在此特別說明：此文章轉(zhuǎn)載自尋飛易聽說公眾號并非自制

?原作者：訊飛小E? 訊飛易聽說

近日，某明星的新聞傳遍了各大網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體，除了痛斥不良行為，廣大群眾關(guān)于時間管理能力的討論更是火上了熱搜：

時間不在于你擁有多少，而在于你怎樣使用。

吃完瓜回到現(xiàn)實生活，在這個追求效率的時代，如何用更短的時間，更好地去工作與學(xué)習(xí)，提高效率與收益，也是我們每個人都在追求的目標(biāo)。英國《衛(wèi)報》（The Guardian）曾經(jīng)采訪了各行各業(yè)的成功人士，向他們討教高效的時間管理方法。借著吃瓜，這個周一我們就一起來了解下真正的高效能人士都是怎樣管理自己時間的吧～

Time management is a personal goal process, but there are a few key areas which everyone should consider. These five golden rules are designed for both entrepreneurs and their staff and should help you to become more productive than ever.

時間管理是個人目標(biāo)的過程，但是有幾個關(guān)鍵的方面是每個人都應(yīng)該考慮的。這五條黃金法則是為企業(yè)家和他們的員工設(shè)計的，可以幫助你比以往更有效率。

Five Golden Rules of Time Management

時間管理五大黃金準(zhǔn)則

第1條

The to-do list

列出待辦事項清單

To-do lists are typically done daily and are meant to help us focus on what's urgent and important. Time management expert and business consultant Mike Gardner recommends writing a to-do list at the same time every day. "It's generally agreed that they should be done at the same time every day, for me it's the night before," he says.?

待辦事項清單通常每日必列，旨在幫助我們把注意力放在緊急和重要的事情上。時間管理專家兼商業(yè)顧問邁克·加德納建議每天在同一時間列出待辦事項清單。他說：“人們普遍贊同待辦事項清單應(yīng)該在每天同一時間列出，我習(xí)慣在前一天晚上列出第二天要做的事?！?/p>

To-do lists are great for left-brain logical types, but for some they can be a problem. However, an action list of three things, which can only be done by the individual, should work for most people, he says. "I recommend that people write down three things they want to achieve and focus on those first. Take it as far as you can and then move on to the next thing."

待辦事項清單對于左腦邏輯思維型的人非常有用，但對某些人來說可能是個問題。不過，他表示，一份只列三件事的行動清單應(yīng)該對大多數(shù)人都有用，三件只能由個人獨力完成的事。他說：“我建議人們列出想要完成的三件事，并首先專注完成。 盡可能完成一件再做下一件?！?/p>

第2條

One task at a time

一次只做一件事

Concentration works best when it is focused on a task in hand. Constant interruptions break our train of thought and increase the time it takes to do tasks. It's not always possible to prevent every interruption, but don't float between tasks. Also, try to limit distractions and persuade others to leave you alone when you're busy.?

把注意力都專注在手頭任務(wù)時，做事效率最高。思路不斷被打斷，完成任務(wù)就得耗費更多時間。我們不太可能保證每一次都不被干擾，但是切記不要在任務(wù)之間來回切換。此外，盡量減少讓自己分心的事，說服別人不要在你正忙時打擾你。

"A two minute phone call takes away about 15 minutes of productivity if it interrupts an important task, similarly emails are very distracting," says Gardner. "I recommend only checking emails three times per day, in the morning, midday and evening. Also, I let calls go to voicemail if I am busy. In truth most people can do this. We wouldn't respond if we were in a meeting or at the hospital, so it is doable. Often it's about training others as to how you work and taking control," says Gardner.

加德納說：“如果一項重要的任務(wù)被一通兩分鐘的電話打斷，就會讓這15分鐘的工作沒有效率。電子郵件也一樣讓人分心。我建議每天只在早、中、晚三個時段各查看一次郵件。還有，我在忙的時候會將電話轉(zhuǎn)到語音信箱。事實上，大多數(shù)人都能做到這一點。既然我們開會時或在醫(yī)院里可以做到不接電話，那在其他時候一樣可以。通常，這就是要讓別人適應(yīng)你的工作節(jié)奏，讓自己掌控一切?！?/p>

第3條

Automate where possible

盡量自動化

With online tools emerging all the time, our existing working practices quickly become old-fashioned. A regular review of your current methods might well reveal ways of improving efficiency through automation. "If you've done it more than three times then create a system to do it for you," advises Nicola Bird, CEO and founder of online coaching company Jigsawbox.?

隨著在線工具不斷出現(xiàn)，我們現(xiàn)有的工作方式很快就會過時。定期回顧當(dāng)前使用的方法，很可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)用自動化提高效率的方式。線上輔導(dǎo)公司拼圖盒子的首席執(zhí)行官兼創(chuàng)始人尼克拉·伯德建議道：“如果同一件事你已經(jīng)做了三次以上，那就創(chuàng)建一個系統(tǒng)來幫你做吧?！?/p>

Bird built up her company while also raising a family and is a strong advocate of simplifying life wherever possible. Her company uses a range of easy to operate systems to handle emails, follow up on sales and handle admin. All systems must also undergo the 'Tilly Test' (named after Bird's young daughter), which means they must be so simple that even a child could understand them. "If you automate your income streams you can focus on the important things in life," she says.

伯德創(chuàng)立了自己的公司，同時也在養(yǎng)家，她強烈主張盡可能簡化生活。其公司使用一系列易于操作的系統(tǒng)處理電子郵件、跟進(jìn)銷售和處理行政工作。所有系統(tǒng)都必須經(jīng)受“蒂莉測試”（以伯德小女兒的名字命名），這意味著這些系統(tǒng)必須非常簡單，就連小孩子也能理解。伯德說：“如果把自己的收入流自動化，就能專注于生活中重要的事情。”

第4條

Parkinson's law

帕金森定律

"Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion," declared British civil servant Cyril Parkinson. It's a point which many have taken exception to over the years, but there does seem to be some truth in it. It's remarkable how much we can all achieve when pushed, so cut down on your workload by slashing the time spent doing it. Gardner reckons that if we really enjoy a task we tend to stretch out the time it takes to complete it and there's a great deal of procrastination in the workplace.?

英國公務(wù)員西里爾·帕金森宣稱：“只要還有時間，工作就會不斷擴展，直到用完所有時間?！倍嗄陙恚@一觀點并不為人認(rèn)同，但似乎確也有些道理。壓力狀態(tài)下，人們能夠完成相當(dāng)多的任務(wù)，所以可以通過削減工作時間來減少工作量。加德納認(rèn)為，如果我們確實享受某項任務(wù)，往往會延長完成該任務(wù)所需的時間，并且職場上還有大量拖延行為。

"Sometimes we should say: 'that's good enough'. It's not that we should not do good work, but that often we achieve 80 % of the task in 20% of the time we spend doing it. The rest of the time is spent attempting to perfect it, when really we should stick to time limits and complete the task."

“有時，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)說：'夠好了。'不是說我們不應(yīng)好好完成工作，而是我們通常僅用20％的時間就可以完成80％的任務(wù)。剩下的時間全用于盡力完善了，而實際上我們應(yīng)該遵守時限并按時完成?！?/p>

第5條

Take a break

休息一下

The final rule of time management is the most paradoxical of them all - do nothing. If we work around the clock, we become less productive, creative and prone to making costly mistakes. Everyone needs sleep, some time off and a little time to step back and think about things.?

時間管理的最后一條準(zhǔn)則是所有準(zhǔn)則中最奇怪的——什么都不做。如果晝夜不停地工作，效率和創(chuàng)造力就會下降，也容易犯下代價高昂的錯誤。人人都需要睡覺，需要有時間放松，還需要花點兒時間回顧和思考。

Angela Muir, head of leadership and people practice at Ashridge Business School, says all business owners need to take breaks, although the exact amount of time required is a personal decision. "There's no 'one size fits all' approach for holidays, the key things are about autonomy and control," she says. Muir also says that business owners that get too sucked into the world of work can dramatically reduce their effectiveness. A lack of sleep can reduce productivity by as much as 80% and mistakes are bound to follow.

阿什里奇商學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和實踐力項目主任安吉拉·繆爾認(rèn)為，所有的企業(yè)家都需要休息，盡管具體需要休息多長時間由個人決定。她說：“假期長短沒有一個人人適用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，關(guān)鍵在于自主和控制?！笨姞栠€認(rèn)為，太過沉迷于工作的企業(yè)家可能工作效率會極大降低。缺乏睡眠可能導(dǎo)致效率下降高達(dá)80%，錯誤也必將隨之產(chǎn)生。

Entrepreneurs are liable to burning out and should step back before they do so. "There's something about stepping away from the dance floor and going up to the balcony to look down on things for a while — stepping back and recharging your batteries is a good idea," Muir says.

企業(yè)家很容易勞累過度，他們應(yīng)該在精疲力盡之前后退一步?？姞栒f：“就好比離開舞池，走上陽臺，花點兒時間審視全局——后退一步，并給自己充充電，是個不錯的主意?！?/p>

「時間不在于你擁有多少，而在于你怎樣使用?！棺龊米约旱臅r間管理，無論是英語學(xué)科還是任何其他學(xué)科的學(xué)習(xí)都會事半功倍！