在 TED2009 上，Tim Berners-Lee 呼吁“現(xiàn)在就提供原始數(shù)據(jù)”——讓政府、科學(xué)家和機(jī)構(gòu)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上公開他們的數(shù)據(jù)。2010 年在 TED 大學(xué)，他展示了一些有趣的數(shù)據(jù)連接后的結(jié)果。

Last year here at TED?I asked you to give me your data,?to put your data on the web, on the basis?that if people put data onto the web --?government data, scientific data, community data,whatever it is -- it will be used by other people?to do wonderful things, in ways?that they never could have imagined.

去年，在TED，?我請求你們公開你們的數(shù)據(jù)資料，?把數(shù)據(jù)資料放到網(wǎng)上，因?yàn)?如果人們把他們的數(shù)據(jù)資料放到網(wǎng)上，?那么政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)，科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)， 社區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)，?不管是什么， 就會被其他人用來?做一些美好的事情，這是?他們從來都無法想象的事情。

So, today I'm back just to show you a few things,?to show you, in fact, there is?an open data movement afoot,?now, around the world.?The cry of "Raw data now!"?which I made people make in the auditorium,?was heard around the world.?So, let's roll the video.

所以， 今天我回來向你們展示幾個(gè)事例，?事實(shí)上，?現(xiàn)在在世界各地，公開數(shù)據(jù)資料的運(yùn)動正在興起?。?在去年TED演講中，我和大家一起大聲呼吁的“實(shí)時(shí)的原始數(shù)據(jù)”?已經(jīng)?傳播到世界各地。?所以， 讓我們播放錄像。

A classic story, the first one which lots of people picked up,?was when in March -- on March 10th in fact, soon after TED --?Paul Clarke, in the U.K. government,?blogged, "Oh, I've just got some raw data. Here it is,?it's about bicycle accidents."?Two days it took the Times Online?to make a map, a mashable map --?we call these things mash-ups --?a mashed-up user interface that allows you to go in there?and have a look and find out whether your bicycle?route to work was affected.

事實(shí)上TED剛剛結(jié)束不久，3月10日播了這經(jīng)典故事視頻，它也是很多人首選?的故事。?英國政府的保羅克拉克Paul Clarke?發(fā)博客：“ 噢，我剛剛得到了一些原始數(shù)據(jù)。這個(gè)就是?有關(guān)自行車意外的數(shù)據(jù)。”?時(shí)代在線用了兩天時(shí)間?做了一個(gè)地圖， 一個(gè)合成的地圖，?我們稱之為：合成(把數(shù)據(jù)融合到地圖上)，?經(jīng)過這種合成，你可以通過用戶界面?搜索和找到你上班的自行車?路線是否受影響

Here's more data, traffic survey data,?again, put out by the U.K. government,?and because they put it up using the Linked Data standards,?then a user could just make a map,?just by clicking.

除此， 網(wǎng)上還很多其他的數(shù)據(jù)， 交通調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)等?都是英國政府放上去的。?因?yàn)樗麄兩蟼鞯臄?shù)據(jù)符合鏈接標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，?所以用戶可以使用這些數(shù)據(jù)做地圖，?只要點(diǎn)擊一下就做成了。

Does this data affect things? Well, let's get back to 2008.?Look at Zanesville, Ohio.?Here's a map a lawyer made. He put on it the water plant,?and which houses are there,?which houses have been connected to the water.?And he got, from other data sources,?information to show?which houses are occupied by white people.?Well, there was too much of a correlation, he felt,between which houses were occupied by white people?and which houses had water, and the judge was not impressed either.?The judge was not impressed to the tune of 10.9 million dollars.?That's the power of taking one piece of data,?another piece of data, putting it together,?and showing the result.

這些數(shù)據(jù)起作用嗎？ 好吧，讓我們回到2008年。?看看俄亥俄州曾斯維爾,?這是一張律師制作的在自來水廠地圖，?看到那些房子，?誰家連著用水？?然后從其他數(shù)據(jù)源，他得到?資料顯示了?哪個(gè)房子是白人家庭的。?他感到，這兩者之間的關(guān)聯(lián)太緊密了。?就哪些是白人擁有的房子，?和哪些房子有自來水之間的關(guān)系，法官看到以后對此也很不滿。?法官因此罰了他們1090萬美元。?這就是拿了一組數(shù)據(jù)和另一組數(shù)據(jù)放在一起的力量，?結(jié)果是顯而易見的。

Let's look at some data from the U.K. now.?This is U.K. government data, a completely independent site,?Where Does My Money Go.?It allows anybody to go there and burrow down.You can burrow down by a particular type of spending,?or you can go through all the different regions and compare them.?So, that's happening in the U.K. with U.K. government data.

現(xiàn)在讓我們看看英國的一些數(shù)據(jù)。?這是英國政府的數(shù)據(jù)， 完全獨(dú)立的網(wǎng)站，?我的錢花到哪里去了，?這個(gè)網(wǎng)站讓任何人在網(wǎng)站上利用其數(shù)據(jù)。?你可以根據(jù)特別的消費(fèi)種類來查找?也可以找出不同的地區(qū)的數(shù)據(jù)來做比較。?英國人正在用英國政府提供的數(shù)據(jù)資料做這些事情。

Yes, certainly you can do it over here.?Here's a site which allows you to look at recovery spending?in California.?Take an arbitrary example, Long Beach, California,?you can go and have a look at what recovery money they've been spending?on different things such as energy.

是的， 在這里你也可以做。?在加利福尼亞，這個(gè)網(wǎng)站讓你查找復(fù)蘇經(jīng)費(fèi)的使用情況?。?隨便舉例，加利福尼亞長灘，?你可以看見人們使用政府發(fā)放的復(fù)蘇經(jīng)費(fèi)都花?在不同事情的支出，例如在能源上支出。

In fact, this is the graph of the number of data sets?in the repositories of data.gov,?and data.gov.uk.?And I'm delighted to see a great competition?between the U.K. in blue, and the U.S. in red.

事實(shí)上， 這是幾組數(shù)據(jù)的圖表，?他們存放在data.gov上，?和data.gov.uk網(wǎng)上。?我真高興看見這種積極的競爭，?英國顯示的是藍(lán)色， 美國是紅色。

How can you use this stuff??Well, for example, if you have lots of data about places?you can take, from a postcode --?which is like a zip plus four --?for a specific group of houses, you can make paper,?print off a paper which has got very, very?specific things about the bus stops,?the things specifically near you.

你怎么用這些東西呢？?舉個(gè)例子吧， 你有一個(gè)地區(qū)的大量數(shù)據(jù)，你可以從一個(gè)郵政編碼，?就是美國郵政編碼ZIP + 4，?特定群體的住房，你可以用圖像合成，?打印的圖像會有特別具體?的信息， 比如公交車站，?包括那些離你很近的事情。

On a larger scale, this is a mash-up?of the data which was released about the Afghan elections.?It allows you to set your own criteria?for what sort of things you want to look at.?The red circles are polling stations,?selected by your criteria.?And then you can select also other things on the map?to see what other factors, like the threat level.?So, that was government data.

從大處方面說， 這是一個(gè)?阿富汗選舉數(shù)據(jù)與地圖的合成。?為了你想看到的東西，?它允許你設(shè)置你自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。?這些紅圈是投票點(diǎn)，是根據(jù)你的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選擇的。?你也可以選擇地圖上的其他內(nèi)容，?你可以看見其他數(shù)據(jù)，比如威脅程度。?所以，這也是政府的數(shù)據(jù)。

I also talked about community-generated data -- in fact I edited some.?This is the wiki map, this is the Open Street Map.?"Terrace Theater" I actually put?on the map because it wasn't on the map before TED last year.?I was not the only person editing the open street map.?Each flash on this visualization --?put together by ITO World --?shows an edit in 2009?made to the Open Street Map.Let's now spin the world during the same year.?Every flash is an edit. Somebody somewhere?looking at the Open Street Map, and realizing it could be better.?You can see Europe is ablaze with updates.?Some places, perhaps not as much as they should be.

我也談過社區(qū)制作的， 事實(shí)上我也參與此，?這是wiki地圖， 這是公開的街道地圖。?我把梯形劇場放到?地圖上去的， 因?yàn)槿ツ闠ED召開的時(shí)候地圖上還沒有它。?我不是唯一編輯公開地圖的人。?在ITO World（itoworld.com）可視化地圖里，每個(gè)亮點(diǎn)?都是?大家在2009年編輯的，?這形成了公開街道地圖。?讓我們繞著整個(gè)世界看一下這一年所發(fā)生的。?每個(gè)亮點(diǎn)都是一次編輯的記錄。 有人在某些地方看著公開街道地圖， 發(fā)現(xiàn)它可以改進(jìn)得更好。?你看見歐洲的更新非常頻繁。?有些地方反而更新程度沒有跟上。

Here focusing in on Haiti.?The map of Port au-Prince at the end?of 2009 was not all it could be,?not as good as the map of California.Fortunately, just after the earthquake,?GeoEye, a commercial company,?released satellite imagery?with a license, which allowedthe open-source community to use it.?This is January, in time lapse,?of people editing ... that's the earthquake.?After the earthquake, immediately,?people all over the world, mappers?who wanted to help, and could,?looked at that imagery, built the map, quickly building it up.

這里聚焦的是海地。?太子港地圖在2009年底?還沒怎么編輯，?不如加利福尼亞的地圖編輯得好。?幸運(yùn)的是， 地震發(fā)生后不久，GeoEye， 一個(gè)商業(yè)公司?發(fā)布了衛(wèi)星圖象?并有一個(gè)許可證允許?公開網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)使用這些圖象。?隨著1月份時(shí)間的推移，?人們參與了編輯， 然后地震發(fā)生了。?地震發(fā)生后不久，?全世界的人們， 地圖制作者們?都想要提供幫助，可以?看著這些圖象， 迅速地建立地圖。

We're focusing now on Port-au-Prince.?The light blue is refugee camps these volunteers had spotted from the [satellite images].So, now we have, immediately, a real-time map?showing where there are refugee camps --?rapidly became the best map?to use if you're doing relief work in Port-au-Prince.?Witness the fact that it's here on this Garmin device?being used by rescue team in Haiti.

我們現(xiàn)在看到的是太子港。?藍(lán)色的是那些自愿者從空中發(fā)現(xiàn)的難民營。?所以，現(xiàn)在我們立即有實(shí)時(shí)公開地圖?顯示難民營在什么地方，如果你在太子港從事援助工作?那這就是最好的地圖。?事實(shí)證明，這地圖也支持救援隊(duì)使用高明衛(wèi)星地圖?定位。

There's the map showing,?on the left-hand side,?that hospital -- actually that's a hospital ship.?This is a real-time map that shows blocked roads,?damaged buildings, refugee camps --?it shows things that are needed [for rescue and relief work].

海地， 左邊的這張地圖顯示?一個(gè)?醫(yī)院，事實(shí)上是一個(gè)建在船上的醫(yī)院。?這實(shí)時(shí)的地圖顯示阻塞的道路，?背毀的建筑， 難民營，?它表明哪里需要東西。

So, if you've been involved in that at all,?I just wanted to say: Whatever you've been doing,?whether you've just been chanting, "Raw data now!"?or you've been putting government or scientific data online,?I just wanted to take this opportunity to say: Thank you very much,?and we have only just started!?(Applause)

所以， 如果你已經(jīng)參與了公開數(shù)據(jù)，?我只想說，不管你已經(jīng)做了什么，?你是否剛開始原始數(shù)據(jù)圖表編輯，?還是將政府或者科學(xué)研究的數(shù)據(jù)放到網(wǎng)上，?我只想借此機(jī)會說聲非常感謝，?而我們才剛剛開始。?（謝謝）