The reform and opening-up process started in more than 30 year ago, greatly improving the living standard of Chinese people with a generation. By 2013, the grain output of China had increased for 10 years in a row, basically meeting the food needs of 1.3 billion people. Nine-year compulsory education benefits 0.16 billion students and basic public medical service cover all urban and rural residents. However, over 0.2 billion Chinese still live in the underdeveloped rural areas. The development between urban and rural areas and among regions is uneven and the per capita GDP in some provinces of mainland reaches only one third of the per capita GDP in coast areas.