? ? ?One of these new operations, known by the codename 'Sugar', was?run from premises occupied by a British firm dealing in imitation?jewellery. It traded under the name 'Gabions', not very profitably but?this did not matter much as it was financed by SIS and provided?excellent cover for the listening post. The Viennese young women?who visited the shop could hardly have imagined that right underneath?their feet recorders were taking down the telephone conversations of?senior officers in the Soviet military HQ.

【其中一項代號為“糖”的新計劃是在一家經(jīng)營仿制珠寶的英國公司實行的。它以“石籠”的名義進(jìn)行交易，利潤不高，但這無關(guān)緊要，因為它是由SIS資助的，并為監(jiān)聽站提供了很好的掩護(hù)。光顧這家商店的維也納年輕女性幾乎無法想象，就在她們的腳下，錄音機(jī)正在記錄蘇聯(lián)軍事總部高級軍官的電話通話?！?/p>

? ? ?The other operation, with the codename 'Lord', was run from a?smart, modern villa in one of Vienna's fashionable suburbs surrounded?by a green lawn kept in beautiful condition by an English major and his?attractive young wife. They were a well-known and much appreciated?couple in the mixed, international society of the Vienna of those days?and the parties they gave frequently lasted until the early hours of the?morning. I knew this major quite well from my days in the Dutch?section of SIS, of which I was a member during the last year of the?war. His name was John Wyke and he was, like me, partly of Dutch?origin. At that time he had been involved in dangerous intelligence?operations conducted from the liberated southern part of the?Netherlands across the rivers into the northern part which was still?occupied by the Germans.

【另一項代號為“勛爵”的行動是在維也納時尚郊區(qū)一幢時髦的別墅里進(jìn)行的，別墅周圍是一片綠色的草坪，由一位英國的少校和他年輕漂亮的妻子打理得非常漂亮。在當(dāng)時的維也納國際上流社會中，他們是很有名望的一對夫妻，他們舉辦的聚會常常持續(xù)到凌晨。我在SIS荷蘭分部的日子里就很了解這個計劃，在戰(zhàn)爭的最后一年我是該分部的一員。他叫約翰·懷克，和我一樣，有荷蘭血統(tǒng)。當(dāng)時，他參與了危險的情報行動，從荷蘭已解放的南部地區(qū)，跨越河流，進(jìn)入仍被德國占領(lǐng)的北部地區(qū)?！?/p>

? ? ?The material obtained from these three operations reached such?proportions that an overworked staff had to catch up with a three?months' backlog and a monthly had become a fortnightly summary?with several interim reports on special questions in between.

【從這三個行動獲得的材料如此之多，以致過度勞累的工作人員不得不趕完三個月的積壓工作，一個月的摘要變成了兩周一次的摘要，其間有幾份關(guān)于特別問題的臨時報告?！?/p>

? ? ?Very soon after the start of operation 'Conflict', it became clear that?the two fluent Russian speakers who had been sent to Vienna to?transcribe the tapped Soviet telephone conversations could not?possibly cope with all the material that was flowing in. Additional staff?had to be found. This was not easy. As anyone knows who has studied?a foreign language one has to reach a really high standard to be able to?follow telephone conversations. If it is borne in mind that the speakers in?this case were not radio or TV announcers but military personnel?using slang and technical terms and indulging in a great deal of bad?language, it becomes clear that only one whose native tongue is?Russian can effectively cope with such work. But such people were not?easy to find, especially as they had to be absolutely reliable from a?security point of view. Another difficulty was that there was a limit to?the number of additional staff which the Vienna station could?accommodate without drawing attention to its rapid expansion. It was?therefore decided quite early on to transfer the processing side of the?operation to London.

【在“沖突”行動開始后不久，情況就變得很明晰，被派到維也納抄錄被竊聽的蘇聯(lián)電話的兩名講流利俄語的人員不可能處理所有源源不斷的材料。必須增加工作人員。這并不簡單。任何人都知道，學(xué)習(xí)過一門外語的人必須達(dá)到很高的水平才能聽懂電話對話。并且在這種情況下說話的人不是電臺或電視播音員，而是使用俚語和技術(shù)術(shù)語，并習(xí)慣于說大量污言穢語的軍事人員，那么很明顯，只有母語是俄語的人才能有效地應(yīng)付這種工作。但這樣的人并不容易找到，特別是從安全的角度來看，他們必須是絕對可靠的。另一個困難是，在不引起注意并迅速擴(kuò)大的情況下，維也納站所能容納的額外工作人員的數(shù)目是有限的。因此，很早就決定將該行動的處理工作轉(zhuǎn)移到倫敦?！?br>

? ? ?There was at that time in Head Office a small section, known by the?symbol 'N' which, among such tasks as opening diplomatic mailbags?undetected, when an opportunity to do so occurred, also studied?conversations of foreign diplomats whose telephones were being?tapped by MI5 for any matters of intelligence interest they might?contain. The first impulse was therefore to make 'N' responsible for?processing the 'Conflict' material. But 'N' was located in Head Office?and incapable of physical expansion quite apart from the fact that its?small staff of elderly and dignified linguists used to a leisurely pace of?work were unlikely to be able to cope with a constant, heavy flow of?traffic. So it was decided to set up an entirely new section with its own?accommodation capable of expansion. This became all the more?urgent as Peter Lunn, encouraged by the success of 'Conflict', was?already putting forward plans for two more operations against?specified Soviet cables in Vienna. It was in these circumstances that?section 'Y' was born.

【總部有當(dāng)時的一小分部,以“N”為象征,他們在打開外交郵袋等任務(wù)中未被發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)機(jī)會出現(xiàn)時,還研究了外國外交官的電話。因此，第一個選擇是讓“N”負(fù)責(zé)處理“沖突”材料。但“N”公司位于總部，無法擴(kuò)大業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模。此外，員工人數(shù)不多，都是些年事已高、舉止莊重的語言學(xué)家，他們習(xí)慣了悠閑的工作節(jié)奏，不太可能應(yīng)付繁忙的工作。因此，它決定建立一個全新的分部，有自己的能力發(fā)展。在“沖突”取得成功的鼓舞下，彼得·倫恩已經(jīng)提出了另外兩項針對蘇聯(lián)在維也納的特定電報的行動計劃，這就更加緊迫了。正是在這種情況下，“Y”分部誕生了?！?/p>

? ? ?The broad base of the section was formed by the transcribers who?listened to the tapes, which were flown in three times a week from?Vienna by a special RAF plane. They took down the material which?was then passed on to what constituted the second tier, a group of?twelve Army and Air Force officers (some retired, some seconded),?who had a good knowledge of Russian. Their job was to study the conversations, extract what intelligence they contained and combine it?with information obtained from previous conversations into a regular?intelligence bulletin on the Soviet armed forces in Austria. The third?tier was formed by Colonel Gimson and his second-in-command?assisted by four secretaries. They were responsible for the general?running of the section and liaison with Head Office and customer?departments. An important third member of this team was Mr?Newall, the administrative officer, who had the difficult task of finding?fluent and reliable Russian speakers.

【這部分的基礎(chǔ)是由聽錄音帶的抄寫員組成的，這些磁帶每周由皇家空軍的專機(jī)從維也納空運(yùn)來三次。他們把材料拿下來，然后交給第二級軍官，由十二名陸軍和空軍軍官組成的小組(有些是退休的，有些是借調(diào)的)，這些軍官精通俄語。他們的工作是研究談話內(nèi)容，提取其中有意義的信息，并將其與以前談話中獲得的信息結(jié)合起來，制成一份關(guān)于蘇聯(lián)駐奧地利武裝部隊的定期情報公報。第三層由吉姆森上校和他的副指揮官組成，由四名秘書協(xié)助。他們負(fù)責(zé)該科的日常運(yùn)作，以及與總部和客戶部門的聯(lián)絡(luò)。這個小組的第三個重要成員是行政官員紐瓦爾先生，他面臨著尋找流利且可靠的俄語使用者的艱巨任務(wù)?！?/p>

? ? ?Many of these he found among the descendants of the so-called?St Petersburg English. For many generations a number of English?merchants had lived in Russia, especially in St Petersburg, where they?traded in timber and furs and set up factories. Though often married to?Russian wives, they had remained English and usually sent their?children back to England to be educated. These, as a rule, were?bilingual in Russian and English. After the revolution the last?generation of these merchants and industrialists left Russia and settled in?England.

【他在所謂的圣彼得堡英國人的后裔中發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多這樣的人。許多代以來，許多英國商人一直生活在俄羅斯，特別是在圣彼得堡，他們在那里進(jìn)行木材和毛皮貿(mào)易，并建立工廠。雖然他們的妻子通常是俄羅斯人，但他們?nèi)匀皇怯耍ǔ０押⒆铀突赜邮芙逃?。它們通常都是俄語和英語兩種語言。革命之后，這些商人和實業(yè)家的最后一代離開了俄羅斯，定居在英國。】

? ? ?Other 'Y' transcribers were daughters of Russian emigres, often?women of noble origin, who had married Englishmen. Now, with?their children mostly grown up, they were glad to have found quite?unexpectedly interesting employment in which they could use their?native tongue.

【還有一些“Y”的抄寫員是俄國移民的女兒，她們通常出身貴族，嫁給了英國人?，F(xiàn)在，她們的孩子大多已經(jīng)長大成人，她們很高興能找到一份意想不到的有趣的工作，可以使用她們的母語。】

? ? ?A third category of transcribers was formed by ex-Polish army?officers. These were mostly rather stiff, well dressed, exceedingly?polite and sometimes dashing gentlemen, who spoke Russian fluently?with a strong Central European accent and called each other by their?military rank. They were former members of the Polish intelligence?service, which during the war operated from London under SIS?control, and had remained in England. These different groups of?transcribers gave 'Y' a distinct flavour of its own, quite unlike that of other?SIS sections. The Russians in common with the English?produce a large number of eccentrics and a combination of the two?nationalities is likely to bring out this characteristic in a particularly?accentuated form. Anyone who had dealings with the staff of 'Y' soon?became aware of this. There was plenty of Slav temperament and?moodiness about and it required a great deal of tact and careful?handling to keep the peace and the machine running smoothly. Tom?Gimson, with his excellent manners, patience and sad charm was the?right man to accomplish this. I assisted him in this task as best I?could.

【第三類抄寫員由前波蘭軍官組成。這些人大部分都很拘禮，穿著得體，非常有禮貌，有時還很時髦，他們說一口流利的俄語，帶有濃重的中歐口音，根據(jù)軍銜互相稱呼。他們是波蘭情報機(jī)構(gòu)的前成員，戰(zhàn)爭期間，該機(jī)構(gòu)在倫敦由SIS控制，并一直留在英國。這些不同的轉(zhuǎn)錄組賦予了“Y”一種獨特的味道，與其他SIS部分完全不同。俄國人和英國人一樣，都產(chǎn)生了大量的怪胎，而這兩個民族的結(jié)合則更突出了這一特點。任何與“Y”員工有過來往的人很快就意識到了這一點。這里充滿了斯拉夫人的性情和喜怒無常的情緒，這需要大量的耐心去處理，以保持和平和機(jī)構(gòu)的平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。湯姆·吉姆森，以他卓越的風(fēng)度、耐心和悲涼的魅力，成為了完成這一任務(wù)的最佳人選。我竭盡全力協(xié)助他完成這項任務(wù)?！?/p>

? ? ?It should not be forgotten that the work of a transcriber of?telephone conversations is very exacting. Sometimes the lines are not?very clear or the speech is slurred and individual words or whole parts of?a sentence are difficult to make out. The passage has then to be?played over and over again or somebody else has to listen and give his?opinion before it begins to make sense. This requires a lot of patience?and can be a heavy strain on the nerves. It is not surprising that this?led sometimes to hysterics, especially among the women transcribers,?if somebody in the room inadvertently made a noise just at the moment?when the person trying to make out what a word was thought she had?got it right and had to start all over again, or when there was a sharp?difference of opinion on what the indistinguishable word was. It often?took a lot of diplomacy to soothe ruffled feeling. From this point of?view Tom was an ideal head of 'Y' When he spoke as equal to equal?with a Polish ex-colonel, all the latter's accumulated bitterness, born?of dashed hopes and ambitions and the loneliness of emigre existence,?melted away. He felt himself, for a moment at least, an important man?again, even though he spent his day with earphones on in a small?basement room, behind a recording machine.

【應(yīng)該知道，電話談話抄錄員的工作是非常嚴(yán)格的。有時語句不是很清楚，或者語法不清楚，單個的單詞或整句話都很難聽懂。然后，這段話必須一遍又一遍地播放，或者其他人必須在明白它的意義之前給出他自己的理解。這需要很大的耐心，可能會對精神造成很大的壓力。這有時會有歇斯底里的情況，這并不奇怪，尤其是在女抄寫員中間，如果在房間里有人無意中發(fā)出聲音，就在那個人試圖弄清楚她說對了什么詞，而不得不從頭再來的時候，或者當(dāng)人們對難以區(qū)分的單詞是什么有明顯的意見分歧時。這通常需要很多手段來緩和緊張的情緒。從這個角度來看，湯姆是一個理想的青年領(lǐng)袖。當(dāng)他以平起平坐的身份與一位波蘭前上校談話時，這位前上校由于希望和抱負(fù)的破滅以及流亡者生活的孤獨而積累起來的所有痛苦都煙消云散了。盡管他整天都戴著耳機(jī)，呆在一間小地下室里，坐在錄音機(jī)后面，但至少在那一刻，他覺得自己又成了一個重要人物。】

? ? ?Nobody, not in the know, passing 2 Carlton Gardens would have?guessed the skulduggery, including my own, that went on and the?passions that flared up behind the stately facade of this aristocratic?London town house.

【路過卡爾頓花園2號的時候，沒有人會猜到其中的暗流涌動，包括我自己，在這座貴族氣派的倫敦別墅莊嚴(yán)的外表下，所隱藏的行動?！?/p>

? ? ?Much of my work consisted in liaising with the War Office and the?Air Ministry. Often they were interested in specific items which they?asked us to look out for in the transcribed material. If the required?information was available I would write it up in a special report. In?addition I was responsible for the processing of material obtained?from microphone operations. This I found a rather frustrating job as,?at any rate in my experience, these operations seldom produced hard?intelligence. At best they were useful as an auxiliary in that they might?provide information on the character, habits and contacts of the?person against whom they were directed and thus might facilitate his recruitment.

【我的大部分工作是與陸軍部和航空部保持聯(lián)系。他們經(jīng)常對特定的項目感興趣，他們要求我們在轉(zhuǎn)錄的材料中尋找。如果有他們需要的資料，我會寫在一份特別報告里。此外，我還負(fù)責(zé)對竊聽器獲得的材料進(jìn)行加工。我發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一份相當(dāng)令人頭疼的工作，因為至少在我的經(jīng)歷中，這些行動很少產(chǎn)生硬情報。它們充其量是有用的輔助手段，因為它們可以提供有關(guān)被它們所針對的人的性格、習(xí)慣和聯(lián)系的資料，從而可能有助于對他的策反?！?/p>

? ? ?There were at that time among the senior officers in SIS, especially?among those who were directly in control of 'Y' many who believed?that the future of spying lay in the technical field and that in time the?human element would become less and less important. Although to some?extent they have been proved right I do not fully share that view.?A great deal of military intelligence which in the last war could only be?obtained by large numbers of agents, is now acquired by technical?means such as satellites. There remain, however, important elements?such as the opponent's true intentions and plans, which can only be?obtained through the man who sits in the inner councils. Besides every?technical innovation in the intelligence field sooner or later, and?usually sooner, leads to the invention of some piece of equipment?which sets it at nought. But then I may be biased in my view.

【當(dāng)時在SIS的高級官員中，特別是那些管理'Y'的官員中，有許多人相信未來的間諜活動是面向技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，隨著時間的推移，人的因素將變得越來越不重要。盡管他們在某種程度上被證明是正確的，但我并不完全同意這種觀點。在上一場戰(zhàn)爭中，大量的軍事情報只能由大量的特工獲得，而現(xiàn)在則通過衛(wèi)星等技術(shù)手段獲得。然而，還有一些重要的情報，比如對手的真實意圖和計劃，這些只有通過內(nèi)部委員會的成員才能獲得。此外，科技領(lǐng)域的每一項技術(shù)創(chuàng)新遲早都會導(dǎo)致某些設(shè)備的發(fā)明，而這些設(shè)備的發(fā)明往往會讓一些裝備變得一文不值。當(dāng)然，我的觀點可能有些偏見。】