Adjectives

形容詞

An adjective takes the -a ending and has to agree in number with the noun it modifies:

 形容詞以-a結(jié)尾，而且在數(shù)量上要和它修飾的名詞相一致（其實(shí)就是名詞如果是復(fù)數(shù)的話，形容詞也要變成復(fù)數(shù)形式）

bona homo = a good person 一個(gè)好人

bonaj homoj = good people 好人（善良的人們）

Homoj estas bonaj. = People aregood. 人們很好

An adjective that modifies an object also takes the -n (direct object) ending:

形容詞修飾賓語(yǔ)的時(shí)候也要加詞尾-n（直接賓語(yǔ)）

Mi man?as belajn kukojn. = I eat beautiful cakes. 我吃漂亮的蛋糕

In summary, an adjective's ending must match the ending of the noun it modifies. 

 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，形容詞的詞尾一定要和它修飾的名詞的詞尾相一致

word order

語(yǔ)序

Word order in Esperanto is flexible.

 世界語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)序很靈活

Most people place adjectives before the noun, but they may also be placed after the noun. Both of the following sentences are correct: 

 大多數(shù)人將形容詞放在名詞前面，但是也可以把形容詞放名詞之后，（所以）下面的句子都是正確的

?i estas bona instruisto. 

?i estas instruisto bona.

She is a good teacher.

她是個(gè)好老師

adjectives into verbs

形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞

In Esperanto, adjectives are easily transformed into verbs, and are frequently used that way in conversations and in written texts :

在世界語(yǔ)中，形容詞可輕易地轉(zhuǎn)換成動(dòng)詞，而且經(jīng)常在對(duì)話和寫(xiě)作中使用這種方法

Mi estas preta. = Mi pretas. = I am ready. 我準(zhǔn)備好了

Mi estas malsana. = Mi malsanas. = I am sick. 我病了

You may also hear: 

你也能聽(tīng)到（這樣的句子）

La ?ielo bluas. = La ?ielo estas blua. = The sky isblue. 

天空是藍(lán)色的

La hundo grandas = La hundo estas granda.= The dog is big.

那只狗是大的

However, if the verb form of an adjective is a transitive verb, this transformation doesn't work.

然而，如果形容詞的動(dòng)詞形式是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，那么這種轉(zhuǎn)化方法就不管用了

For example:

La libro estas interesa. (The book is interesting) CANNOT be transformed into La libro interesas...

例如： La libro estas interesa. (這本書(shū)是有趣的)不能轉(zhuǎn)換成 La libro interesas...

(because interesi is transitive, which means that the book interests someone, and requires an object, e.g. La libro interesas min.).

（因?yàn)閕nteresi是及物動(dòng)詞，意味著書(shū)本使某個(gè)人感興趣，需要一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，e.g. La libro interesas min.）

Similarly, La libro estas amuza (The book is funny, amuzing) CANNOT be transformed into La libro amuzas, because "amuzi" is transitive. (You would need to say "La libro amuzas min".)

類(lèi)似的，La libro estas amuza (The book isfunny, amuzing這書(shū)很有意思)不能轉(zhuǎn)換成La libro amuzas，因?yàn)?quot;amuzi"是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞（你要說(shuō)"La libro amuzas min".）

原文:http://www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Adjectives-1

翻譯:vanilo