第四講

考研閱讀思路—— 細(xì)節(jié)題

（一）細(xì)節(jié)題

1 常見的命題模式

(1)According to the passage/ the author, who (what, where, which, when, why, how, etc.)

(2)Which of the following is true/correct/ false/not included?

(3)All of the following are (not) true, are (not) mentioned except .

(4)The author mentions all of the items listed below/all of the following except .

(5)We learn from the last paragraph (the first three paragraphs, the text) that .

細(xì)節(jié)題的考查內(nèi)容和形式可以說是五花八門，但是大致可以歸納為以下三種類型：

(1)According 型

Example 1

Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester

Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of

essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost

classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a

best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his

books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.

Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote.

Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for

the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition

in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.

24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?

[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.

[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.

[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.

[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.

(2)隱含的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)型

Example 2

Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job

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database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal

search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title,

and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose

the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first

notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the

employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.

21.How did Redmon find his job?

[A] By searching openings in a job database.

[B] By posting a matching position in a database.

[C] By using a special service of a database.

[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.

(3)正誤判斷題

這中間應(yīng)該特別提到的是后者，又稱 except 題型。其特點(diǎn)是題干中常常含有否定意義

詞匯 except，not (mentioned /true), least 等

Example 3

Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a

rapid distribution of goods at reasonable prices, thereby establishing a firm home market and so

making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it

helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an

increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the

costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as

much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled and travel by bus or tube

would cost 20 per cent more.

21.In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising?

[A] Securing greater fame. [B] Providing more jobs.

[C] Enhancing living standards. [D] Reducing newspaper cost.

（4）其他類型細(xì)節(jié)題

Example 4

The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The

process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with

unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won’t the

wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?”

What is the typical trend of businesses today?

[A] To take in more foreign funds.

[B] To invest more abroad.

[C] To combine and become bigger.

[D] To trade with more countries.

Example 5

I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie

the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and

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investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting

customers’ demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. As productivity

grows, the world’s wealth increases.

According to the author, one of the driving forces behind M&A wave is.

[A] the greater customer demands

[B] a surplus supply for the market

[C] a growing productivity

[D] the increase of the world’s wealth

Example 6： ：

Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of

Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of

Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced

medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems

of end-of-life care.

58. According to the NAS’s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is ________.

[A] prolonged medical procedures

[B] inadequate treatment of pain

[C] systematic drug abuse

[D] insufficient hospital care

Example 7

If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent

teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine,

could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity

and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock. B’s are

important and should be encouraged.

The selection of medical professionals are currently based on .

[A] candidates’sensitivity [B] academic achievements

[C] competitive spirit [D] surer values