKD while he would teach Kali. The three of us taught together every summer until the Great Smokey Mountain Martial Arts Camp closed.

現(xiàn)在，除了每周一次晚上在我的車庫里教學之外，我做的另一件事就是偶爾為那些參與過訓練營有自己道館的學生開講習會。目前我每年只開幾次講習會。我在高中學校教了30年書，六年前退休了。

我們希望我們的學生能夠傳授截拳道的核心課程，令其真正屬于自己，然后不斷適應(yīng)，發(fā)展，加入自己的領(lǐng)悟，那將是他們的截拳道。

但是，我們也認為他們不應(yīng)該加入違反截拳道基本原則的技術(shù)，還稱之為截拳道。

請記住，任何架構(gòu)原則都是建立在堅實的基礎(chǔ)之上的。讓截拳道核心課程成為你建立基礎(chǔ)的必要指南，而在此基礎(chǔ)上搭建的內(nèi)容才是真正屬于你自己的。

Besides teaching in my garage one night a week the only other JKD teaching I did was the occasional seminar I would do for camp students who had a school of their own. Presently I only do a couple of seminars a year. I retired six years ago after 30 years of teaching high school .What we want our student to do is to be able to do the core curriculum of Jeet Kune Do, make it his or her own, then adapt, evolve, and add what is their own. That will be their JKD. But we also feel that they shouldn’t add what goes against the basic principles of JKD and call it Jeet Kune Do. Remember that any architectural principle is based on a strong foundation. Let the core curriculum be your guide to the building of your foundation and let the house you build on top of it be your own.