·單詞

editor n.????編輯

????·editor of ...????...的編輯

????????·the editor of the Washington Post????《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的編輯

????????·editors of newspapers and magazines????報(bào)刊雜志編輯

????????·chief editor = editor in chief????總編輯

????·edit?v.????編輯

????? ? ·Janet edited books for a variety of publishers.????珍妮特為多家出版社編輯書籍

????????·Her original text has?been heavily edited.????她的原文經(jīng)過大量編輯

????·edition?n.????版本，版次；一集，一期

????????·a paperback/hard-cover/de luxe edition.????平裝本/精裝本/豪華本

????????·the first edition?????第一版

????????·a revised edition????修訂版

????????·in its sixth edition????第六版

????·editorial?adj.編輯的，主編的；社論的;?n.????社論，社評(píng)；（報(bào)刊的）由編輯撰寫的部分，非廣告部分

????????·I'm responsible for the editorials.????我負(fù)責(zé)社論

????????·An editorial for the newspaper. lf l miss the midnight deadline, it won't be printed until next week.????報(bào)紙的社論。如果我錯(cuò)過了午夜的最后期限，要到下周才能打印出來

????????·Sure. If you give me the classified ads and editorial section.????確定。如果你把分類廣告和社論版給我

extreme n.????極端

????·go to extremes????走極端

????????·Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.?????報(bào)紙和雜志的編輯常常為了向讀者提供不重要的事實(shí)和統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字而走向極端

????????·This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom goes to extremes.????這種情況很少發(fā)生，因?yàn)槲覀兊臍夂蚝苌俪霈F(xiàn)極端情況

????·from one extreme to the other????從一個(gè)極端到另一個(gè)極端

????????·In terms of healthy eating I go from one extreme to the other.????在健康飲食方面，我從一個(gè)極端走到另一個(gè)極端

????????????·in terms of????就……而言

????·between two extremes????在兩個(gè)極端之間

????????·The public's views on genetic engineering seem to range between two extremes.????公眾對(duì)基因工程的看法似乎介于兩個(gè)極端之間

????·extreme?adj.????極端的，嚴(yán)重的；過分的，偏激的

????????·Extreme poverty still exists in many rural areas.????許多農(nóng)村地區(qū)仍然存在極端貧困

????????·It is necessary to use extreme care/caution with chemicals.????使用化學(xué)藥品必須格外小心，謹(jǐn)慎

????????·Force is only justified in extreme circumstances.????只有在極端情況下，武力才是正當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

????·extremely adv.????極度，非常

????????·be extremely difficult/important/useful/complicated/pleased/grateful ...????極其 困難/重要/有用/復(fù)雜/高興/感激

????????·Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.????盡管用金錢來衡量物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品的價(jià)值是可能的，但要估計(jì)人們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┑姆?wù)的真正價(jià)值卻是極其困難的

????????·But I was extremely pleased with myself. I had traced the cause of the trouble.????但我對(duì)自己非常滿意。我已經(jīng)找到了麻煩的原因

statistics n.????統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字

journalist n.????新聞?dòng)浾?/p>

????·reporter?n.????記者，通訊員

????·columnist?n.????專欄作家

? ? ·correspondent?n.????（尤指從某一國(guó)家發(fā)回專題報(bào)道的，或?qū)ｉT寫某個(gè)題材的）記者

????????·our Middle East correspondent????我們的中東通訊員

????????·Our correspondent in South Africa sent this report.????本臺(tái)駐南非記者發(fā)回報(bào)道

????????·a war/sports/education/political correspondent????戰(zhàn)地/體育/教育/政治 記者

????·journalism?n.????新聞業(yè)，新聞工作；報(bào)刊雜志，新聞報(bào)道 (不可數(shù))

????????·a career in journalism????從事新聞工作

????????·I plan to study journalism at college.????我計(jì)劃在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)新聞學(xué)

president n.????總統(tǒng)

palace n.????王宮;宏偉的住宅

publish?v.????出版

????·This book is published by Oxford University Press.????這本書由牛津大學(xué)出版社出版

????·publisher?n.????出版者，出版商；發(fā)行人

????·publishing?n.????出版；出版業(yè)?(不可數(shù))

????????·She chose publishing as a career.????她選擇出版作為職業(yè)

????·the press????報(bào)刊（總稱）；新聞界

????????·the freedom of the press????新聞自由

????????????·In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned.????在民主國(guó)家，任何限制新聞自由的努力都理所當(dāng)然地受到譴責(zé)

????·issue?v.????發(fā)表，正式發(fā)行 (指郵票，股票，證券發(fā)行)

????????·A new series of stamps will be issued to commemorate the event.? ? 一套新的郵票將被發(fā)布去紀(jì)念這次事件

????·go to press????送到印刷廠印刷：將某物送到印刷廠進(jìn)行印刷

????????·Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.????與此同時(shí)，編輯開始不耐煩了，因?yàn)殡s志馬上就要付印了

????·pirate?adj.? ??盜版的；v.????盜??；n.????盜版者，侵犯專利權(quán)者

????????·pirated CDs / books / software????盜版 cd/書籍/軟件

fax n.????傳真

impatient adj.????不耐煩的

????·become/get/grow impatient (with sb. / sth.)????(對(duì)某人/某事物) 變得不耐煩了

????????·Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.????與此同時(shí)，編輯開始不耐煩了，因?yàn)殡s志馬上就要付印了

????????·We are growing impatient with the lack of results.????我們對(duì)缺乏結(jié)果越來越不耐煩了

????·be impatient to do sth.????迫不及待地想做某事

????????·Many graduates are impatient to become managers.????許多畢業(yè)生急于成為管理者

????????·She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on.

????·be eager/anxious/itching/dying/desperate to do ...????急切/焦急/癢癢的/急死了/不顧一切?做

????·can't wait to do ...????迫不及待地想做某事：表示非常期待或渴望做某事，無法等待

????·impatience?n.????不耐煩，無耐心；熱切，急切????????patience?n.????耐心；耐性????????patient?adj.????能忍耐的，有耐心的

fire v.????解雇

????·fire/dismiss sb. from ...????開除/解雇 某人 …

????????·I've just been fired from my job, and l don't know what to do.????我剛剛被解雇了，我不知道該怎么辦

????????·She claims she was uniairly dismissed from her post.????她聲稱自己被不公平地解雇了

????????·The poor girl was dismissed instantly.????這個(gè)可憐的女孩立刻被解雇了

????·lose one's job????失去工作

????????·Many people won't complain about pay and conditions because they're terrified of losing their jobs.????許多人不會(huì)抱怨工資和工作條件，因?yàn)樗麄兒ε率スぷ?/p>

? ? ·lay off????解雇（員工）；裁員

????????·Millions of people have been laid off in the steel industry.????鋼鐵行業(yè)已經(jīng)有數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的人被解雇

????·laid-off workers????被解雇的工人

????·suspend v.????使暫時(shí)停職

????????·The two police officers have been suspended until an enquiry is carried out.????在進(jìn)行調(diào)查之前，這兩名警察已被停職

????·depose?vt.????免職；作證；廢黜 (優(yōu)指國(guó)王)

????????·King Charles I was deposed from the English throne in 1646.????1646年，英國(guó)國(guó)王查理一世被廢黜

originally adv.????起初,原先，從前????in the beginning, before other things happened or before things changed

????·The building was originally used as a prison.????這座建筑最初是用作監(jiān)獄的

????·His novels were originally published in serial form ina magazine.????他的小說最初以連載的形式發(fā)表在雜志上

????·The seninar originally scheduled for today has been cancelled.????原定今天舉行的研討會(huì)取消了

????·at the beginning/start????在開始時(shí)

????????·She was nervous at the beginning but she settled down as she got further into her speech.????她開始時(shí)很緊張，但隨著演講的深入，她平靜下來了

????·at first/initially????最初

????????·They offered her the job, initially on a temporary basis but later as a full member of the staff.????他們給了她這份工作，起初是臨時(shí)的，后來成為正式員工

????·to start with?adv.????首先；作為開始/to begin with?首先，開始時(shí)

????????·Even children who are healthy to begin with wouldn't survive long in these terrible conditions.????即使是原本健康的孩子在這種惡劣的環(huán)境下也活不了多久

????·origin?n.????起源，起因

????????·All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of things.????在我看來，這一切似乎把他們與生命和萬(wàn)物的起源聯(lián)系在一起

????????·We must conclude from the work of those who have studied the origin of life, that given a planet only approximately like our own, life is almost certain to start.????根據(jù)那些研究生命起源的人的工作，我們必須得出這樣的結(jié)論:如果有一顆行星與我們的地球大致相似，那么幾乎肯定會(huì)產(chǎn)生生命

????·original?adj.????起初的，原先的；新穎的；有獨(dú)到見解的

????????·the original meaning of the word????????這個(gè)詞的原意

????????·a highly original design????高度原創(chuàng)的設(shè)計(jì)

????·originality?n.????獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，創(chuàng)意

????????·A lot of his designs lack originality.????他的許多設(shè)計(jì)缺乏獨(dú)創(chuàng)性

????????·a young writer of great originality????極具獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的年輕作家

·本課句型

????Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president’s palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace.' The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.

????The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace.

? ? Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.

????·go to extremes to do sth. 過分地……，在某方面走極端

????????·造句:女孩子常常在減肥方面走極端。

????????????·girls often go to extremes to lose weight.

????????·造句:有些父母常常過分地滿足孩子的需要。

? ? ? ? ? ? ·some parents often go to extremes to?satisfy the needs of their?children.

????????·造句:阿爾弗雷德·布洛格斯過分地追求(seek) 成為白領(lǐng)工人的特權(quán)。

????????????·Alfred Bloggs went to extremes to seek the privilege of becoming a white-collar worker.

????·provide sb. with sth. = provide sth.?for sb.????為某人提供某物?(哪個(gè)長(zhǎng)把那個(gè)放后面)

????????·If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer.????如果你不需要鄉(xiāng)村那一點(diǎn)田園生活的樂趣，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)城市可以為你提供生活中最美好的東西

? ? ? ? ·Colleges provide accommodation for all first-year oadergraduate students.????學(xué)院為所有一年級(jí)本科生提供住宿

????·類似地表達(dá)

????????·offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.????給某人提供某物?(哪個(gè)長(zhǎng)把那個(gè)放后面)

????????????·They offered him a very good job, but he turned it down.????他們給了他一份很好的工作，但他拒絕了

????????????·The drama school offers places to students who can show talent.

????·unimportant 可替換為：trivial; trifling; insignificant

????·facts and statistics 那個(gè)單詞長(zhǎng)那個(gè)單詞放后面

????????·fruit and vegetables????fruit 水果除非表示種類，否則為不可數(shù)的

????????·fur and feather/birds and beasts????飛禽走獸

????????·bed and board/food and shelter????食宿

????????·food, shelter, clothing and transportation????衣食住行

????·模仿造句：某些網(wǎng)站常常過份地給訪問者提供令人眼花繚亂的大量的信息

? ? ? ? ·some wbesites often go to extermes to provide their visitors with?bewildering?amount?of information.

Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president’s palace in a new African republic.?

????·instruct sb. in sth.????教某人某方面的知識(shí)

????????·l instruct a class in history.????我教一個(gè)歷史課????????instructor?n.????教練，導(dǎo)師

????????·instruct/direct sb. to do? ? 命令，指派某人去做某事 (客觀的，正式地場(chǎng)合，詳細(xì)的說明行動(dòng)的步驟)

????????????·I have been instructed by the company to offer you a refund.????公司指示我給你退款

????????·order sb. to do????命令某人做某事 (用在有權(quán)力權(quán)威的人發(fā)號(hào)施令)

????????????·The policeman ordered the motorist to stop.????警察命令司機(jī)停車

????????·command sb. to do????命令某人做某事 (多用在軍隊(duì)中)

????????????·The officer commanded his men to open fire.????軍官命令他的士兵開火

????·had been?instructed?by????英語(yǔ)中用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)主題，本文的主題是這個(gè)?journalist 新聞工作者，所以用被動(dòng)

????·article on/about sth. (by sb.)????(由誰(shuí)寫的) 關(guān)于 ... 的文章

????????·an article on / about education by Mr. Smith????史密斯先生寫的一篇關(guān)于教育的文章

When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to publish it.

????·arrive 和 come 常表示到達(dá)

????????·The card arrived on my birthday.????賀卡是在我生日那天收到的

????????·A letter came for you this morning.????今天早上有一封信給你

????????·模仿造句：當(dāng)Jane收到信時(shí)，讀完第一句話就哭了。

????????????·When the latter came/arrived, Jane read the first sentence and then?cried.

The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace.'?

????·dozens of/scores of/hundreds of/thousands of/millions of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞????數(shù)十個(gè)/數(shù)十個(gè)/數(shù)百個(gè)/數(shù)千個(gè)/數(shù)百萬(wàn)個(gè)

????·tens of thousands of/ hundreds of thousands of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞????數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的/數(shù)十萬(wàn)的

????·thousands upon thousands of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞????成千上萬(wàn)的

????·lead to ...????到達(dá)，導(dǎo)致

????????·All roads lead to Rome.????條條大路通羅馬

????????·The path led to a tiny village perched on the steep sides of a mountain.????這條小路通向一個(gè)坐落在陡峭山坡上的小村莊

????????·This led to yet another angry argument.????這又導(dǎo)致了一場(chǎng)憤怒的爭(zhēng)論

????·surround?v.????圍繞，環(huán)繞；包圍

????????·Needless to say our house is now surrounded by a jungle.????不用說，我們的房子現(xiàn)在被叢林包圍了

????????·Looking up i saw that we were surrounded by children in rags who were looking at us silently as we ate.????我抬頭一看，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們被一群衣衫襤褸的孩子包圍著，他們?cè)谖覀兂燥垥r(shí)默默地看著我們

????????·surrounding?adj.????周圍的，附近的

????????????·Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.????冬天來了，這些小山對(duì)周圍的村莊構(gòu)成了毀滅的威脅，因?yàn)榇笥瓴粌H會(huì)沖走土壤，還會(huì)引起嚴(yán)重的洪水

The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.

????·send sb. a fax/a letter/an email/a card????給某人發(fā) 傳真/一封信/電子郵件/卡片

????·get/receive a fax/aletter/an email/a card from ...????收到來自 … 的 傳真/信件/電子郵件/卡片

????·instructing 動(dòng)名詞作后置定語(yǔ)? ??

????·find out：get information 得到信息????????find：找到具體的東西

????????·She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.????她想知道這件衣服穿起來是否舒服

????????·One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart.????一天晚上，獄卒決定和他的同事開個(gè)玩笑，看看他表演了這么多次后，是否已經(jīng)把信的內(nèi)容背熟了

????????·He could not find his fifty pence piece anywhere, and what is more, he could no get his arm out.????他到處找不到他的五十便士的硬幣，而且他的胳膊也伸不出來

????·模仿造句:這位經(jīng)理立刻給他的秘書發(fā)了一封email，要求她了解一下即將出席會(huì)議的確切人數(shù)。

????????·The manager at once?sent?his?secretary a email?instruction her?to?find out?the exact number of people who will attend the?meeting.

The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.?

????·immediately = at once

????·set out: to start a journey, especially a long journey????開始旅行開始旅行，尤指長(zhǎng)途旅行

????????·Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England.????這兩艘船都于1872年6月18日從上海出發(fā)，開始了一場(chǎng)前往英國(guó)的激動(dòng)人心的比賽

????????·Four days after setting out, while theTitanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge icederg was suddenly spotted by a look-out.????起航四天后，當(dāng)泰坦尼克號(hào)航行在北大西洋冰冷的海面上時(shí)，一位瞭望員突然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座巨大的冰山

????·set out to do sth.：begin a job, task, etc with a particular aim or goa!????帶著特定的目標(biāo)開始一項(xiàng)工作、任務(wù)等

????????·Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.????迪米特里立刻出發(fā)去找小偷

????????·True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves.????真正古怪的人從不刻意引人注意

????·事物/人 作主語(yǔ) +?took + 時(shí)間????某 事物/人 花費(fèi)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

????????·I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than l expected.????我最近去遠(yuǎn)足了，但是這次旅行花的時(shí)間比我預(yù)計(jì)的要長(zhǎng)

????????·Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time.????即使你在理想的天氣里旅行，海上旅行也要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

????????·It took me over half ar hour to get rid of him.????我花了半個(gè)多小時(shí)才擺脫他

????????·I took just ten minutes to solve that problem.????我只用了十分鐘就解決了那個(gè)問題

????????·He always takes so long to eat his breakfast.????他總是花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間吃早餐

????????·而 spend ... on sth./(in) doing sth. 主語(yǔ)必須是人

????????????·I argued that if I spent less time exhausting myself at exercises in the morning i would keep my mind fresh for reading when i got home from work.????我辯解說，如果我早上少花些時(shí)間鍛煉，下班回家后就能保持精神抖擻地讀書

????????????·One, to my certain knowledge, spent nine months on a novel about Kashmir, then reset the whele thing in the Scottish Highlands.

????·模仿造句:這位秘書立刻著手核實(shí)(verify)這些重要的事實(shí)，但是她花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才完成。

????????·The secretary immediately set out to verify these important facts, but she took a long time to finish it.

Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.

????·Meanwhile = at the same time = (in the) meantime

????????·I continued working. Meantime, he went out shopping.????我繼續(xù)工作。與此同時(shí)，他出去購(gòu)物了

????????·It took the police nearly an hour to get the traffic on the move again. In the meantime, the lorry-driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken botties.????警察花了將近一個(gè)小時(shí)才使交通恢復(fù)正常。與此同時(shí)，卡車司機(jī)不得不清理數(shù)百個(gè)破碎的瓶子

He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply.?

????·one more = another

????·two more = another two

????????·In another two weoks it'll be finished.????再過兩個(gè)星期就完成了

????????·In two more weeks t'll be finished.????再過兩個(gè)星期就完成了

He sent?yet?another fax?informing?the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.

????·yet/still one more/another/bigger????放在這幾個(gè)詞和比較級(jí)之前進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣

????????·This led to yet another angry argument.????這又引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)憤怒的爭(zhēng)論

????????·yet/still one more example????還有一個(gè)例子

????????·He's given us yet/still?more work to do.????他給了我們更多的工作要做

????????·Inflation had risen to a yet/still?higher level.????通貨膨脹已上升到更高的水平

????????·Well, what that boils down to is yet another delay in our schedule.????那就意味著我們的計(jì)劃又要推遲了

????·inform sb. of sth.

????·inform sb. that ...????that 引導(dǎo)的從句不用在借此后

????????·in that ...????but/except that ...????兩個(gè)例外情況，符合連詞
????·模仿造句: 綁匪(kidnapper) 又寄了一封匿名信 (anonymous letter)，通知老太太如果她報(bào)警，她就再也看不到她兒子了。

????????·Kidnapper sent?yet?another anonymous letter?informing?the old lady that if he called the police?she would never?see her son again.

When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.?

????·reluctantly = unwillingly????不情愿地

????????·I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantly followed Robert out of the room.????我不喜歡這個(gè)主意，我不情愿地跟著羅伯特走出了房間

????????·The country was drawn unwillingly into the war.????這個(gè)國(guó)家不情愿地卷入了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)

????·造句:當(dāng)再一次未能得到簽證 (visa) 時(shí)，我們不情愿地按照原計(jì)劃在國(guó)內(nèi)旅行(go on a domestic journey)。

????·When we again failed to get visas, we reluctantly went on a domestic journey as it had originally been planned.

A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.?

????·not only ... but ... as well????

????·not only ... but ...

????·not only ... but also ...

????????·This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.????這種愛好不僅能使人在所選的學(xué)科上得到教育，而且能使人在與之有關(guān)的一般事物上得到教育

????????·At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen water-tighk compartments.????然而，在當(dāng)時(shí)，它不僅是有史以來建造的最大的船，而且被認(rèn)為是永不沉沒的，因?yàn)樗?6個(gè)不透水的艙室

????????·These days, advertisers not only offer free samples but free cars, free houses, and free trips round the world as well.????如今，廣告商不僅提供免費(fèi)樣品，還提供免費(fèi)汽車、免費(fèi)房屋和免費(fèi)環(huán)球旅行

????·not?引起部分導(dǎo)致，把 had?前提，叫部分倒裝

????·部分倒裝：只把助動(dòng)詞，be動(dòng)詞(之前沒有其他助動(dòng)詞)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前。

????????·1、否定詞位于句首(如:not only, not until, neither, nor, never, hardly, barely, scarcely, few, little, rarely, seldom, under no circumstances, in no way, ... ) 。

????????????·Nor is the city without its moments of beauty.????這座城市也不是沒有美麗的時(shí)刻

????????????·Neither was I surprised when the train stopped at Widley, a tiny station a few miles along the line.????當(dāng)火車在幾英里外的一個(gè)小站威德利停了下來時(shí)，我也不感到驚訝

????????????·Never have I seen such a good movie.????我從來沒有看過這么好的電影

????????????·Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.

????????????·Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.

????????·2.“only + 狀語(yǔ)” 位于句首。加普通狀語(yǔ)翻譯為 “只有 ... 才”，加時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)翻譯為 “直到 ... 才”

????????????·Only then did he realize that he was mistaken.????直到那時(shí)他才意識(shí)到自己錯(cuò)了

????????????·Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything????只有努力工作，我們才能成功做任何事情

????????????·Only?after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother will it learn how to swim.????只有當(dāng)小海豹被它的媽媽推進(jìn)海里后，它才會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)游泳

????????????·Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.

????????·3、such, so, well, often, many a time 等表示程度、頻率的副詞位于句首。

????????????·Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.????這是人之常情，許多人往往愿意犧牲較高的工資來?yè)Q取成為白領(lǐng)的特權(quán)

????????????·So great is our passion for doing things for ourselves, that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour.????我們?yōu)樽约鹤鍪碌臒崆槭侨绱酥?，以至于我們?cè)絹碓讲灰蕾噷I(yè)勞動(dòng)力

????????????·Well did I know him and well did he know me.????我很了解他，他也很了解我

????????????·often did it snow thero.????那里經(jīng)常下雪

????????????·Many a time has he given me good advice.????他多次給我提出好建議

????????????·造句練習(xí):你不但嚇了我一跳，而且可能把村子里所有人都吵醒了。

????????????????·Not only did you give me a surprise, but you've probably?woken uo everyone in the village?as well.

????????????·造句練習(xí): 不但有幾個(gè)人抱怨說在夜里聽見了“像貓一樣的噪音”，而且一位釣魚途中的商人還看見那只美洲獅在樹上。

????????????????·Not?only did?several people complain?of?'cat-like?noise' at night, but a?businessman on the?fishing trip saw the?puma up a?tree as well.

However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace.

????·in which 定語(yǔ)從句修飾 fax

????·狀語(yǔ)從句的省略：

????????·狀語(yǔ)從句中如果滿足以下兩個(gè)條件:

????????·1.狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致。

????????·2.狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)包含be動(dòng)詞。

????????·則可同時(shí)省略狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和其后的be動(dòng)詞。

????????·Metals expand when they are heated and contract when they are cooled.????金屬受熱膨脹，受冷收縮

????????????·省略后：-》Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled.

????????·Francis Preston Blair Jr., although he was born in Kentucky, lived and practiced in Missouri.????小弗朗西斯·普雷斯頓·布萊爾雖然出生在肯塔基州，但在密蘇里州生活和工作

? ? ????????·省略后：-》Francis Preston Blair Jr., although?born in Kentucky, lived and?practiced in Missouri.

????????????·本文原句：However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax?in which?he informed the editor that he had been arrested?while (he had been) counting?the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace.

????·模仿造句：來自于倫敦動(dòng)物園的專家最終打了一個(gè)電話，在電話中他通知?jiǎng)游飯@說，這只美洲獅在正從一座古廟逃跑的時(shí)候被抓住了，這座古廟位于距離倫敦幾乎有一百英里遠(yuǎn)的一座200米高的小山上。

????????·The expert?from London Zoo had at last made a telephone call?in which?he?informed the zoo that the puma?had been?caught?while?escaping from an?ancient temple standing?on a 200-meter?hill which was almost?100 miles from London.