《U校園 新視野大學(xué)英語第三版 綜合訓(xùn)練3答案》
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test 1
—————Vocabulary
1) substantively
2) commitment
3) preceded
4) commendation
5) nominations
6) immune
7) Regardless
8) descending
9) recession
10) paralyze","paralyse
11) incredible
12) constraints
13) ambiguous
14) suppressed
15) compulsory
16) coincidence
17) immigrant
18) significant
19) inhuman","inhumane
20) deprive
—————Multiple choice questions 1
1) A
2) D
3) A
4) B
5) B
—————Multiple choice questions 2
1) C
2) B
3) C
4) D
5) B
—————Sentence blank filling
1. daunting / difficult for some families
2. get the aids that they need
3. choose other investments
4. low-interest loans
5. Traditional scholarships
—————Sentence translation
1. 在法治國家中，行為偏離法律的人就會受到司法系統(tǒng)的懲罰。
2. 在充滿競爭的社會里，越來越多的年輕人花很多時間學(xué)習(xí)和工作，而不去追求身體健康。
3. 政府正著力減少汽車尾氣排放，汽車制造商也在為了迎合環(huán)保汽車這種不斷增長的需要而積極努力。
4. 當(dāng)面臨各種各樣有吸引力的選擇時，有些消費者會因為害怕后悔而不知所措，他們往往會避免去購物。
5. 工程師和建筑師們希望通過模擬人類在火災(zāi)發(fā)生時的行為來改善建筑物的安全性。
6. 如今由于青少年熱衷于節(jié)食減肥，專家們警告說，瘋狂節(jié)食剝奪了他們必要的營養(yǎng)攝取，是非常危險的。
7. 人們普遍認(rèn)為一個好教師應(yīng)能夠以自己對本學(xué)科的熱愛來影響學(xué)生。
8. 在他的大多數(shù)早期畫作中，他刻畫了一個個在這片土地上勞作生息的人們，并賦予他們豁達(dá)樂觀的性格。
9. 歷史上不同民族、不同地域的人們會佩戴具有各自獨特風(fēng)格的頭飾，通過這些頭飾我們可以了解他們的審美心理。
10. 我們希望這些懲罰措施能夠長期有效地約束某些企業(yè)，使它們不排放有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)。
—————Phrase translation
1. precluded from health care services
2. Had it not been for the contribution that each of you has made
3. It is unprecedented in human history
4. serve as an excellent source of inspiration for designers
5. known for high-quality raw materials
6. Talented as he is
7. lead by example
8. integral to sustainable development
9. immerse yourself in a language learning environment
10. mingle with each other
—————Paragraph translation
1) "Dragon Dance originated from China and evolved from ancient witches' praying rituals for the rain. The "Dragon" used in the dance, is made of grass, bamboo, cloth, etc., symbolizing the sacred animal in charge of rainfall in Chinese traditional myths. Since it was born, Dragon Dance has been a favorite activity among all Chinese nationalities and passed from generation to generation, which has resulted in a splendid culture of Dragon Dance. Dragon Dance, for a long time, has been thought of by many young people only as a performance in Spring Festival, temple fairs or other celebrations. However, with thousands of years of continuity and development, Dragon Dance has become a great cultural legacy from our ancestors. Presently, as a sport for exercising, Dragon Dance has become not only very popular among Chinese, but also has attracted interests all over the world.
—————Cloze
1) A
2) D
3) C
4) C
5) C
6) B
7) C
8) D
9) C
10) C
11) D
12) D
13) C
14) A
15) D
16) A
17) B
18) D
19) D
20) B
—————Writing
1) "As a result of media attention, sports professionals have become stars and celebrities, and those at the top are paid high salaries. Just like movie stars, they live an extravagant life with luxury villas and expensive vehicles.? Many people find their rewards unfair, especially when comparing their incredibly high salaries with those of surgeons and scientists, or even leading politicians who have the responsibility of governing a country. They work as hard, or even harder than those sports stars, but sometimes their salaries are out of proportion to their efforts despite the great contributions they make to the society.? ?Those who feel that sports stars are justified might argue that talented sportsmen are rare, and that the money is in recognition of both their skills and their dedication. Competition is severe and the players are tested every time they perform in their respective matches. The pressure from the media is intense and there is little privacy out of the spotlight. Thus the sportsmen deserve to earn more.? In my opinion, the salaries of the sports professionals are not determined by the contributions to society they make. Instead, they reflect the public popularity of sport in general and the level of public support that successful stars can generate. So the notion of "fairness" is not the issue. It is still acceptable for sports professionals to earn more than any other professionals.
test 2
—————Vocabulary
1) explosion
2) occupy
3) enthusiasm
4) hesitate
5) breath
6) profoundly
7) designated
8) occurrence
9) pride
10) analyze","analyse
11) desperate
12) gratitude
13) excessively
14) donation
15) accomplish
16) abolition
17) dedication
18) necessary
19) correlation
20) confidence
—————Multiple choice questions 1
1) D
2) A
3) B
4) C
5) B
—————Multiple choice questions 2
1) B
2) A
3) B
4) C
5) A
—————Sentence blank filling
1. one's personality and character
2. builds self-confidence in a person
3. Self-esteem
4. listening is the starting point for interaction and communication
5. focus more on the discussion
—————Sentence translation
1. 嚴(yán)格來講，這個慈善項目是在改革開放以后提出并大規(guī)模實施的。
2. 該公司說，長時間觀看3D畫面將對幼兒的視力發(fā)育產(chǎn)生不良影響。
3. 他不僅僅捐錢，還著手創(chuàng)立一個真正有影響力的組織，利用世界上每個人的力量。
4. 愛情畢竟是兩個相愛的人的社會行為，其中有理想和命運，也是偶然后的一種必然。
5. 有些科學(xué)家開始認(rèn)真研究病人從精神層面上能獲得哪些益處。
6. 如果你對這份合同沒有異議，你可以從頭到尾看一遍，核對一下所有的要點，然后在末尾處簽字就可以了。
7. 這位夫人在意大利，正如在英國一樣交游廣闊，無論在當(dāng)?shù)鼐用襁€是來自世界各地的游客中，她都交了不少朋友。
8. 寫出并發(fā)出這樣一封短箋不僅能夠讓你專注生活中積極的一面，而且收信者很可能十分感動并滿懷感激之情。
9. 這樣的討論當(dāng)然遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不局限于金融界在全美國的餐桌上、網(wǎng)站留言板和電視節(jié)目中都充滿了這樣的討論。
10. 我們和它們接觸得越多，我們和它們之間的關(guān)系就越密切，我們賦予它們的人類情感與性別特征就會越多。
—————Phrase translation
1. depends not on our subjective desires
2. can you start to deal with the problem
3. slave away nights and weekends at the office
4. stare at some faces longer than others
5. That's next to nothing
6. find it difficult to enroll enough students
7. is on the verge of becoming possible
8. even a moment of hesitation will leave you behind others
9. not because of the girl, but because he can't lead the team
10. an abundance of ideas at your disposal
—————Paragraph translation
1) "A nation's traditional food reflects its historical and cultural features. An old Chinese saying goes, "Food is the first necessity of people." Cuisine culture is an important part of China's traditional culture. It has a long history. With the progression of globalization, Chinese cuisine is now found all over the world with good reputation. Its variety of material selection, unique culinary art, as well as its fine shapes and rich tastes have helped to spread the depth and diversity of Chinese cuisine culture to the world. The Chinese cuisine places great emphasis on the complete presence of color, shape, aroma and taste. Generally speaking, there are traditionally four distinctive schools of Chinese cuisines: Shangdong cuisine, Guangdong cuisine, Sichuan cuisine and Huaiyang cuisine. The four major cooking schools have their own distinct regional features.
—————Cloze
1) D
2) C
3) B
4) C
5) D
6) D
7) D
8) A
9) A
10) B
11) C
12) C
13) C
14) D
15) C
16) D
17) B
18) C
19) C
20) D
—————Writing
1) "Nowadays, information technology has been developing very fast with computers and the Internet getting into the lives of millions of people worldwide. As an essential part of people's daily life, education has also been profoundly influenced by information technology, both in advantageous and disadvantageous ways.? One of the keywords for education in the information age is efficiency. Most people hope to spend the least time finishing the most work. When the Internet and computers are brought to education, students can get easy access to all sorts of educational resources. Efficient learning can be achieved if students have developed the ability to find and filter information. Besides, education with the help of modern technology can be easily adjusted to the need of each individual learner. He can follow his own learning objective, set his own learning plan and choose his favorite learning method.? However, students in a modern learning environment may no longer have the fun of studying together and having face-to-face discussions with each other. Individual learning may be lonely and friendless. What's more, people may become more indifferent to others because of less face-to-face contact with other people, which can be awfully harmful to their mental health. No matter how advanced the machines become, the cold monitor and keyboard can never replace human beings. Last but not least, people may gradually lose handwriting abilities if they depend too much on electronic support.? ?In my opinion, education in the information age can be both a curse and a blessing. But as long as we make the best out of technological development and control the usage to a moderate degree, education will prosper and more students will benefit from education supported by information technology.
unit 1
—————Word building 1
1) preceding
2) unprecedented
3) precedence
—————Word building 2
1) expenditure
2) expendable
3) expense
—————Word building 3
1) commendation
2) commended
3) commendable
—————Word building 4
1) dedication
2) dedicated
3) dedicator
—————Word building 5
1) amazement
2) amazing
3) amazed
4) amazingly
—————Word building 6
1) patriotic
2) patriotism
3) patrioteers
—————Word building 7
1) transcendent
2) transcendental
3) transcendence
—————Word building 8
1) considerable
2) considerate
3) considering
4) consideration
—————Word building 9
1) misfortune
2) Fortunately
3) unfortunate
—————Word building 10
1) intense
2) intensive
3) intensity
4) intensification
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) falling apart
2) fall apart","fall down
3) fallen apart
4) falling down
5) fallen behind
6) took away
7) falls behind
8) took
9) on
10) take
11) away
12) taken on
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) gave
2) away
3) give off
4)? gave in ","gave up
5) given up
6) give away
7) give in
8) gives off
9) give out
10) gave out
11) given up
—————Collocation 1
1) funds
2) suicide
3) mistake ","error
4) crimes","offences
5) crime","offence
—————Collocation 2
1) standard
2) age
3) state
4) position
5) speed
6) objective
7) rank
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) substantive
2) substantial
3) substantial
4) substantial
5) substantive
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) consistent
2) compatible
3) compatible
4) consistent
5) compatible
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) slight
2) slight
3) slim","slight
4) slight
5) slim
—————Cloze
1) A
2) D
3) B
4) B
5) C
6) B
7) D
8) A
9) C
10) B
11) D
12) A
13) A
14) B
15) B
16) C
17) D
18) C
19) B
20) D
—————Sentence translation
1. 要不是以前有過重大成就，他很可能早就因違反紀(jì)律被軍隊開除了。
2. 個人經(jīng)歷、教育機(jī)會、個人困境這些都不能阻擋這個全力以赴追求成功的年輕女孩。
3. 堅強的意志讓他戰(zhàn)勝了一個個困難，最終進(jìn)入了這家公司。?
4. 盡管勤奮刻苦，但她仍被整個籃球協(xié)會拒之門外，球隊寧愿聘請不如她的男教練，也不愿冒險破例雇用一位女教練。
5. 這些足球運動員進(jìn)入了決賽，因為他們擁有堅強的意志，足以克服重重障礙，并為了追求目標(biāo)而勤奮努力。
6. 這個可憐的男孩刻苦努力，意志堅定，專心投入，準(zhǔn)備充分，跨越了一切障礙，最終獲得了成功！
7. 大家都覺得他將來不會有什么好前途，但他自己卻不這么想，因為他覺得自己一定會成為電臺音樂唱片節(jié)目主持人。
8. 他心中一直銘記自己的目標(biāo)，繼續(xù)沉浸在自己的世界里，實現(xiàn)他成為著名音樂家的夢想。
9. 這位導(dǎo)游在工作中盡力滿足游客們的每一個要求，而且只要有需要，任何時候都可以加班，這些最終幫她贏得了游客們的信任。
10. 護(hù)士待在病人身邊，想看看有什么辦法能幫助他減輕痛苦。
—————Phrase translation
1. would not have been promoted to general
2. rather than give up easily
3. didn't drop out to avoid work
4. preclude them from going on holiday to the seaside
5. cater to others blindly
6. soon graduate from college with honors
7. Despite persistent denials
8. expended substantial efforts
9. that makes you extremely popular among students
10. take the initiative
—————Paragraph translation
1) "Traditional Chinese Medicine, also known as TCM, originates in China and includes a range of traditional medicine practices. As an important component of Chinese splendid culture, it stemmed from practice and got continuous enrichment and development in practice. TCM is a treasure of medicine, and as one of the most advantageous and characteristic subjects, TCM has formed a unique system to diagnose and cure illness. The medicine practice acupuncture is one part of TCM, and has been applied widely in the world. In addition, pulse diagnosis is widely used as an important diagnostic method in TCM and has a long history.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) B
2) D
3) C
4) A
5) D
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) B
2) A
3) C
4) D
5) C
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. names of prominent people
2. present sound, practical judgements on everyday affairs
3. get right to the core of what matters
4. learning how to debate and learning from mistakes
5. common sense
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. simple means and the exercise of ordinary qualities
2. the common qualities
3. common sense intensified
4. common sense and perseverance
5. industry and patient thought
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) D
2) C
3) E
4) G
5) H
6) F
7) B
8) J
9) C
10) I
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) C
2) G
3) J
4) A
5) L
6) B
7) M
8) E
9) K
10) D
—————General writing
1) "It is generally acknowledged that a strong will plays such an important role in all achievements that no one can succeed without it. For instance, people tend to consider it easy to quit smoking. However, if they do not persevere, it often turns out to be extremely hard and often ends up as another failure.? ?From the example given above, we can see clearly how important a strong will is as we proceed toward success. Firstly, a strong will can enable us to face any insurmountable challenge. And then we will be able to pluck up our courage and cope with the difficulties. Secondly, a strong will can maximize our full potential so that we can concentrate on the work we have to do to become successful. Once our potential is fully realized, all the necessary work will be done efficiently. Finally, if we hang on to our determination, we can prevail over all obstacles and attain the goal which we expect or are expected to achieve.? As college students, we are faced with opportunities and challenges which are full of uncertainty. Therefore, what we need most at the moment is a strong will to help us overcome all the difficulties that may lie before us in the course of our college life.
—————Practical writing
1) "To whom it may concern,? It is my pleasure to recommend Sophie Dupont to be a candidate for the position of research assistant at the School of Literature and Arts in your university. Sophie pursued her PhD studies in Comparative Literature under my supervision from 2009 to 2011.? Sophie always stands out among the best in our program, consistently demonstrating a strong work ethic and a dedication to success. She shows a good ability to grasp concepts and engage in critical reasoning. Apart from her excellent independent work, she has great interpersonal skills and is cooperative with other team members. She is intellectually curious and wants to further her exploration into literature by becoming a research assistant.? She has demonstrated good potential to undertake further research work with her diligence and creativity. I believe if she is lucky enough to join your team, she will make a contribution to your program.? I am happy to recommend her and to provide further information if required.? Yours sincerely, Prof. Anne Wallace awallace@solaa.com
unit 2
—————Word building 1
1) practical
2) practicability","practicality
3) practicable
4) impractical","impracticable
—————Word building 2
1) incredible
2) creditors
3) credibility
—————Word building 3
1) descents
2) descendants
3) descending
—————Word building 4
1) underestimate
2) overestimate
3) estimation
—————Word building 5
1) evaporation
2) evaporated
3) evaporative
————— Word building 6
1) indications
2) indicating
3) indicator
4) indicative
—————Word building 7
1) intervention
2) intervening
3) interventionist
—————Word building 8
1) paralyzing
2) paralyzed
3) paralysis
—————Word building 9
1) receding
2) recession
3) recessionary","recession
—————Word building 10
1) terrific
2) terrifically","terrifyingly
3) terrifying
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) call
2) back
3) called up
4) call in
5) call off
6) call for
7) call?
8) back
9) call for
10) call in
11) call for
12) call up
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) carry on
2) carried out
3) carry
4) forward","on
5) carry forward","carry on
6) carry over
7) carry forward","carry on
8) carry on
9) carry out
10) carry
11) through
12) carry out","carry through
—————Collocation 1
1) built on ","rested on
2) build","lay","provide
3) build","lay
4) build","lay","provide
5) builds on","rests on
6) rock","shake","threaten","undermine
7) rock","shake","threaten","undermine
—————Collocation 2
1) memories
2) responses
3) laughter
4) appetite
5) sympathy
6) admiration
7) anger
8) interest
9) images
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) dumped
2) bumped
3) dumped
4) dumped
5) bumped
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) commended
2) commanded
3) commended
4) commanded
5) command
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) moderate
2) temperate
3) temperate
4) moderate
5) moderate
—————Cloze
1) A
2) C
3) C
4) C
5) A
6) C
7) B
8) B
9) D
10) C
11) B
12) D
13) C
14) C
15) D
16) B
17) B
18) C
19) B
20) D
—————Sentence translation
1. 當(dāng)我們把車停在這家以便宜著稱的超市的停車場時，我們看見店內(nèi)人潮涌動，擁擠不堪。
2. 兩位游客從著火的熱氣球上跳下，重重地摔在地上; 兩人都昏了過去。
3. 人們低估了這個男孩的勇氣，因為在洪水之中，他沒有因恐懼而不知所措，相反他強迫自己向前移動。
4. 杰克在房頂上左右轉(zhuǎn)身、四處張望，深信國民警衛(wèi)隊員會劈波斬浪來救他。
5. 到達(dá)山頂時，我覺得有些不可思議：我不再恐高了?？謶譀]了，那一刻我勝利了！
6. 作為恐怖襲擊的唯一幸存者，極度的恐懼一直困擾著他，直到現(xiàn)在他才能在述說這件事的時候不再流淚。
7. 我們剛上床，突然房子就上下顛簸、左右搖晃，顯然我們在經(jīng)歷一次輕微地震。
8. 劇院發(fā)生爆炸后，警察急忙安排大家到安全地帶，還盡力安撫那些頃刻之間歇斯底里的觀眾。
9. 在面臨海嘯巨浪時，即使飽經(jīng)世故的人們也顯得神經(jīng)脆弱，神情嚴(yán)肅面對恐懼， 無人能不受影響。
10. 各種指標(biāo)顯示我們的實驗失敗了；我們必須放棄這項研究計劃，轉(zhuǎn)向另外一個。
—————Phrase translation
1. he had not been paralyzed with fear
2. this bar has become notorious
3. Chinese food is known for its combination of "color, aroma, taste and appearance"
4. if she knew for sure that he loved her more than anything
5. Like father, like son
6. Much as I admire him as a writer
7. Animals are there for a reason
8. None of us should ever underestimate
9. In the stillness of the evening could be heard
10. American English is no exception
—————Paragraph translation
1) "Chinese martial arts, whose core is the body actions of attacking and defending and whose basic units are a series of skills and trick, were accumulated by ancient Chinese people at the price of their lives in the war activities and has been gradually formed in the environment of unique Chinese culture. Therefore, it has become an essential component of traditional Chinese culture and contains abundant ancient Chinese thoughts. Shaolin kung fu is considered the most prominent representative and symbol of Chinese martial arts. It was formed in the unique Buddhist culture of Shaolin Temple in Songshan Mountain, with the martial arts as its form of expression which is practiced by the martial monks of Shaolin Temple.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) B
2) D
3) C
4) B
5) A
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) D
2) A
3) A
4) C
5) A
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. to research the effect of authority on obedience / to illustrate people's reluctance to confront those who abuse power
2. progress to the maximum voltage level
3. they refuse to continue despite the urge
4. they found they had not harmed the "learner"
5. Obeyed but justified themselves
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. they may have hurt someone or may lose their job
2. detoxification
3. go to AA meetings
4. helps other alcoholics understand and follow the AA program
5. stop alcoholism / drinking
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) B
2) D
3) A
4) L
5) E
6) M
7) K
8) G
9) I
10) C
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) I
2) G
3) K
4) C
5) F
6) L
7) D
8) I
9) G
10) L
—————General writing
1) "Nowadays extreme sports like rock climbing, BMX and in-line skating have attracted the public's attention. They have experienced much growth in popularity especially among young people. However, a heated debate arises on whether extreme sports should be encouraged.? The opponents of extreme sports are concerned about the hidden risks and the possibility of injury, even death, from such sports. A convincing case is that even professional skateboarders are likely to get injured when they lose their balance on a handrail, despite some necessary protection. Thus, extreme sports require a high standard of skill training and good practice facility with proper supervision, which are quite demanding for common people.? In contrast, proponents believe that extreme sports are an antidote to youth's daily pressure. For energetic young men, extreme sports are always challenging, exciting, and fancy. Besides, they can also build up one's body as well as one's confidence. Most importantly, extreme sports provide the opportunity to expose one's potential and to find out where one's extremes lie.? From my perspective, I would like to vote for extreme sports though I still have a piece of advice for those players that good training and effective protection, before starting any extreme sport, are absolutely necessary.
—————Practical writing
1) "Personal Statement I am Linzhi Fang, an undergraduate student from Fudan University majoring in Environment Engineering. In retrospect, I had been fascinated by all kinds of insects, birds, plants and flowers in the natural world when I was very young. I always want to know more about the mysterious natural world. Later on, environmental protection appealed to me so much that I chose to study Environment Engineering three years ago in Fudan University.? I have always been interested in science-based subjects which help me to explore and understand our extensive and profound nature. Apart from the core courses as Environmentology, Ecology, Environmental Monitoring, Enviromental Chemistry, I also had excellent performance in related subjects such as Organic Chemistry and Mathematics. Meanwhile, I once had the chance to work as an intern in Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.? I would love to devote myself to global environmental protection. Therefore, I hope to further my study on an international scale. I have long admired your highly esteemed university. Fully prepared and well determined, I am convinced that your university will be a new starting point in my study.
unit 3
—————Word building 1
1) afflictive
2) afflictions
3) afflicted
—————Word building 2
1) responsive
2) irresponsive
3) responded
4) respondents
—————Word building 3
1) deprive
2) deprivation
3) deprivation
—————Word building 4
1) appreciation
2) appreciative
3) appreciating
4) depreciate
—————Word building 5
1) Humanities
2) humanitarian
3) inhumane
—————Word building 6
1) integration
2) integrate
3) integrality","integrity
4) integrally","integratedly
—————Word building 7
1) administration","administrators
2) administrative","administration
3) administrator
—————Word building 8
1) nourished
2) nourishing
3) nourishment
4) malnourished
—————Word building 9
1) destruction
2) destructive
3) destroyers
—————Word building 10
1) significant
2) insignificant
3) significance
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) come by
2) come round
3) come up with
4) coming across
5) come about
6) come about
7) come across
8) come by
9) come round
10) come up with
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) count on
2) count down
3) count in
4) count
5) out
6) count against
7) count against
8) counted down
9) count
10) in
11) count on
12) counted out
—————Collocation 1
1) was ahead of
2) fallen behind
3) arrange
4) keep to","stick to
5) amend
6) ambitious
7) busy","demanding","heavy
8) demanding","heavy
9) busy","demanding","heavy
10) daily
—————Collocation 2
1) bring back","brought back
2) evoke
3) arouse
4) trigger
5) stir up
6) vivid
7) bitter-sweet
8) embarrassing
9) childhood
10) vague
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) transformation
2) transformation
3) transformation
4) transitions
5) transition
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) complement
2) complement
3) complimented
4) compliment
5) complement
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) introductory
2) preliminary
3) preliminary
4) introductory
5) preliminary
—————Cloze
1) C
2) A
3) B
4) D
5) A
6) C
7) C
8) D
9) C
10) C
11) D
12) B
13) B
14) A
15) D
16) D
17) B
18) D
19) B
20) C
—————Sentence translation
1. 盡管在文學(xué)領(lǐng)域大獲成功，他最喜愛的身份卻是模范父親和普通農(nóng)民，而不是諾貝爾文學(xué)獎獲得者。
2. 保健專家們通常認(rèn)可均衡飲食與定期鍛煉為健康之道，而不是減肥藥丸和縮胃手術(shù)。
3. 該將軍受到強烈譴責(zé)，因為他在撤退期間拋棄了那些受傷的士兵，以致他們后來被敵人俘虜并慘遭屠殺。
4. 目標(biāo)就是確保不僅要讓我們的客戶，而且要讓當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)，店主和住宿業(yè)老板意識到當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境的脆弱性。
5. 因特網(wǎng)被認(rèn)為能夠超越膚色差異、社會身份不同以及國界，但是有些人一直對此持懷疑態(tài)度。
6. 在飽受戰(zhàn)爭摧殘的國家，數(shù)百萬人被剝奪了基本的人權(quán)，并且陷入極度營養(yǎng)不良，身患傳染疾病，甚至遭受虐待的狀況中。
7. 上賽季最有價值的球員沒有在這次比賽上場，并且由于沒有參加賽后的慶?；顒佣鹆舜蠹业年P(guān)注。
8. 盡管他沒有合法的駕駛證，他依然想方設(shè)法繞過路上的關(guān)卡上了高速公路。
9. 供水主管道被恐怖分子蓄意破壞了，這導(dǎo)致飲用水嚴(yán)重缺乏并且影響到了上百萬的人。
10. 他的才華被籃球星探發(fā)現(xiàn)純屬巧合，這也使他從一個無名球員成長為大球星。
—————Phrase translation
1. in the thrill of creative effort
2. suffer from great life pressure
3. Having been a victim of earthquake
4. Even as his life ended at 69 years of age
5. a friend in need is a friend indeed
6. raise awareness on water issues all over the world
7. She knew more about how to be considerate of others than anyone else
8. It's not by any coincidence that he has succeeded
9. strive for the best results
10. immersed herself in Chinese history and culture
—————Paragraph translation
1) "The name Hua Mulan has been synonymous with the word "heroine" in Chinese culture. Disney's 1998 animated film, Mulan, brought her name to a wider audience. Mulan disguised as a man to stand for the duty of her old and ailing father to be recruited into the army. Mulan was full of valor in the battlefields and showed utter dedication and loyalty to the country. She won respect for her martial skills and ideas from other soldiers. Because of her repeated battle achievements, Mulan was promoted to general. When the enemy retreated, Mulan changed back to a girl's clothing and the other soldiers realized for the first time that the general who had experienced such hardships was female. A feeling of reverence and respect toward the woman overwhelms all of the soldiers. It is said that when Mulan's deeds were widespread, an imperial edict came to promote Mulan. But she chose to resign from the position and went back home to be a farmer, because to her, honors and disgrace, gains and losses were all external things.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) B
2) A
3) C
4) D
5) B
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) C
2) C
3) C
4) D
5) C
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. to provide scholarship funds for young women interested in science
2. the paucity / lack of women pursuing a career in technical fields
3. her parents' trust and support
4. lower starting salaries
5. ask for people's support of women and minorities pursuing a career in science
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. he wants the corruption in the tobacco business to be revealed on TV
2. slow and cautious
3. the scenes jump very fast
4. visually impaired
5. an intelligent thriller about big business versus the little guy
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) D
2) J
3) B
4) E
5) A
6) K
7) C
8) F
9) H
10) G
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) L
2) K
3) N
4) C
5) L
6) Q
7) G
8) P
9) D
10) H
—————General writing
1) "Nowadays, reports of good people and good deeds are frequently springing up. Owing to the rapid development of our society, many traditional views toward good deeds have changed in the past few decades. Moreover, it has become a controversial issue whether one should be rewarded when doing a good deed.? Some people believe that without an appropriate mechanism to encourage people's good deeds, the kind-hearted may be repressed so that they would stop helping others when needed. For the sake of building a harmonious and friendly society, it is of great importance to encourage people to be mutually helpful.? However, there are still some objections that good deeds should be voluntary and free service of the doers, having nothing to do with the expectation of rewards. In other words, people do good deeds not because they desire money or returns from others, but because they want to do so and to feel honored, respected and needed. As a result, doing good deeds is an essential source of one's happiness, pleasure or even pride.? In my opinion, both views are reasonable. Nevertheless, I cherish more the idea that if rewards are appropriately given to the kind and helpful hearts, there will be an increase in the number of people who are always ready to help others.
—————Practical writing
1) "Dear Manager Zhang,? It is with great reluctance that I submit my resignation to you and I am leaving the company in two months. The last working day will be November 3.? The reason why I am leaving the company is that I am moving back to Shanghai to take care of my parents, whose health conditions have not been very good recently. However, don't worry about the work I am doing right now. I will finish the work as quickly as I can and submit it to you before I leave.? It has been a good pleasure to work for you. The kindness and support offered by you and the colleagues all these years have left a deep impression on me and I would like to extend my sincerest gratitude to all of you.? Wish you and the company continued success. If there is anything that I can do to help with the transition, please let me know.? Sincerely yours, Wang Jun
unit 4
—————Word building 1
1) bureaucracy
2) bureaucratically
3) bureaucratic
—————Word building 2
1) unconscious
2) subconscious","subconsciousness
3) self-consciousness
4) consciously
—————Word building 3
1) Compulsive
2) compulsion
3) compulsorily
—————Word building 4
1) conceivable
2) conceiver
3) conception
4) conceptive
—————Word building 5
1) consolation
2) consoler
3) consolatory
—————Word building 6
1) corporation
2) corporate
3) corporately
—————Word building 7
1) disorientation
2) disorienting
3) orient
4) disoriented
—————Word building 8
1) interpretation
2) interpreter
3) interpretive
—————Word building 9
1) irritant","irritation
2) irritatingly
3) irritation
—————Word building 10
1) presumption
2) presumptive
3) presumable
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) cut in
2) cut off
3) cut across
4) cut down
5) cut back
6) cut across
7) cut back","cut down
8) cut down
9) cut in
10) cut off
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) get by
2) get at
3) get away
4) gets on
5) get away with
6) get at
7) get away
8) get away with
9) get by
10) get on
—————Collocation 1
1) consider
2) dismissed","excluded","ruled out
3) exploring
4) dismiss","exclude","rule out
5) reduce
6) raised
7) open up
8) allow for
9) explore","look into
10) dismiss","exclude","rule out
—————Collocation 2
1) adverse","negative
2) dramatic","major","profound","significant
3) dramatic","major","lasting","profound","significant
4) adverse","negative","serious
5) adverse","major","negative","profound","serious
6) dramatic","major","profound","significant
7) lasting
8) major","adverse","dramatic","negative","serious","significant
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) compulsive
2) compulsory
3) compulsive
4) compulsory
5) compulsory
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) origin
2) source
3) origin
4) source
5) sources
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) assemble
2) assemble
3) gather
4) gathered
5) assemble
—————Cloze
1) D
2) B
3) A
4) C
5) B
6) B
7) A
8) D
9) C
10) B
11) B
12) B
13) C
14) D
15) A
16) A
17) C
18) B
19) B
20) C
—————Sentence translation
1. 警察在這起謀殺案調(diào)查中停滯不前已有兩周了，而唯一的安慰是他們已經(jīng)控制了幾名嫌犯。
2. 每天早上非洲獵豹醒來時，它知道自己必須超過那只跑得最慢的瞪羚，否則就會餓死。
3. 諷刺的是，當(dāng)某些官員坐在豪華的辦公室里時，腦子在想的是索要賄賂，而不是有益民生的政策。
4. 體驗青年企業(yè)家項目將賦予年輕人組織和管理知識，使他們更容易將來自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。
5. 他們跨國婚姻的破裂不僅僅是因為距離簡單的緯度和經(jīng)度的改變；多元文化背景的差異始終產(chǎn)生著深遠(yuǎn)的負(fù)面影響。
6. 一點點的幽默可以幫助我們放松禁錮現(xiàn)代人的心理防衛(wèi)機(jī)制，使我們與來自各行各業(yè)的人的交往變得更容易。
7. 漫步在蘇州古典園林中，西方游客們被充滿中國古典美學(xué)和文化韻味的異國建筑所深深吸引。
8. 高血壓病人應(yīng)該小心，不要把醫(yī)生的警告當(dāng)成耳邊風(fēng)，也不要攝入太多高熱量食物，從而使自己的健康處于危險的境地。
9. 他們將督促采取國際聯(lián)合行動和預(yù)防措施來保護(hù)熱帶雨林，以防其受到進(jìn)一步破壞。
10. 研究者推測，缺少器材以及閑暇時間是限制學(xué)生參加課外體育活動的主要因素。
—————Phrase translation
1. far outrun what was actually discovered
2. because from the outset he called for direct talks
3. fascinated with the hope of self-realization without doing anything
4. To have an insight into family life in America
5. Traveling abroad might have helped her taste food
6. more likely than not, they will oblige
7. watch out for those who are too friendly with you
8. They spent six hours preparing for the exam
9. the country will be stuck in the same mode
10. thanks to massive government stimulus plans
—————Paragraph translation
1) "Mount Tai, crowned as the most famous of China's five great mountains, is situated in central Shandong Province, stretching over 200 kilometers. This mountain impresses visitors with its majesty. Its summit overlooks the surrounding valleys and peaks. To reach the summit, visitors need to climb up a stone staircase and go through the tortuous paths, along which they will feast their eyes on the charming scenery and appreciate the ancient architectural works of various styles. Ancient emperors often prayed here for the country's prosperity and peace by offering sacrifices to the Heaven and Earth. Early in 1985, the World Heritage Commission under UNESCO placed it on the UN list of world cultural and natural heritage sites.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) B
2) D
3) A
4) A
5) C
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) D
2) D
3) B
4) C
5) A
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. concentrate too heavily on passengers by volume
2. their positions on the airplane
3. wrong proportion policies of passengers / huge excess of capacity
4. becomes more complex / baffling
5. volume / low-fare passengers
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. a ball he is playing with under his right front paw
2. an official with at least the 7th rank or above
3. the introduction of Buddhism / a Buddhism legend
4. lions were considered divine animals / lions can protect the truth and keep off the evils
5. something is too large in number to be counted clearly
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) I
2) K
3) A
4) B
5) E
6) H
7) J
8) F
9) B
10) D
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) C
2) E
3) G
4) A
5) L
6) B
7) K
8) F
9) I
10) D
—————General writing
1) "Statistics show that the number of people in City X traveling abroad has increased dramatically in the past few years. In 2004, no more than 20,000 people chose outbound travel. The figure doubled four years later, with 40,000 outbound travelers. Statistics indicated that there were more than 120,000 people who traveled abroad in 2012.? In my opinion, there are mainly three reasons for the increase in outbound travel. First, with the economic boom, citizens now enjoy higher income which enables them to afford the high expenses of traveling in foreign countries. Second, the general social attitude toward life has also undergone significant changes. People are now inclined to try a variety of new ways of entertaining themselves as well as broadening their horizon. And outbound travel provides them with chances to fulfill their growing needs. Third, it should not be ignored that the RMB has appreciated these years, which makes outbound travel much less expensive than before.? The increase in outbound travel can greatly influence our economic and social life. Local tourist spots are facing fierce competition from local rivals as well as foreign ones. Workers there have to work harder in order to maintain their competitive edge. However, for the whole society, people have more chances to see the outside world and their enriched experience will inevitably change their attitudes toward life, which could, in turn, accelerate the development of Chinese society.
—————Practical writing
1) "Dear Jim,? The bearer of this note, Mr. Robert Mitchell, of Chicago, plans to be in Asheville for about a month. Besides being a personal friend of mine, he is a successful radio director of a number of top-ranking shows, such as You and Me, Stories to Share, One of You, and Midnight, to name but a few of his popular programs. Knowing how interested you are in radio advertising, I'm sure you'll enjoy meeting him.? I have long wanted you and Bob to know each other, and I'm glad of this opportunity to bring you together. I am sure you two will have much to talk about concerning future cooperation. Of course I'll appreciate anything you can do to make Bob's stay in Asheville more enjoyable? and I know he will, too.? With kindest regards to you and Ellen.? Cordially, Katherine
unit 5
—————Word building 1
1) addicted
2) addictive
3) addiction
—————Word building 2
1) automated
2) automatic
3) automatically
4) automation
—————Word building 3
1) contented
2) contentedly","contently
3) contentment","content
—————Word building 4
1) dutiful
2) undutiful
3) dutifully
—————Word building 5
1) infectious
2) infection
3) infectiously
4) infected
—————Word building 6
1) innovation
2) innovative
3) innovator
—————Word building 7
1) producer
2) productive
3) productivity
4) production
—————Word building 8
1) residents
2) residential
3) residence
—————Word building 9
1) specialty","specialization
2) specialist
3) specially
4) specialize
—————Word building 10
1) voluntarily
2) volunteer
3) involuntary
4) voluntariness
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) break off
2) break down
3) break into
4) break out
5) break up
6) break out
7) break down
8) break into
9) break off
10) break up
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) going along
2) go ahead
3) go away
4) go back
5) go about
6) goes along
7) go about
8) go ahead
9) go away
10) go back
—————Collocation 1
1) impression
2) attitude
3) child
4) interests
5) growth
—————Collocation 2
1) law and order
2) contacts
3) car
4) relations
5) prices
6) house
7) rights
—————Collocation 3
1) effects
2) weather condition
3) criticism
4) circumstances
5) reaction
6) publicity
7) winds
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) injured
2) harm
3) harm
4) harm
5) injured
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) instant
2) immediate
3) immediate
4) instant
5) immediate
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) toxic
2) exotic
3) toxic
4) toxic
5) exotic
—————Cloze
1) B
2) C
3) C
4) D
5) C
6) D
7) B
8) B
9) C
10) A
11) C
12) D
13) A
14) A
15) B
16) B
17) C
18) A
19) A
20) B
—————Sentence translation
1. 被敵人抓住后，這位將軍飽受折磨，近乎淪為奴隸。
2. 盡管他的個人興趣和目前的工作并不吻合，為了遵從父母的期望，他被迫繼續(xù)工作。
3. 如今，年輕人更傾向于把大量時間用于工作，擁有很少而非很多的閑暇時光。
4. 不把我們的理解強加給孩子們，而愿意分享孩子們的理解，這是培養(yǎng)孩子創(chuàng)造力的第一步。
5. 一些有太多閑暇時間的大學(xué)生會覺得很難克制自己不去玩令人沉迷的電腦游戲。
6. 年輕人不應(yīng)該僅僅為了一點金錢報酬，就像奴隸一樣工作，他們應(yīng)該學(xué)會最大程度地享受手頭的工作。
7. 理清主次和責(zé)任的順序?qū)τ诒３止緝?nèi)部的和諧至關(guān)重要。
8. 如果你覺得想要不辜負(fù)別人的期望是一件很有壓力的事情，你可以稍作停頓并考慮一下別人的期望和你自己的期望是否一致，如果不一致，那就去做對你最有益的事情。
9. 在解決勞資糾紛時，政府應(yīng)該努力做到公平，采取恰當(dāng)有效的措施。
10. 如果學(xué)生采取積極的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度并改善學(xué)習(xí)方法，自然而然，學(xué)業(yè)上會取得成就。
—————Phrase translation
1. People are most likely to feel disappointed
2. feel an overwhelming sense of guilt
3. Whether he will come to work in China depends not on himself
4. be more prone to jumping from animals to humans
5. Some young people just wanted to make money for doing nothing
6. endeavor to simplify it as concisely as possible
7. The more failures, the more chances for success
8. instead of focusing on what we do not
9. whatever the job
10. the topic of the readings exactly coincides with that of the lecture
—————Paragraph translation
1) "The origin of tea is in China. China is the homeland of tea. Long time ago, people found that tea has become an essential part of people's daily drink since drinking tea can make people spirited and think clearly. As one of the seven daily necessities (woods, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea), drinking tea is very popular in ancient China. Chinese tea culture is extensive and profound. Over thousands of years, China has not only accumulated abundant material cultural knowledge of tea plantation and production, but also developed the spiritual culture of tea.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) A
2) D
3) C
4) B
5) A
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) D
2) A
3) A
4) C
5) D
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. ask for the salary he hopes to get
2. if people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it
3. don't give their staff automatic pay raises equal to their merit
4. do something to impress the boss just before the decision about pay raise is made
5. the right communication style
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. one's occupation affects the way one is treated as a person
2. showed no respect / were impolite to her
3. inferior treatment
4. those working in the service industry shouldn't be treated as servants
5. see how they treat servers
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) I
2) F
3) B
4) A
5) J
6) E
7) N
8) M
9) K
10) D
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) D
2) F
3) A
4) H
5) R
6) T
7) E
8) W
9) C
10) Q
—————General writing
1) "When making a career plan, one often hesitates over the choice between a smaller firm and a larger one. It is quite similar to deciding whether to be a small fish in a big pond or the other way round. As for me, I prefer a small company.? Firstly, it is true that large companies with adequate financial resources can provide better job stability, but they could lay off thousands of their employees when facing financial crises. In contrast, a small firm, with more chances provided for employees to interact with their employer, is unlikely to dismiss good employees even when the company is suffering a loss.? Secondly, unlike large companies, where it often takes years for an employee to get promoted, small companies, with their flat organizational structure, may recognize more easily the contributions made by individuals.? Thirdly, in a large company, there may be many workers working in the same office, sitting in their own cubicles and seldom interacting with each other. In contrast, employees working for smaller firms can get to know one another at a much more personal level and enjoy a more friendly, family-like atmosphere.? Admittedly, working for a large company can bring you advantages such as excellent employee benefits and free training courses. However, a smaller firm might be a better choice when taking job stability, advancement opportunities and working environment into consideration.
—————Practical writing
1) "Dear Sir or Madam,? I have seen your advertisement for the post of executive secretary that appeared this morning in Bristol News and would like to apply for it.? I have pleasure in enclosing my resume. As you will be able to see from it, I have been working on a full-time basis for 11 years. For the last six years, I have been personal secretary to the chief accountant of Royal Philips of the Netherlands. I therefore feel that I have the experience to carry out the duties of an executive secretary satisfactorily, and if you decide to appoint me, I will give the company my complete loyalty.? I will be able to attend an interview any time at your convenience, but would be grateful if you could give me one or two days' notice so that I can apply for leave from my present employers.? Yours faithfully, Lydia Johnson
