Practice 1? ?基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

真題模擬訓(xùn)練

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) It studied the kinds of vitamins from food.

B) Its participants are all adults from the U.S.

C) It finds vitamins could cause death from cancer.

D) It ran as long as 30 years in total.

2. A) Consuming high levels of calcium from supplements.

B) Consulting doctors before taking supplements.

C) Taking part in a national health survey every year.

D) Measuring what to consume regularly.

聽力原文與答案

A new study finds that vitamins from food — not supplements —are linked with longer life.

(1) The study analyzed information from more than 27,000 adults in the U.S. ages 20 and up. The participants took part in a national health survey between 1999 and 2010. Interviewers asked participants about what they ate in the last 24 hours, and whether they had taken supplements in the last 30 days. Participants were then tracked for about six years.

The study found that people who consume adequate amounts of vitamin K had a lower risk of death during the study period.

But when the researchers considered the source of these nutrients — food vs supplements — only nutrients from food were tied to a lower risk of death. Consuming high levels of calcium from supplements was linked to a higher risk of death from cancer.

(2) People should speak with their doctor before taking supplements, the researchers recommend.

Still, the researchers noted that they didn't objectively measure what participants consumed, but instead relied on their self reports, which may not be entirely accurate.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

Q1. What do we learn about the new study from the news report?

A) It studied the kinds of vitamins from food.

B) Its participants are all adults from the U.S.

C) It finds vitamins could cause death from cancer.

D) It ran as long as 30 years in total.

答案：B)

Q2. What is the researchers’ recommendation?

A) Consuming high levels of calcium from supplements.

B) Consulting doctors before taking supplements.

C) Taking part in a national health survey every year.

D) Measuring what to consume regularly.

答案：B)

Practice 2 能力進(jìn)階

1. 真題模擬訓(xùn)練

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) It studied the relationship between nut intake and colon cancer.

B) Its participants all eat three or more servings of nuts a week.

C) Its findings reduced a person’s risk of colon cancer.

D) It finds women have a lower risk of colon cancer than men.

2. A) They include fiber and vitamin E.

B) They are prefered by women than men.

C) They are very common in people’s daily diet.

D) They may cause lower risk of colon cancer.

聽力原文與答案

(1) New findings from South Korea suggest that a nut-rich diet may reduce a person's risk of colon cancer.

To examine the relationship between eating nuts and colon cancer risk, the researchers looked at 923 patients who had been diagnosed with colon cancer and compared their diets with those of 1,846 people who did not have colon cancer.

The researchers found that men who reported eating three or more servings of nuts a week had a 69 percent lower risk of colon cancer than those who reported eating no nuts. Women who ate three or more servings had an 81 percent lower risk than those who ate no nuts, according to the study.

The study does not prove a cause-and-effect relationship between eating nuts and having a lower risk of colon cancer, the researchers said. (2) However, the researchers assumed that some of the compounds, including fiber, found in nuts may help reduce a person's risk of colon cancer.

The researchers also noted that a limitation of the study is that participants were asked to recall their own nut intake, and it's possible that they may have made mistakes.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

Q1. What do we learn about the new findings from the news report?

A) It studied the relationship between nut intake and colon cancer.

B) Its participants all eat three or more servings of nuts a week.

C) Its findings reduced a person’s risk of colon cancer.

D) It finds women have a lower risk of colon cancer than men.

答案：A）

Q2. What does the researchers say about the the compounds in nuts?

A) They include fiber and vitamin E.

B) They are prefered by women than men.

C) They are very common in people’s daily diet.

D) They may cause lower risk of colon cancer.

答案：D)

2. 語法訓(xùn)練

分析下列句子成分并翻譯成中文

1)New findings from South Korea suggest that a nut-rich diet may reduce a person's risk of colon cancer.

2)The researchers found that men who reported eating three or more servings of nuts a week had a 69 percent lower risk of colon cancer than those who reported eating no nuts.

3)The researchers also noted that a limitation of the study is that participants were asked to recall their own nut intake, and it's possible that they may have made mistakes.

3.?分析文章脈絡(luò)與設(shè)題點(diǎn)

(1)?New findings from South Korea suggest that a nut-rich diet may reduce a person's risk of colon cancer.

To examine the relationship between eating nuts and colon cancer risk, the researchers looked at 923 patients who had been diagnosed with colon cancer and compared their diets with those of 1,846 people who did not have colon cancer.

The researchers found that men who reported eating three or more servings of nuts a week had a 69 percent lower risk of colon cancer than those who reported eating no nuts. Women who ate three or more servings had an 81 percent lower risk than those who ate no nuts, according to the study.

The study does not prove a cause-and-effect relationship between eating nuts and having a lower risk of colon cancer, the researchers said. (2)?However, the researchers assumed that some of the compounds, including fiber, found in nuts may help reduce a person's risk of colon cancer.

The researchers also noted that a limitation of the study is that participants were asked to recall their own nut intake, and it's possible that they may have made mistakes.

Practice 3 挑戰(zhàn)巔峰

按照真題的格式，參考本節(jié)分析與練習(xí)，將下面文章改寫成一篇150-200字之間的新聞并出兩道選擇題。

Yes, Dads Give Kids Less-Healthy Food: Here's Why

It's a childhood memory that many people may have: When Mom isn't home for dinner, Dad takes charge … and orders pizza. Or throws some hot dogs in the microwave. Either way, it's not a choice Mom approves of.

Now, a small new study shows that dads really do make less-healthy choices when feeding the family — and this can take a toll on moms.

Study author Priya Fielding-Singh, a doctoral candidate in sociology at Stanford University in California, said she was not surprised that the fathers in the study did less housework, including both "food work" and childcare, than mothers — indeed, national data has previously shown this unequal division of labor is common. But what was surprising in the new study was that dads' lack of involvement in feeding the family can really take a toll on moms, Fielding-Singh said.

"Many dads are less invested in some of the healthy-eating priorities that moms really hold dear," and that can lead to more work, and more stress, for moms, Fielding-Singh told Live Science. And teens take note of these family dynamics, she added.

In the study, published online in June in the journal Appetite, Fielding-Singh interviewed 42 moms, 14 dads and 53 teens from more than 40 families in the San Francisco Bay Area and asked about family responsibilities when it came to family meals. All of the families were middle class or upper-middle class.

Fielding-Singh found that in 41 of the 44 families included in the study, the family members agreed that Dad's eating habits were less healthy than Mom's. It wasn't just that the moms considered themselves healthier than their husbands, Fielding-Singh noted: The dads agreed.

Set dynamics?

Though some of the moms in the study said they were happy to do most of the work required to feed the family, other moms said they wanted the dads to do more, such as grocery shopping and cooking, Fielding-Singh said.

But there was a catch: Moms felt that if they let dads do these tasks, the food would end up being less healthy, Fielding-Singh said. So, by letting dads more to do, moms felt like they were being worse caregivers to their children. This, in turn, made moms feel guilty — so they kept doing most of the tasks themselves, instead of delegating them to dads.

"Even though some moms were unhappy with it, few saw that there could be an alternative," Fielding-Singh said. "There was definitely a resignation" on the part of moms, she added.

Some of that resignation may stem from deeply embedded gender roles.

"Feeding families is very central to motherhood," she said. "We hold mothers accountable for the foods that families eat." Mothers often judge themselves, and other moms, by how well they feed their families, she noted.

Dads, on the other hand, aren't usually seen as being responsible for feeding the family, Fielding-Singh said. Instead, fathers have typically been judged by how well they support their families financially and more recently, how involved they are in children's lives. But getting kids to eat healthy? That didn't factor in as an important part of being a father, she said.

"It's not that the husbands were trying to be unfair to their wives" by not taking on the responsibilities of food work, she said. Dads weren't trying to hurt their kids diets or make the moms' lives harder, for example. "They simply didn't see it as their responsibility to be making sure that kids were eating healthy — they saw it as Mom's responsibility." And moms, she added, also saw it as Mom's responsibility.

But it's possible that this division of labor between husbands and wives wasn't always present in the couples' relationship. As a part of her interviews, Fielding-Singh said that she asked parents what changed about the way they approached food once they had kids. "What was striking," she said, was that "almost every mother" said things changed after she had kids, but the responses were more mixed among dads. In other words, many women seemed to become more concerned about the healthiness of food, rather than the men getting less concerned.

That means that it's possible things were more equal before kids came into the picture, Fielding-Singh said. But "because feeding is so gendered, it's almost as if this dynamic was created whereby mothers instantly cared more" once they had children.

Teens take note

The division of labor between Mom and Dad didn't just affect their own relationships; these differences in approaches to feeding the family also stood out to parents' teenage children, the study found.

The teens interviewed "very clearly understood and articulated that their parents had different priorities around healthy eating," Fielding-Singh said.

This divided approach is notable because kids could view their parents as a united front or solid unit, Fielding-Singh said. For example, teens might say, "my parents"care about my education — but this is not the case with food. Instead, teens might say, "my mom" cares about eating healthy, but "my dad" doesn't.

One of the reasons this matters, Fielding-Singh noted, is that teens observe their parents, and they learn how to behave, in part, from what they see their parents do. And in the study, many daughters watched their moms do the food work and the health work, and many sons watched their dads, and saw that their dads left the work to their moms, she said.

The fact that teens picked up on this "so clearly" means that "there's a real possibility that this one of the ways gender norms are transmitted," Fielding-Singh said.

--The End--