多鄰國(guó)世界語(yǔ)新版tips and notes Family 家庭篇(中英對(duì)照)

Ge-
Most words relating to the family are male by default. The suffix?-in?(female) and the prefix?ge-?(both genders) can be added to change the meaning. For example:
大多數(shù)與家庭相關(guān)的詞都是默認(rèn)為男性的。后綴-in(陰性詞綴)和前綴ge-可以和這些單詞組合來改變單詞的意思。例如:


The prefix?pra-?means long ago, in the distant past :
前綴pra-意為很久之前,遠(yuǎn)古:

Note also:
留意:
prahistorio?= prehistory(史前)
prahomo?= ancient man (古代人)

Amik(in)o, Koramik(in)o
Note that?amiko?and?amikino?are?not?equivalent to the English "boyfriend" and "girlfriend".
Amiko和amikino這兩個(gè)詞并不等同于英語(yǔ)里面的boyfriend和girlfriend
To describe a romantic relationship, we use the terms?koramiko?and?koramikino("heart-friend").
若想描述情侶關(guān)系,我們使用koramiko和koramikino(直譯過來就是談心好友)

Sia
The possessive pronoun?sia?means his own, her own, its own or their own. It always refers back to the subject.
物主代詞“sia”的意思是他自己,她自己,它自己或者他們自己。通常指代的是主語(yǔ)本身。
Li?vidas?sian?hundon.
He?sees?his?[own] dog.
他看他自己的狗
Li?vidas?lian?hundon.
He?sees?his?[someone else's] dog.
他看他(另一個(gè)人)的狗
Ili?nun estas en?sia?hejmo.?They?are now in?their?[own] home.
他們現(xiàn)在在他們自己的家
Ili?nun estas en?ilia?hejmo.?They?are now in?their?[their friends'] home.
他們現(xiàn)在在他們(他們朋友的)家
Note that?sia?is not used when the subject of the concerned clause is?mi,?ni, or?vi. In these cases use its standard possessive pronoun:
要注意,當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是mi、ni、vi的時(shí)候,我們并不是用sia來指代主語(yǔ),在這些情況下,我們使用的是基本物主代詞
Vi?havas?vian?hundon.
You?have?your?[own] dog.
你有你的狗

Kiel
Kiel?means "as" in the following kinds of sentences. Remember to add the accusative -n when?kiel?comes between two words that both function as direct objects:
在下面的句子中,Kiel的意思是“as”。當(dāng)kiel放在兩個(gè)作為直接賓語(yǔ)的詞之間時(shí),這兩個(gè)詞都要加賓格“-n”
?i traktas lin kiel fraton.
She treats him like a brother.
她待他如兄弟
Li amas sian nevinon kiel filinon.
He loves his niece like a daughter.
他愛他的侄女就像愛他女兒一樣

Kiom a?as
How old are you?
Kiom?vi a?as?
(Literally: How much you are-age?)
你幾歲了?(直譯:你年齡多少了?)? 24-jaraj,esperantisto desu
Kiom?is used with age, since age is a quantity (of years).
Kiom可以和年齡一起使用,因?yàn)槟挲g也是數(shù)量的一種
Note: An alternative way to ask someone's age is?Kiom da jaroj vi havas??(Literally "How many years do you have?") .
另一種詢問他人年齡的句子是“Kiom da jaroj vi havas?”(直譯過來就是你有多少年了?)
原文:www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Family/tips-and-notes
翻譯:vanilo