5 Essential Soft Skills to Develop in Any Job

被解雇總是會讓人備受打擊——即使你可能已經提前預料到了。如果能拿到一筆離職金，或許短期內會感覺還不錯，但可能有一天你得去找個本行業(yè)外的工作用以支付生活開銷（可能是零售業(yè)、食品服務或者酒店行業(yè)）。不過，找這樣一份工作仍然能推動你的事業(yè)發(fā)展。

Being laid off is a shock — even if you see it coming. If you’re eligible for severance pay, you might feel okay for a while, but there may come a point when you need to take a job outside of your profession to pay the bills (maybe in retail, food service, or hospitality). But landing a job outside of your industry can still move your career forward.

以下我們將介紹在非原行業(yè)工作時可以實操和學習的技能，以及如何將它們寫入簡歷中。

Here are the skills you can practice and learn while working outside of your chosen field, and how to position them on your resume.

在新工作中可以打磨的技能

Skills to hone when you’re in the role

若有可能，要找機會應用你原專業(yè)中積累的硬技能。比如，你原來在一家科技公司做財務，現在在當地餐館做老板或者服務生，想一下自己是否可以在夜晚結束時進行對賬，或者為訂購食物、飲料和其他用品進行財務規(guī)劃，以減少浪費。

If possible, look for ways to practice the hard skills from your profession. For example, if you worked in finance at a tech company and are now working as a host or server at a local restaurant, ask if you can do the reconciliation at the end of the night or the financial planning or modeling for ordering food, beverages, and supplies to cut down on waste.

如果沒法應用硬技能，那就關注一些軟技能，后者在各行各業(yè)都是必備的。不在原行業(yè)工作時，想想如何能培養(yǎng)或者提高這五項軟技能：

If you can’t use your hard skills, focus on soft skills, which are needed in every job in every industry. Consider how you can develop or improve these five soft skills while working outside of your chosen field:

1、有效溝通

任何行業(yè)的工作都有機會提高你的溝通技能，能夠替聽眾將復雜的問題簡單化是一項至關重要的能力。借助新工作來調整與每一位聽眾的溝通，并關注他們的反應。哪些話有用？哪些無效？比如有的人喜歡直接指導，有的人喜歡啟發(fā)式引導。對于前者，在溝通中直接提供指導；對于后者，要保持好奇心，像老師一樣允許他們自己想出解決辦法。以每個人喜歡的方式跟他們進行溝通，這對幾乎所有商業(yè)領域的成功都至關重要。

Effective communication

Working in any industry affords the opportunity to improve your communication skills. Being able to take complex problems and simplify them for all audiences is a critical capability. Use the new job to work on adjusting your communication to each audience you interact with and see how they receive what you say. What worked? What didn’t? For example, some people like direction and some people like to be empowered. For those who like direction, provide guidance in your communication, and for those who like to be empowered, be curious and coach to allow them to come up with their own resonant solutions. Delivering communication to each audience in the way they like to receive it is crucial for success in nearly every business.

2、團隊合作

在不同的工作崗位上，你可能有機會提高自己的團隊工作技能。例如，你能學習并應用新方法來解決沖突嗎？你能提高協調各利益相關方的能力嗎？與性格迥異、觀點不同的新同事共事，能夠獲得更多機會來提高這些人際交往的技能。

Teamwork

Depending on what kind of employment you found, you may have the opportunity to elevate your teamwork capabilities. For example, can you learn and practice new ways to resolve conflicts? Can you advance your ability to align stakeholders? Working with new people who have different personalities and perspectives will always provide opportunities to increase these interpersonal skills.

3、非權力影響

在非原行業(yè)工作，你可能會用到原來的工作經驗。比如，我之前的一位客戶丟掉了銷售工作，之后在她父親的一家小型營銷機構邊上班邊繼續(xù)找工作。她的銷售經驗使她很清楚哪些推銷策略有效、哪些無效，但她父親認為自己知道怎樣對公司而言才是最好的。所以她要費好大的勁才能說服父親換一種思考方式。在兩次無果的嘗試后，她學會了從父親的角度看待事情，并且以他的節(jié)奏來推進改革。她成功了，父親鼓勵她嘗試新的方法，后來業(yè)務量增長了20%。在成功推動父親的生意時，她也學會了如何更加有效地施加影響，這也對她的下一步職業(yè)發(fā)展很有幫助。

Influencing without authority

If you take a job in an industry outside your current career path, you may be able to use your experience to influence how the business runs. For example, I once had a client who lost her sales job and worked for her father at his small marketing agency while she continued to job search. Her experience in sales gave her great exposure to which marketing tactics work and which don’t. But her father believed he knew what was best for his company. She had to work incredibly hard to influence him to think in a different way. After two unsuccessful attempts, she worked to see things from her father’s perspective and brought him along on the journey of change at his pace. It worked, and her father encouraged her to try her approach, which increased business by 20%. While she was successful in driving her father’s business, she was also successful in learning how to influence more effectively, and that helped her in her next career move.

4、問題解決能力

任何工作都有挑戰(zhàn)。擅長解決問題——包括理解問題和根本原因，之后集思廣益想出解決方案和替代方案——體現了一個人邏輯推理的結構性思維。所以，要尋找新工作中的挑戰(zhàn)并通過創(chuàng)新性、建設性的方法解決問題。一旦實施了最佳方案，還要確定是否需要進行調整以確保長期成功。

Problem solving

Every job has challenges, some more complex than others. Being adept at problem solving — which includes understanding the problem and root cause, then brainstorming solutions and alternatives — shows structured thinking with logic-based reasoning. Look for challenges in the new job and actively work to solve problems in creative and constructive ways. Once you’ve implemented the best solution, determine if adjustments need to be made to ensure long-term success.

5、領導力

領導力指的是引導并影響他人最大化其能力以實現某個集體目標?；蛟S你想要成為原工作領域的經理但一直沒有機會，又或者你之前已經做過經理。無論哪種情況，都可以在任何工作中培養(yǎng)提高你的領導技能，在這些工作中你會提高傾聽、指導和引導能力，帶領團隊朝同一個方向前進。你還可以借助自己的領導經驗幫助下一代人培養(yǎng)領導技能，使他們完成職業(yè)目標。

Leadership

Leadership is about guiding and influencing others to maximize their capabilities to achieve a collective goal. Perhaps you want to be a manager in your chosen field and haven’t had the opportunity, or you’ve been a manager before. Either way, you can develop or improve your leadership skills in any job where you want to advance your listening, coaching, and guiding capabilities to align a group of people to move toward the same direction. You can also use any leadership experience you have to help the next generation develop their own leadership skills, which will help them achieve their career goals.

如何在簡歷中展現以上技能

How to translate these skills on your resume

在被解雇的頭幾個月，可以不將非原行業(yè)的新工作寫在簡歷上。但六個月后如果你還在原行業(yè)找工作的話，就得展示出自己一直沒扔掉的相關技能。

For the first few months after being laid off, you can leave a new job outside your industry off your resume. But if you’re still seeking employment in your chosen field after six months, you’ll want to show you’re keeping relevant skills fresh.

在簡歷上寫工作經歷時，要將經歷與職業(yè)路徑相結合。例如，如果你的職業(yè)一直是市場營銷，而現在你在一家零售店工作，那簡歷上需要這樣來介紹目前的這份工作：

When positioning your job on your resume, tie the experience to your career path. For example, if your career has always been in marketing and you’re working at a retail store, your resume could reflect your current job like this:

零售助理【零售店名】

● 通過親身觀察和交流建立起對顧客的深層次理解，為店鋪陳列提供專業(yè)建議以突出假日營銷活動。

● 與其他部門同事及外部供應商進行跨職能合作，以創(chuàng)新性的方法解決問題，推動業(yè)務發(fā)展。

● 適應不斷調整的工作優(yōu)先級，激勵團隊成員按時完成各項任務并為自己的工作感到自豪。

Retail Associate[Retail store name]

● Develop deep understanding of consumers through in-person observation and interaction, and provide expertise on store displays to highlight holiday marketing campaigns.

● Collaborate cross functionally with colleagues in other departments and external vendors to creatively solve problems in innovative ways that drive business.

● Adapt to changing priorities while inspiring team members to meet all deadlines and take pride in their work.

• 
  

這些文字包含了營銷工作職責的關鍵詞以及營銷行業(yè)的必備技能，但沒有提到收銀臺工作或者給貨架上貨。雖然后者可能是你每天的主要工作，但這些技能與營銷之間并無直接關聯。

This language includes keywords from marketing job descriptions and includes the skills needed in the marketing field. It doesn’t include working the cash register or stocking shelves, which may be most of your daily work responsibilities, because those skills aren’t directly relevant to marketing.

為避免技能生疏，你也可以在這段時間參加一些專業(yè)課程。如果有的話一定要在簡歷上著重強調一下，比如：

To keep your skills fresh, you may also decide to?take some professional courses?during this time. If you do, be sure to highlight them on your resume as well. For example:

繼續(xù)教育

● 由谷歌授予的數字營銷證書——Coursera在線課程（2022年12月）

●?《如何寫出爆款文案》——Skillshare在線課程（2023年01月）

● 內容營銷認證——HubSpot學院（2023年02月）

Continuing Education:

● Digital Marketing Certificate developed by Google – Coursera.org (December 2022)

● How to Write Copy That Sells – Skillshare (January 2023)

● Content Marketing Certification – HubSpot Academy (February 2023)

從事你所在行業(yè)之外的工作，其實展現了你的職業(yè)道德、責任心以及做任何事情來養(yǎng)活自己和家人的意愿，同時也表明了你愿意靈活工作，足夠堅定與機智以承擔一項從未做過的工作。不要低估自我驅動和堅持不懈的價值，任何雇主都會很高興招收一位已證明自己愿意參與各領域工作并能努力堅持下來的員工。

Taking a job outside your industry shows work ethic, accountability, and willingness to jump in and do anything to support yourself and your family. It also shows you’re willing to be flexible and can take on work you’ve never done before because you’re determined and resourceful. Don’t underestimate the value of self-motivation and perseverance. Any new employer would be thrilled to have someone who has demonstrated they’re willing to be involved in all areas of a job and do the hard work to persevere.

關鍵詞：職場

馬洛·萊昂斯（Marlo Lyons）| 文

馬洛·萊昂斯是一名經認證的職業(yè)生涯指導師和戰(zhàn)略家、人力資源主管，也是《想要一份新職業(yè)：轉向新職業(yè)或尋找夢想工作的權威指導手冊》一書的作者。

何婧 | 譯? ? ?周強 | 編校