七七 | 非謂語（上）

非謂語

不反應(yīng)時態(tài)

可以反映與謂語動作的光后關(guān)系

• To be the No.1，you must study harder.
• 之后
• He pretended to be reading when his mother came in.
• 同時
• Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
• 之前
• Have you seen the building built in the 1970s?
• 無需強(qiáng)調(diào)先后

非謂語10種形式

充當(dāng)謂語以外的所有成分

主賓表定狀補(bǔ)

不定式句法

To become a millionaire is my dream.

• 主語

My dream is to become a millionaire.

• 表語

l want to become a millionaire.

• 賓語

She asks me to help her.

• 補(bǔ)語

He is the first one to come.

• 定語

To become a millionaire，l dreamed a lot.

• 狀語

動名詞句法

Traveling around the world is my dream.

• 主語

My dream is traveling around the world.

• 表語

l fancy walking in the rain.

• 賓語

This is a swimming pool.

• 定語

分詞功能

My job is interesting.

• 表語

l saw him playing basketball when l went to school.

• 補(bǔ)語

Do you see the boy swimming in the pool?

• 定語

Seeing from the top of the mountain，l find the city more beautiful.

• 狀語

l am so excited.

• 表語

l heard a song sung by 77 yesterday.

• 補(bǔ)語

The man injured in the accident is my idol.

• 定語

Seen from the top of the mountain, the city is more beautiful.

• 補(bǔ)語

非謂語作主語

能做主語的非謂語動詞只有

• 不定式
• to do
• to be done
• 具體的、一次性的動作
• 動名詞
• doing
• being done
• 抽象的、習(xí)慣性的動作

To have a walk is my plan this afternoon.

To be checked in the airport is a routine.

Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

Being punished by the teacher was what he deserved.

難點不難之：doing / being done 作主語

Being punished by the teacher was what he deserved.

• 被老師懲罰是他應(yīng)受的。

Being a student is happy.

• 做學(xué)生是幸福的。

Being exposed to sunlight for too much will do harm to one's skin.

• be exposed to：暴露于

重點：不定式和動名詞作主語時，常用it作形式主語

①lt is/ was adj. for sb. to do sth.

• lt is easy for you to learn English with @Yiyinger.
• To learn English with @Yiyinger is easy.
• lt is easy to learn English with @Yiyinger for you.
• for sb. 放在句末也可以
• adj.是評價事件的詞，如：hard、easy、impossible、unnecessary…

②lt is / was adj. of sb. to do sth.

• lt is wise of you to learn English with @Yiyinger.
• of sb. 不能隨意調(diào)整位置
• adj.是形容人品性的詞，如：kind、foolish、unwise、clever…

③lt is a/an n. to do sth.

• lt is a pity to miss such an important lecture.
• pity n. 遺憾的事

④lt takes sb. sometime to do sth.

• lt usually takes me an hour to go from home to work.

⑤lt is no use / good / harm doing sth.

• lt is no use crying over spilt milk.
• spill v. 灑出，溢出
• lt is no good complaining.
• complain：抱怨

⑥It is a waste of time doing sth.

• lt is a waste of time arguing with her.

非謂語作表語

主語常為aim，idea，plan，job，suggestion等名詞，或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，用不定式或動名詞作表語，說明主語的具體內(nèi)容。

• My idea is to discuss the problem in groups.
• What l would suggest is to start work at once.

不定式通常說明主語的職責(zé)，未來有待實現(xiàn)的行為

• My job is to clean the teachers' office.

動名詞則表示比較抽象的、習(xí)慣性動作。

• His hobby is collecting coins.

主語和表語可以互換；采用的形式要一致

• My dream is to travel around the world. = To travel around the world is my dream.
• To see is to believe. = Seeing is Believing.
• To waste time is to waste life.

通常主語為事，“令人...的"

• The game is exciting.

遍常主語為人，“感到...的"

• We felt so excited.

remain作“有待”講，后加to be done作表語；

• Our problem remains to be solved.

remain作“保持”講，后可加現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語；

• She remained standing though we repeatedly asked her to sit down.
• The true author of the book remains unknown.

1. My task is to clean the classroom this afternoon.
2. The story was moving . We were all deeply moved by the story.
3. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better to remain silent.
4. lt is no good learning English without speaking English.
5. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.

Being brought up in a poor family made Jack very hardworking when he was still young.

A. Bringing up

B. Being brought up?

C. Having brought up

D. Brought up

1. when ——去從句，找主句
2. made ——主句的謂語動詞