The Conditional

假定式

Use the verb ending?-us?to talk about non-real, imagined situations, or to make polite requests.

假定式詞尾為-us，用于提及非真實，想像中的情形?；蛘哂糜诙Y貌上的請求用語。

Non-real situations

非真實情形

Non-real situations are the topic of "if...then" sentences, like this one:

在英語中，非真實情形是以“if...then”為話題的句子，例如：

• Se mi?estus?sana, mi?laborus.?
  If I were healthy, I would work.

  如果我健康，我會去工作

Notice that Esperanto, unlike English, uses the?-us?form in both parts of the sentence - since both parts are non-real.

世界語不像英語，在世界語句子中，整句話都要使用假定式——因為整句話都是在說明非真實的情形。

We also talk about non-real situations when we express our wish for something to be different from what/how it actually is:

當我們想表達我們希望某件事能夠和現(xiàn)實中的不一樣時，我們也可以使用假定式：

• Se li nur?estus?iom pli bela!?
  If only he were a bit more handsome!

  如果他長得再帥一點！

The?-us?ending does not carry any temporal information. Thus, it is possible to use the?-us?ending for events in the past as well. When doing so, context usually indicates that we are talking about the past:

-us本身不帶有任何的時態(tài)，所以它可能會用在過去發(fā)生的事情中，在這種情況下，上下文通常會指出我們所談及的內(nèi)容是與過去相關(guān)的

• Se Zamenhof?scius?la ?inan, Esperanto?estus malsama.?
  If Zamenhof had known Chinese, Esperanto would be different.

  如果柴門霍夫會中文，世界語將會（和現(xiàn)在）不同

• Se vi?dirus?tion al mi jam hiera?, mi ne?farus?la eraron.?
  If you had told me this already yesterday, I would not have made the mistake

  如果你昨天把這個告訴我，我就不會錯了

Polite requests

禮貌請求

The?-us?form can also be used to express polite requests.

假定式也可以用于表示禮貌上的請求。

• ?u vi?volus?iri al la kinejo kun mi??
  Would you like to go to the movies with me?

  ?你想和我一起去看電影嗎？
  

• Mi??atus?iom pli da sukero.?
  I would like a little more sugar.

  我想要多點糖

Review of?-n?for direction

回顧：用于表示方向的詞尾-n

Remember to use the?-n?ending when talking about a movement towards a certain place. For example

當談及朝著明確方向移動時，要用詞尾-n，例如：

• Metu la dosierojn en?dosierujon!?
  Put the files?into?a folder!

  把文件放入文件夾中！

Retpo?to?vs.?retmesa?o

Retpo?to 和 retmesa?o

Retpo?to?means email in general; the service that allows you to send and receive electronic messages. A message sent by?retpo?to?(email) is called?retmesa?o?(an email).

總體來說，Retpo?to意為電子郵件；能讓你收發(fā)電子信息的服務。而用retpo?to（電子郵箱）發(fā)的信息叫做?retmesa?o（電子郵件）

原文：www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Internet/tips-and-notes

翻譯：vanilo