神話傳說(shuō)中的梅芙（1）
梅芙是愛(ài)爾蘭神話里的人物，其在古愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)的讀音（音近梅澤芙）與現(xiàn)在愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)讀音（音近梅芙）差別較大。本文統(tǒng)一翻譯為梅芙（實(shí)際上這基本上是公認(rèn)的翻譯）。
梅芙的形象應(yīng)該有很多人知道，尤其是型月廚?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，型月世界觀的梅芙與神話傳說(shuō)里的梅芙在為人處世方面是相似的，不過(guò)對(duì)阿爾斯特戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的起因與傳說(shuō)中有別。傳說(shuō)中發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是為了得到最強(qiáng)的公牛，而在型月世界觀改為了庫(kù)丘林。
以下內(nèi)容翻譯自梅芙的wiki
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medb
其他文獻(xiàn)將在后續(xù)文章翻譯
里面有些敏感詞和諧了一下變成○
譯者觀點(diǎn)用（括號(hào)紅字寫(xiě)出）
Medb 梅芙
Medb (Old Irish: [m?ev]), later spelled Meadhbh (Middle Irish: [m??v]), Méibh (Irish: [m?e?v?]) and Méabh (Irish: [m?e?v?]), and often anglicised as Maeve (/me?v/ MAYV), is queen of Connacht in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. Her husband in the core stories of the cycle is Ailill mac Máta, although she had several husbands before him who were also kings of Connacht. She rules from Cruachan (now Rathcroghan, County Roscommon). She is the enemy (and former wife) of Conchobar mac Nessa, king of Ulster, and is best known for starting the Táin Bó Cúailnge ("The Cattle Raid of Cooley") to steal Ulster's prize stud bull Donn Cúailnge.
梅芙（古愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)： [m?ev]），而后讀 Meadhbh (中古愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ): [m??v])，Méibh (愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ): [m?e?v?])，并且經(jīng)常英化成 Maeve (讀音/me?v/ MAYV)，在愛(ài)爾蘭神話的阿爾斯特傳說(shuō)中，她是康納特女王。在傳說(shuō)的核心故事里，她的丈夫是 Ailill mac Máta，盡管她在他之前有好幾位丈夫，均為康納特國(guó)王。
Medb is strong-willed, ambitious, cunning and promiscuous, and is an archetypal warrior queen. She is believed by some to be a manifestation of the sovereignty goddess. Medb of Connacht is probably identical with Medb Lethderg, the sovereignty goddess of Tara, and may also be linked with the Morrígan. She may be the inspiration for the fairy Queen Mab found in William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet and other media.
梅芙意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，雄心勃勃，狡猾，濫交，是一位典型的主戰(zhàn)派女王。有些人認(rèn)為她是主權(quán)女神的化身。Connacht 的梅芙可能與塔拉（地區(qū)）的主權(quán)女神 Medb Lethderg 相同，也可能與 Morrígan 有聯(lián)系。她可能是威廉·莎士比亞的《羅密歐與朱麗葉》和其他媒體中發(fā)現(xiàn)的童話女王 Mab 的靈感來(lái)源。
Name 名字
In Old Irish her name is Medb; in Middle Irish, Me??; in early modern Irish, Meadhbh or Mea??; and in modern Irish Méabh or Méibh. This is generally believed to come from the Proto-Celtic *medu- ("mead") or *medua ("intoxicating"), and the meaning of her name has thus been interpreted as "mead-woman" or "she who intoxicates". This is thought to reflect her role as sovereignty goddess. In ancient and medieval Ireland, the drinking of mead was a key part of a king's inauguration ceremony. In myth, a supernatural woman representing the sovereignty of the land chooses a king by offering him an alcoholic drink, thus bestowing sovereignty upon him. However, it is also suggested that the name comes from Proto-Celtic *medwa ("the ruler").
在古愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)中，她的名字是 Medb ；在中愛(ài)爾蘭，是 Me?? ; 在早期現(xiàn)代愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)，是 Meadhbh 或 Mea?? ; 在現(xiàn)代愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)是 Méabh 或 Méibh。一般認(rèn)為這是來(lái)自原凱爾特語(yǔ)的 medu（“蜂蜜酒”）或 medua（“令人陶醉人”），因此她的名字的含義被解釋為“蜂蜜酒之女”或“令人陶醉的女人”。這被認(rèn)為是反映了她作為主權(quán)女神的形象。在古代和中世紀(jì)的愛(ài)爾蘭，喝蜂蜜酒是國(guó)王登基典禮的關(guān)鍵部分。在神話中，一位代表國(guó)家主權(quán)的超自然的女性通過(guò)向國(guó)王提供酒精飲料來(lái)選擇國(guó)王，從而將主權(quán)授予他。然而，也有人認(rèn)為這個(gè)名字來(lái)自原凱爾特語(yǔ)的medwa（“統(tǒng)治者”）。
The name has been Anglicised as Maeve, Maev, Mave or Maiv. There are several place names in Ireland containing the name Medb. According to Kay Muhr of the Ulster Place-Name Society, some of these names suggest Medb was also an earth and fertility goddess. They include Ballypitmave (Baile Phite Méabha, "townland of Medb's vulva") in County Antrim and Sawel Pitmave (Samhail Phite Méabha, "likeness to Medb's vulva") in County Tyrone, both in northern Ulster. Other placenames include Maeve's Cairn in County Sligo, Barnavave (Bearna Mhéabha, "Medb's gap") in County Louth, Boveva (Boith Mhéabha, "Medb's huts") in County Londonderry, Knockmaa (Cnoc Meá, "Medb's hill") in County Galway, Meskanmave (Meascán Mhéabha, "Medb's lump") in County Donegal, Milleen Meva (Millín Mhéabha, "Medb's knoll") at Rathcroghan in County Roscommon, and Rath Meave at Tara in County Meath.
這個(gè)名字被英化為 Maeve、Maev、Mave 或 Maiv。愛(ài)爾蘭有幾個(gè)地名包含了 Medb 這個(gè)名字。據(jù)阿爾斯特地名協(xié)會(huì)的 Kay Muhr 稱(chēng)，其中一些名字表明梅芙也是地球和生育女神。它們包括安特里姆郡的 Ballypitmave（Baile Phite Méabha，“梅芙的○鎮(zhèn)”）和蒂龍郡的 Sawel Pitmave（Samhail Phite Máabha“與梅芙的○相似”），二者都在阿爾斯特北部。其他地名包括斯萊戈郡的梅芙的石冢、勞斯郡的 Barnavave （Bearna Mhéabha，“梅芙的裂口”），倫敦德里郡的 Boveva (Boith Mhéabha, "梅芙的小屋") 、戈?duì)栱f郡的 Knockmaa（Cnoc Meá，“梅芙之丘”），多尼戈?duì)柨さ?Meskanmave（Meascan Mpha，“梅芙之塊”），羅斯科門(mén)郡的 Rathcroghan 的 Milleen Meva（Millen Meva，“梅芙的小丘”），以及米斯郡塔拉的 Rath Meave 。
Description 描述
Medb is described as a fair haired wolf queen, whose form was so beautiful that it robbed men of two-thirds of their valor upon seeing her.
梅芙被描述為一位金發(fā)狼皇后，她的外貌如此美麗，以至于男人們一見(jiàn)到她就喪失了三分之二的勇氣。
Marriages and rise to power 婚姻和掌權(quán)
How Medb came to power in Connacht and married Ailill mac Máta is told in the tale Cath Bóinde ("The Battle of the Boyne"), also known as Ferchuitred Medba ("Medb's man-share"). Her father, Eochaid Feidlech, the High King of Ireland, married her to Conchobar mac Nessa, king of Ulster, because he had killed Conchobar's purported father, the former High King Fachtna Fáthach, in battle. She bore him a son, Glaisne, but the marriage was a bad one and she left him. Eochaid gave Conchobar another of his daughters, Eithne (or Clothru), but Medb murdered her while she was pregnant; her son Furbaide was born by posthumous caesarian section.
關(guān)于梅芙是如何在康納特掌權(quán)并與 Ailill mac Máta 結(jié)婚的，這在故事《Cath Bóinde》（“博因之戰(zhàn)”）中講述了，也被稱(chēng)為《Ferchuitred Medba》（“梅芙的人際關(guān)系”）。她的父親，愛(ài)爾蘭大君 Eochaid Feidlech，將她嫁給阿爾斯特國(guó)王 Conchobar mac Nessa，因?yàn)閾?jù)稱(chēng)他在戰(zhàn)斗中殺死了 Conchobar 的父親，前大君法 Fachtna Fáthach。她給他生了一個(gè)兒子，叫 Glaisne，但婚姻很糟糕然后她離開(kāi)了他。Eochaid 給了 Conchobar 另一個(gè)女兒 Eithne（或Clothru），但梅芙在她懷孕期間謀殺了她；她的兒子 Furbaide 是死后剖腹產(chǎn)出生的。
Eochaid deposed the then-king of Connacht, Tinni mac Conri, and installed Medb in his place. However, Tinni regained a share of the throne when he and Medb later became lovers. Conchobar raped Medb after an assembly at Tara, and war ensued between the High King and Ulster. Tinni challenged Conchobar to single combat, and lost. Eochaid Dála of the Fir Domnann, who had been Tinni's rival for the kingship, protected the Connacht army as it retreated, and became Medb's next husband and king of Connacht. Medb demanded her husband satisfy her three criteria—that he be without fear, meanness, or jealousy. The last was particularly important, as she had many lovers. While married to Eochaid Dála, she took Ailill mac Máta, chief of her bodyguard, as her lover. Eochaid discovered the affair, challenged Ailill to single combat, and lost. Ailill then married Medb and became king of Connacht.
Eochaid 廢黜了當(dāng)時(shí)的康納特國(guó)王 Tinni mac Conri，并任命梅芙接替他的職位。然而，Tinni 重新奪回了王位，當(dāng)他和梅芙后來(lái)成為戀人時(shí)。Conchobar 在塔拉集會(huì)后強(qiáng)奸了梅芙，大君和阿爾斯特之間爆發(fā)了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。Tinni 挑戰(zhàn) Conchobar 來(lái)單挑，但失敗了。曾與 Tinni 爭(zhēng)奪王位的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，F(xiàn)ir Domnann的 Eochaid Dála 保護(hù)了撤退的康納特軍隊(duì)，并成為梅芙的下一任丈夫和康納特國(guó)王。梅芙要求她的丈夫滿(mǎn)足她的三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即他沒(méi)有恐懼、卑鄙或嫉妒。最后一個(gè)尤其重要，因?yàn)樗泻芏嗲槿恕Ｔ诩藿o Eochaid Dála 時(shí)，她讓保鏢隊(duì)長(zhǎng) Ailill mac Máta 做自己的情人。Eochaid 發(fā)現(xiàn)了這件事，向 Ailill 發(fā)起了單挑，結(jié)果輸了。Ailill 后來(lái)娶了梅芙，成為了康納特的國(guó)王。
Medb's children 梅芙的孩子
Medb and Ailill had seven sons, all called Maine. They originally all had other names, but when Medb asked a druid which of her sons would kill Conchobar, he replied, "Maine". She did not have a son called Maine, so she renamed all her sons as follows:
梅芙和 Ailill 有七個(gè)兒子，都叫 Maine。最初他們都有其他名字，但當(dāng)梅芙問(wèn) druid，她的哪個(gè)兒子會(huì)殺死 Conchobar，他回答說(shuō)：“Maine?！彼龥](méi)有一個(gè)兒子叫 Maine，所以她給所有兒子改名如下：
Fedlimid 變成 Maine Athramail ("像他的爸爸")
Cairbre 變成 Maine Máthramail ("像他的媽媽")
Eochaid 變成 Maine Andoe ("敏捷")也稱(chēng)為 Cich-Maine Andoe 或 Cichmuine
Fergus 變成 Maine Taí ("沉默")
Cet 變成 Maine Mórgor ("巨大責(zé)任")
Sin 變成 Maine Mílscothach ("甜言蜜語(yǔ)")
Dáire 變成 Maine Móepirt ("難以名狀")
The prophecy was fulfilled when Maine Andoe went on to kill Conchobar, son of Arthur, son of Bruide – not Conchobar, son of Fachtna Fathach, as Medb had assumed the druid meant. Medb and Ailill also had a daughter, Findabair.
這個(gè)預(yù)言應(yīng)驗(yàn)了，Maine Andoe 去殺死了亞瑟之子，Bruide 之子 Conchobar -而不是梅芙設(shè)想的 Fachtna Fathach 之子 Conchobar。梅芙和 Ailill 還有一個(gè)女兒 Findabair。
Cattle Raid of Cooley ?奪牛長(zhǎng)征記
（由于奪牛長(zhǎng)征記已經(jīng)是比較被廣泛認(rèn)可的翻譯，所以就這么翻了）
Medb insisted that she be equal in wealth with her husband, and started the Cattle Raid of Cooley when she discovered that Ailill was one powerful stud bull richer than her. She discovered that the only rival to Ailill's bull, Finnbennach, was Donn Cúailnge, owned by Dáire mac Fiachna, a vassal of Conchobar's. She sent messengers to Dáire, offering wealth, land and sexual favours in return for the loan of the bull, and Dáire initially agreed. But when a drunken messenger declared that, if he had not agreed, the bull would have been taken by force, Dáire withdrew his consent, and Medb prepared for war.
梅芙堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為她與丈夫在財(cái)富上是平等的，當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn) Ailill 比她多一頭強(qiáng)大種牛時(shí)，她發(fā)起了奪牛長(zhǎng)征。她發(fā)現(xiàn)， Ailill 的公牛 Finnbennach 的唯一競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手為 Conchobar 的附庸 Dáire mac Fiachna 擁有的 Donn Cüailnge 這頭牛。她派信使前往 Dáire，提供財(cái)富，土地和○愛(ài)，以換取借公牛，Dáire 最初同意了。但當(dāng)一個(gè)喝醉的信使聲稱(chēng)，如果他不同意，公牛就會(huì)被強(qiáng)行帶走時(shí)，Dáire 撤銷(xiāo)了他的同意，梅芙準(zhǔn)備發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
An army was raised including contingents from all over Ireland. One was a group of Ulster exiles led by Conchobar's estranged son Cormac Cond Longas and his foster-father Fergus mac Róich, former king of Ulster and one of Medb's lovers. It is reported that it took thirty men to satisfy her, or Fergus once. Medb's relationship with Fergus is alluded to in the early poem Conailla Medb míchuru ("Medb has entered evil contracts") by Luccreth moccu Chiara (c. 600); it asserts that Medb wrongly seduced Fergus into turning against Ulster "because he preferred the buttocks of a woman to his own people".
梅芙組建了一支軍隊(duì)，包括來(lái)自愛(ài)爾蘭各地的分隊(duì)。其中一個(gè)是由 Conchobar 疏遠(yuǎn)的兒子 Cormac Cond Longas 和他的養(yǎng)父，阿爾斯特前國(guó)王與梅芙其中一個(gè)情人 Fergus mac Róich 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的阿爾斯特流亡者組織。據(jù)說(shuō)，梅芙需要三十個(gè)男人，或者一次 Fergus 來(lái)滿(mǎn)足她。Luccreth moccu Chiara（約600年）的早期詩(shī)歌《Conailla Medb míchuru》（“梅芙簽訂了邪惡契約”）暗示了梅芙與 Fergus 的關(guān)系；詩(shī)歌里稱(chēng)，梅芙錯(cuò)誤地誘使 Fergus 轉(zhuǎn)而對(duì)抗阿爾斯特，“因?yàn)樗矚g女人的臀部，而不是他的人民”。
Because of a divine curse on the Ulstermen, the invasion was opposed only by the teenage Ulster hero Cúchulainn, who held up the army's advance by demanding single combat at fords. Medb and Ailill offered their daughter Findabair in marriage to a series of heroes as payment for fighting Cúchulainn, but all were defeated. Nevertheless, Medb secured the bull. However, after a final battle against Conchobar's assembled army, she was forced to retreat. Donn Cúailnge was brought back to Cruachan, where it fought Ailill's bull, Finnbennach, killing him, but dying of his wounds.
由于對(duì)阿爾斯特人的神罰，只有阿爾斯特青年英雄庫(kù)丘林反對(duì)入侵，他要求在福特進(jìn)行一次單挑，從而阻礙了軍隊(duì)的前進(jìn)。梅芙和 Ailill 將他們的女兒 Findabair 婚姻作為一系列英雄對(duì)抗庫(kù)丘林的報(bào)酬，但是都被打敗了。盡管如此，梅芙還是保住了公牛。然而，在與 Conchobar 集結(jié)的軍隊(duì)進(jìn)行最后一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗后，她被迫撤退。Donn Cúailnge 被帶回了克魯坎，在那里它與 Ailill 的公牛 Finnbennach 搏斗，并殺死了它，但因受傷而死。
Also, throughout the Táin Bó Cúailnge Medb has several encounters with Cúchulainn in which he kills either her pets or handmaidens and the place in which they were killed is then named after them, which illustrates the importance of landscape throughout the text of the Táin Bó Cúailnge. Examples of this occur when Cúchulainn "slung a stone and killed a pet stoat as it sat on Medb's shoulder by her neck, south of the ford. Hence the name Meithe Togmaill, Stoat Neck" and when he kills Medb's handmaid: "He slung a stone at her from the heights of Cuincu and killed her on the flat place that bears her name, Reid Locha, Locha's Level, in Cualinge". Medb's behaviour further illustrates the importance of the landscape when she goes to great lengths to permanently alter it to show her contempt for Ulster. "She preferred to cross the mountain by leaving a track that would show forever her contempt for Ulster… to make the Pass of the Cualinge Cattle".
此外，梅芙在整個(gè) Táin Bó Cúailnge 地區(qū)多次與庫(kù)丘林相遇，在其中他殺死了她的寵物或侍女，并以他們的名字命名了他們被殺害的地點(diǎn)，這說(shuō)明了整個(gè)《Táin Bó Cúailnge》文章中風(fēng)景的重要性。這方面的例子發(fā)生在，庫(kù)丘林“在福特以南，當(dāng)一只寵物白鼬坐在梅芙的肩膀上時(shí)，扔了一塊石頭，殺死了它。因此，此地名字叫 Meithe Togmaill，stoat neck”，當(dāng)他殺死梅芙的女傭時(shí)，他說(shuō)：“他從 Cuincu 的高處向她扔了一顆石頭，并在 Cualinge 一個(gè)平坦的地方殺死了她，上面寫(xiě)著她的名字，Reid Locha，Locha’s Level”。梅芙的行為進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了風(fēng)景的重要性，她竭盡全力永久改變風(fēng)景，以顯她對(duì)阿爾斯特的蔑視。“她寧愿穿過(guò)這座山，留下一條永遠(yuǎn)顯示出她對(duì)阿爾斯特的蔑視的小路……讓 Cualinge 的牛通過(guò)”。
Later years 之后幾年
Out of jealousy for his affair with Medb, Ailill had Fergus killed. In his old age, after Conchobar's death, the Ulster hero Conall Cernach came to stay with Ailill and Medb, as they were the only household capable of supporting him. Medb tasked him to keep an eye on Ailill, who was seeing other women. Finding Ailill in flagrante, she ordered Conall to kill him, which he was happy to do in revenge for Fergus. However, the dying Ailill sent his men after him, and he was killed while trying to escape.
出于對(duì) Fergus 與梅芙的戀情的嫉妒，Ailill 殺死了 Fergus。Conchobar 去世后，阿爾斯特英雄 Conall Cernach 在年老時(shí)與 Ailill 和梅芙住在一起，因?yàn)樗麄兪俏ㄒ荒軌蛑嗡募彝?。梅芙讓他監(jiān)視正在看其他女人的 Ailill。發(fā)現(xiàn) Ailill 的奸情，梅芙命令 Conall 殺死他， Conall 很樂(lè)意這樣做為 Fergus 報(bào)仇。然而，瀕死的 Ailill 派手下追捕他，他在試圖逃跑時(shí)被殺。
Death 死亡
In her later years, Medb often went to bathe in a pool on Inchcleraun (Inis Cloithreann), an island on Lough Ree, near Knockcroghery. Furbaide sought revenge for the death of his mother. He took a rope and measured the distance between the pool and the shore, and practised with his sling until he could hit an apple on top of a stake Medb's height from that distance. The next time he saw Medb bathing he put his practice to good use and killed her with a piece of cheese. She was succeeded to the throne of Connacht by her son Maine Athramail.
在她晚年，梅芙經(jīng)常去 Knockcroghery 附近 Ree 湖的一個(gè)海島 Inchcleraun （Inis Cloithreann）的一個(gè)池子洗浴。Furbaide 試圖為母親的死亡復(fù)仇。他拿了一根繩索，測(cè)量了池子和海岸之間的距離，并用他的繩索練習(xí)，直到他能從這個(gè)距離擊中梅芙高度上的一個(gè)蘋(píng)果為止。下一次他看到梅芙洗浴時(shí)，他很好地用到了自己的練習(xí)，并用一塊奶酪殺死了她。她的兒子 Maine Athramail 繼承了 Connacht 的王位。
According to legend, Medb is buried in Miosgán Médhbh, a 40-foot (12 m) high stone cairn on the summit of Knocknarea (Cnoc na Ré in Irish) in County Sligo. Supposedly, she is buried upright facing her enemies in Ulster. Her home in Rathcroghan, County Roscommon is also a potential burial site, with a long low slab named 'Misgaun Medb' being given as the most likely location.
據(jù)傳說(shuō)，梅芙被埋葬在 Miosgán Médhbh，一座40英尺（12米）高的石冢，位于斯萊戈郡的 Knocknarea（愛(ài)爾蘭的Cnoc na Ré）山頂。據(jù)推測(cè)，她面對(duì)敵人被豎直埋葬在阿爾斯特。她位于羅斯科曼郡 Rathcroghan 的家也是一個(gè)可能的埋葬地點(diǎn)，最有可能的埋葬位置是一塊名為“Misgaun Medb”的長(zhǎng)而低的石板。
Interpretations 延伸
Tomás ó Máille was the first to suggest in 1928, that Medb is probably an allegorical figure representing the sovereignty of Connacht,"whom a king would ritually marry as part of his inauguration." Medb Lethderg, who performs a similar function in Tara, is probably identical with or the inspiration for this Medb. Her name is said to mean 'she who intoxicates', and is cognate with the English word 'mead'; it is likely that the sacred marriage ceremony between the king and the goddess would involve a shared drink. Medb's "pillow talk" argument with her consort contains suggestions of matrilineality, as does Ailill's taking his name from his mother Máta Muirisc. Recently, Irish and Irish-American poets have explored Medb as an image of woman's power, including sexuality, as in "Labhrann Medb" ("Medb Speaks") by Irish-language poet Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill and "Intoxication" by Irish-American poet Patricia Monaghan.
1928年，Tomás Oh Máille 首次提出，梅芙可能是一個(gè)象征著康納特主權(quán)的寓言人物，“作為國(guó)王就職典禮的一部分，他會(huì)舉行儀式性的結(jié)婚。”Medb Lethderg 在塔拉履行著類(lèi)似的職責(zé)，可能就是梅芙，也可能是梅芙的靈感來(lái)源。據(jù)說(shuō)她的名字的意思是“她喝醉了”，與英語(yǔ)單詞“mead”同源；國(guó)王和女神之間的神圣婚禮很可能會(huì)涉及共飲。梅芙和她的配偶的“枕頭談話”包含了母系社會(huì)的暗示，Ailill 的名字也是從他的母親 Máta Muirisc 那里來(lái)的。最近，有愛(ài)爾蘭和愛(ài)爾蘭裔美國(guó)詩(shī)人將梅芙視為女性權(quán)力的象征，包括○欲，如愛(ài)爾蘭語(yǔ)詩(shī)人 Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill 的《Labhrann Medb》（“梅芙說(shuō)”）和愛(ài)爾蘭裔美籍詩(shī)人 Patricia Monaghan 的《Intoxication》。
The name "Connacht" is an apparent anachronism: the stories of the Ulster Cycle are traditionally set around the time of Christ, but the Connachta, after whom the province is named, were said to have been the descendants of Conn Cétchathach, who is supposed to have lived several centuries later. Later stories use the name Cóiced Ol nEchmacht as an earlier name for the province of Connacht to get around this problem. But the chronology of early Irish historical tradition is an artificial attempt by Christian monks to synchronise native traditions with classical and biblical history, and it is possible that the cycle has been chronologically misplaced.
“Connacht”這個(gè)名字顯然是一個(gè)時(shí)代錯(cuò)誤：阿爾斯特神話的故事傳統(tǒng)上是圍繞基督時(shí)代展開(kāi)的，但省命名來(lái)源的 Connachta 據(jù)說(shuō)是 Conn Cétchathach 的后代，他應(yīng)該在幾個(gè)世紀(jì)后才出生。后來(lái)的故事中，為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，Connacht 省更早的名字被稱(chēng)為 Cóiced Ol nEchmacht。但是，愛(ài)爾蘭早期歷史傳統(tǒng)的年代記是基督教僧侶人為地試圖將本土傳統(tǒng)與古典和圣經(jīng)歷史同步，這一神話可能在時(shí)間上錯(cuò)位了。
