PART Ⅲ LANGUAGE USAGE（15 MIN）

The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:

For a wrong word， underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line．

For a missing word． mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line．

For an unnecessary word， cross the unnecessary word with a slash “／”and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line．

Example

When ∧ art museum wants a new exhibit， (1) __________an it never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) __________never them on the wall．When a natural history museum

?wants an exhibition, it must often build it． (3)__________exhibit

Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructed.

PART Ⅳ TRANSLATION（20MIN）

Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

白洋淀曾有“北國江南”的說法，但村舍的形制自具特色，與江南截然不同。南方多雨，屋頂是坡頂；這里的村舍則不同，屋頂是曬糧食的地方，而且歷史上每逢水大洪泛，村民就得把屋里的東西搬到屋頂上。房屋彼此挨得很近，有些屋頂幾乎相連。

PART Ⅴ WRITING（45MIN）

Read carefully the following two excerpts on consumption, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should:

1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then

2. comment on the role of consumption in human society, especially on whether consumption may lead todesirable or undesirable results.

You can support yourself with information from the excerpts.

Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

Excerpt 1

Consequences of consumerism

In Human Development Report 1998 Overview by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), “World consumption has expanded at an unprecedented pace over the 20th century, with private and public consumption expenditures reaching $24 trillion in 1998, twice the level of 1975 and six times that of 1950. In 1900 real consumption expenditure was barely $1.5 trillion.”

In September 2001, the BBC aired a documentary called “Shopology”, where psychologists looked into the psychology of shopping and consumerism in countries like Britain, USA and Japan and asked if it was healthy for consumers. Of the many points they raised, they observed that:

? Consumption now helps to define who we are;

? We essentially “buy” a lifestyle;

? Consumerism can increase stress for various reasons;

? To deal with social and consumerism pressures and their effects, people may on occasion consume even more to feel better;

? Rising consumer debt puts pressure on families.

Two years later, the BBC aired another documentary called “Spend, Spend, Spend.” It looked at the issues of whether or not the increased wealth and consumerism had led to more content and satisfied individuals. The documentary observed that research evidence seemed to suggest that increased wealth did not necessarily lead to more satisfaction in Britain. When interviewed in the program, Professor Andrew Oswald of Warwick University said that the key reason for this was because as we get wealthier there is often a tendency to compare more with others, which contributes to more anxiety. The “keeping up with the Joneses” syndrome. The implications of this are profound. As Oswald suggested, it is “hard to make society happier as they get richer and richer because human beings look constantly over their shoulders. That’s the curse of human beings; making comparisons.”

Excerpt 2

Consumption as a path to cultivation

Consumption, for George Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher, lies at the heart of the process through which people become cultivated, that is, grow to become participating, reflective members of society. This is because consumption provides an excellent site for the interaction between subject and object, which Simmel believed to be the key to cultivation. Subjectivity, the uniquely human capacity for self-reflection, which allows for the self-conscious construction of action and identity, is not naturally endowed; it only develops through the creative tension provided by interaction with objects (including people) existing in the world. For Simmel, consumption provides a vital forum for this subject-object interaction. Through consumption, people come to understand, instill meaning in, and act upon objects encountered in the world. Consumption provides people with the opportunity to refine themselves through interaction with objects in the world. In addition, by confronting, adapting, and integrating various world-views directly or indirectly demonstrated in consumption objects, people not only realize their potential as unique human beings, they also become well-socialized members of a society.

——THE END——

ANSWER SHEET 1 (TEM 8)

PART Ⅰ LOSTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

下列各題必須使用黑色字跡簽字筆在答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出矩形邊框限定區(qū)域的答案無效。

Body Language and Mind

Introduction

Body language reveals who we are.

Nonverbal expressions of（1）________ （1）__________________

? feeling powerful:（2）________ （2）__________________

一 e.g.athletics with arms up in a V sign

? feeling powerless:（3）________ （3）__________________

一 e.g.refusing to bump into the person nearby

? people’s behavior tends to become（4）________ （4）__________________

in a high-and low-power situation.

一 people don’t mirror each other.

? MBA students exhibit the full range of power nonverbals. 一 e.g.students with power have strong desire for（5）________ （5）__________________

? power nonverbals are also related to（6）________ （6）__________________

Relationship between（7）________ （7）__________________

? the powerful are more（8）________ （8）__________________

? hormones differ with（9）________ （9）__________________

? an experiment：一 procedure：一 adopting high-or low-power poses and completing items

— being given（10）________ （10）__________________

—having saliva tested

—results：一（11）________ ：much higher with high-power people （11）__________________

一 an increase in（12）________ in low-power people （12）__________________

一 hormonal changes:making brain（13）________ （13）__________________

Conclusion

? behavior can（14）________

? before getting into stressful situations （14）__________________

一 get your brain ready to（15）________ （15）__________________

ANSWER SHEET 3 (TEM 8)

PART Ⅲ LANGUAGE USAGE

下列各題必須使用黑色字跡簽字筆在答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出矩形邊框限定區(qū)域的答案無效。

Learning about Cognitive Grammar(CG), an approach to the analysis and description of language structure, is not easy. One reason is vast literature (1)__________________

that now exists in CG and in cognitive linguistics more generally; thanks to (2)__________________

limited accessibility, and its being situated in the Western linguistic tradition, this poses special problems for Chinese scholars. Another factor is that CG, (3)__________________

though is not implemented computationally or presented as a formal model, nonetheless involves considerable technical detail. Understanding it at depth, (4)__________________

or with any degree of accuracy, required precision of thought and analysis as (5)__________________

well as the mastering of many terms and notations. The final source of difficulty (6)__________________

is that CG results from non-standard ways of thinking language and linguistic (7)__________________

investigation. In particular, it departs away from tradition by viewing meaning (8)__________________

as the starting point for analyzing grammar, and conceptualization as the basis for describing meaning.

This book is hardly sufficient for a thorough knowledge of CG but may at least contribute to the process of learning about it. As it only introduces the basic (9)__________________

notions, its main purpose is to illustrate the framework’s descriptive and explanatory potential through extensive discussions of their application to diverse facets of language structure. (10)__________________