·單詞

smash-and-grab n.????砸櫥窗搶劫：a kind of robbery in which the robbers break the shop window and steal the goods on display

????·smash?v.????打碎，（使）粉碎

????????·smash the window????打破窗戶

????????·The glass smashed into small bits.????玻璃碎成了小碎片

????????·We're determined to smash terrorism.????我們決心粉碎恐怖主義

????????·smash the Gang of Four????粉碎“四人幫”

????????·可替換：shatter?v.????（使）破碎，碎裂;?破壞，摧毀（抽象物）

????? ? ????·shatter?the window????打破窗戶

????????????·The?glass?shatter?into small bits.????玻璃碎成了小碎片

????????????·shatter one's dream/hope/confidence ...????粉碎某人的 夢(mèng)想/希望/信心

????????????·Peter's comments shattered the boy's confidence.????彼得的話粉碎了男孩的信心

????·grab?v.?攫取，抓住并一把奪過來

????????·A mugger grabbed her handbag as she was walking across the park.????當(dāng)她穿過公園時(shí)，一個(gè)搶劫犯搶走了她的手提包

????????·同義詞：seize?v.????抓住，捉住

????????????·As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill.????由于工人拒絕停止工作，警察試圖奪氣動(dòng)鉆

arcade n.????有拱廊的街道(兩旁常設(shè)商店)

Piccadilly n.????皮卡迪利大街

jewellery n.????珠寶(總稱) (英) (不可數(shù))

????·jewelry n.????珠寶(總稱)?(美)?(不可數(shù))

????·a piece of jewelry????一件珠寶

????·two piece of?jewelry????兩件珠寶

????·She has a lot of beautiful jewelries.????X????jewelries 不可數(shù)

????·She has a lot of beautiful jewelry.????√

????·She has a lot of beautiful jewels.????√????jewels 可數(shù)

????·jewel (可數(shù)) -> jewelry/jewellery?(不可數(shù))

????·scene 風(fēng)景，風(fēng)光 (可數(shù))?-> scenery?風(fēng)景，景色 (不可數(shù))

????·machine 機(jī)器?(可數(shù))?->?machinery?機(jī)械?(不可數(shù))

????·weapon 武器?(可數(shù))?-> weaponry?兵器，武器(總稱)?(不可數(shù))

????·poem 詩?(可數(shù))?-> poetry 詩歌?(不可數(shù))

????·novel 小說?(可數(shù))?-> fiction 小說?(不可數(shù))

????·myth 神話故事?(可數(shù))?-> mythology?神話故事?(不可數(shù))

????·leaf 葉子?(可數(shù))?-> foliage?葉子?(不可數(shù))

????·table/chair 桌子/椅子?(可數(shù))?-> furniture 家具?(不可數(shù))

????·pen/pencil 鋼筆/鉛筆?(可數(shù))?-> stationery 文具?(不可數(shù))

????·trunk/suitcase 行李箱/手提箱?(可數(shù))?-> luggage/baggage?行李?(不可數(shù))

necklace n.????項(xiàng)鏈

ring n.????戒指

background n.????背景

velvet n.????天鵝絨,絲絨

headlight n.????(汽車等)前燈

blare v.????發(fā)嘟嘟聲，吼叫

staff n.????全體工作人員 (指一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)全部的人用單數(shù))

????·The hospital's medical staff is/are excellent.????這家醫(yī)院的醫(yī)務(wù)人員非常優(yōu)秀。當(dāng) staff 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)都行，單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，復(fù)數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)每一個(gè)人

????·teaching staff????教職員工

????·engineering staff????工程師團(tuán)隊(duì)

????·domestic staff????一個(gè)家庭的全體傭人

????·Though my aunt pursued what was, in those days, an enlightened policy, in that she never allowed her domestic staff to work more than eight hours a day, she was extremely difficult to please.????雖然姨婆的政策在當(dāng)時(shí)算是開明的，她從不讓傭人每天工作超過8小時(shí)，但她卻很難取悅

????·Already, orientals and Asian Americans constitute the majority of the engineering staffs at many Valley firms.????在硅谷的許多公司里，東方人和亞裔美國人已經(jīng)占據(jù)了工程人員的大多數(shù)

????????·類似用法單詞：cast n.????（電影、戲劇等的）全體演員

? ? ????·類似用法單詞：crew?n.????全體船員，全體機(jī)組人員

? ? ????·類似用法單詞：faculty?n.????（高等院校的）系，院；<美> 全體教員

? ??????·類似用法單詞：audience?n.????（某一個(gè)劇場(chǎng)，禮堂）觀眾

raid n.????偷襲

scramble v.????爬行

fantastic adj.????非常大的

ashtray n.????煙灰缸

·課文講解

????The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty. Mr. Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display. Two of his assistants had been working busily since eight o'clock and had only just finished. Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr. Taylor went back into his shop.

????The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweller’s. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars. While this was going on, Mr. Taylor was upstairs. He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window. Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain. The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed. Just as it was leaving, Mr. Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.

英語記敘文 (narrative) 的要點(diǎn)

1:五個(gè)W一個(gè)R(when, where, who, why, what and result)????時(shí)間地點(diǎn)人物起因經(jīng)過結(jié)果

2:目的明確，線索清晰，描寫生動(dòng)，詳略得當(dāng)，句式多變。

The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening.?

????·expensive shops/hotels????高檔 商店/酒店

????????·Mary is an expensive girl. She eats like a horse/lion.????瑪 麗是個(gè)愛花錢的女孩，她食量很大 (不能像中文一樣直譯為像豬一樣，外國人聽不懂)

????????·a fancy/luxury car/hotel? ? 一輛?高檔/豪華 轎車/酒店

????·arcade n.????(上有頂蓋的）拱廊式街道

????????·arch?n.????拱門；拱頂

????????????·17-Arch Bridge????十七孔橋

????????????·Arch of Triumph????凱旋門

????????·archway n.????拱門；拱道

????????????·The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on.????這個(gè)學(xué)生躲在附近的一個(gè)拱門里，在那里他可以看到和聽到發(fā)生的一切

????·near prep.????在 ... 附近

????????·類似的：

???? ????????·around?prep.????在……周圍，在附近

????????????·colse to prep.????在附近；接近；幾乎

????????????·in the neighborhood of ...????在?...?附近

????????????·in the vicinity of ...????在?...?附近

????????????·off prep.????靠近，離 … 不遠(yuǎn)；

????????????????·I rent an apartment off campus.????我在校外租了一套公寓

????????????????·Not if I can help it. I've been thinking of renting an apartment off campus with some friends of mine.????如果我能避免它。我一直在考慮和我的一些朋友在校外租一套公寓

????????????????????·help 在口語中：used to say that it is impossible to prevent or avoid sth?某人忍不?。ɑ驘o法抑制）做某事；不可能避免某事

????·模仿造句: 在朝陽區(qū)建國門外大街上高檔的國貿(mào)商城(China World Shopping Mall) 剛剛開始營業(yè)。

????????·The?expensive?China?World Shopping Mall?on/at the JianGuoMenWai?Avenue in Chaoyang District was?just opening.?

At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty.

????·empty?adj.????空的；派生意：空蕩蕩的，沒人的

????????·an empty truck? ?一輛空卡車

????????·empty street????空蕩的街道

Mr. Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display.?

????·jewellery?shop =?the jeweller’s????珠寶店

????????·the grocer's????食品雜貨店

????????·the tailor's????裁縫店

????????·the baker's????面包店

????????·the butcher's????肉店

????????·the barber's????理發(fā)店

????????·the stationer's????文具店

????????·the chemist's????藥店

????????·如果不是具體的職業(yè)身份，則不能表示所屬的店

????????????·We spent the weekend at Mr. Green's (house).????我們?cè)诟窳窒壬叶戎苣?/p>

????????????·He graduated from St. John’s (University).????他畢業(yè)于圣約翰大學(xué)

????????????·Joe lives near St. Paul’s (Cathedral) in London.????喬住在倫敦圣保羅大教堂附近

????·admire?v.????欽佩，仰慕；欣賞，觀賞

????????·I admire her courage.????我欽佩她的勇氣

????????·I am admiring her beauty.????我正在欣賞她的美貌

????????·盯?。荒?；出神的看：gaze at ...

????????????·After gazing at the display for several minutes,?Mr. Taylor went back into his shop.????泰勒先生盯著陳列品看了幾分鐘后，又回到了他的店里

Two of his assistants had been working busily since eight o'clock and had only just finished.

????·(shop) assistant????店員 (英)

? ? ? ? ·(shop)?clerk????售貨員，店員 (美)

????????·an assistant manager????助理經(jīng)理

????·had been working????過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

????????·表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作一直做到過去的某時(shí)，而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去。

????????·Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his latest model.????布萊里奧從1905年開始制造飛機(jī)，這是他的最新型號(hào)

????????·The small ship, Elkor, which had been searching the Barents Sea for weeks, was on its way home.????這艘名為“埃爾科號(hào)”的小船已經(jīng)在巴倫支海搜尋了幾個(gè)星期，正在回家的路上

????????·The Karen had been sailing in a convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemy submarine.????“克倫”號(hào)在前往俄羅斯的護(hù)航船隊(duì)中遭到敵方潛艇的魚雷襲擊

????????·People woken during these periods of eye-movements generally reported that they had been dreaming.????在這些眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)期間醒來的人通常報(bào)告說他們?cè)谧鰤?mèng)

????·only just?adv.? ? ：not long ago/before 剛剛

????????·We've only just arrived.????我們剛剛才到

????????·I've only just moved to London.????我剛搬到倫敦

????????·People were leaving and I'd only just arrived.????人們都走了，我才到

Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet.

????·arrange v.????安排，籌備；整理，布置，排列

????????·We arranged the chairs in a semicircle.????我們把椅子排成半圓形

????????·His books are neatly arranged in alphabetical order.????他的書按字母順序整齊地排列著

After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr. Taylor went back into his shop.

????·gaze at????盯?。荒?/p>

????????·He gazed at the belle.????他注視著那個(gè)美女

????????·He stared at the belle.????他瞪著眼目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看那個(gè)美女

????????·He gaped at the belle.????他目瞪口呆地凝視那個(gè)美女

????????·The belle glared at him.????美女怒視著他

文似看山不喜平。

為人貴直, 而作詩文者貴曲。

????????????????? ? ——?袁枚《隨園詩話》

The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.

獨(dú)立主格。本句中 with 引導(dǎo)伴隨狀語

????·(with) + n. + 非謂語 (doing/done/to do, 其中 being 常省略)，在句中常作狀語或定語。

????·with?its headlights?(being) on and its horn blaring????with 引出獨(dú)立主格，and 并列另一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格

? ? ·One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings?(being) over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars.?????with 引導(dǎo)后置定語

????·..., and at this point, according to my father, I should be looking at farms and cottages in a valley, with the spire of the church of our village showing in the far distance.????在這一點(diǎn)上，根據(jù)我父親的說法，我應(yīng)該看到山谷中的農(nóng)場(chǎng)和小屋，遠(yuǎn)處可以看到我們村里教堂的尖頂

????·It is possible that upon such an occasion a battle ensued, with the sharks being driven away or killed.????在這種情況下，很可能會(huì)發(fā)生一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗，鯊魚要么被趕走，要么被殺死

????·Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger, the box was full of crockery, (with) much of it broken.????除了一把看起來很有趣的雕刻匕首外，盒子里裝滿了陶器，大部分都碎了

????·In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by presenting his readers with a series of coincidences — (with)?most of them?(being)?wildly improbable.????在19世紀(jì)，小說家在結(jié)束他的故事時(shí)，會(huì)向讀者呈現(xiàn)一系列的巧合——其中大多數(shù)是極不可能發(fā)生的

????·The village seemed deserted, (with)?the only sign of life being an ugly-looking black goat tied to a tree on a short length of rope in a field nearby.????村子里似乎空無一人，唯一的生命跡象是一只長(zhǎng)相丑陋的黑山羊，用一根短繩拴在附近田野的一棵樹上

????·it is quite reasonable to regard the sea floor as the basic form of the crust of the earth, with, superimposed upon it, the continents, together with the islands and other features of the oceans.????把海底看作是地殼的基本形式是完全合理的，在它上面疊加著大陸、島嶼和海洋的其他特征 (本句語序發(fā)生了改變，因?yàn)檫壿嬛髡Z太長(zhǎng)了，所以放在了后面)

????·獨(dú)立主格和非謂語

????????·He came in and carried a book.????中文語序，沒有突出 came in 是重要的，還是 carried a book 是重要的，中文用語氣來表達(dá)重點(diǎn)

? ? ????·He came in carrying a book.????使用非謂語，表示進(jìn)來是重要的，帶著一本書是次要的

? ? ????·He came in and a book was in his hand.????他進(jìn)來了，手里拿著一本書

? ? ????·He came in (with) a book (being) in his hand.????這個(gè)時(shí)候無法用非謂語進(jìn)行修飾了，就需要用獨(dú)立主格，強(qiáng)調(diào) came in

????·roar v.????吼叫， 咆哮;?n.吼叫聲， 咆哮聲；（風(fēng)或海的）呼嘯聲，（機(jī)器的）隆隆聲；（獅等的）吼叫聲；爆笑聲

????????·The roar of airplane engines announced a coming air raid.????飛機(jī)引擎的轟鳴聲宣布空襲即將來臨

????????·易混詞

????????????·exclamation?n.????驚叫，感嘆；感嘆語，感嘆詞

????????????·whistle?n.????哨子；口哨聲

????????????·scream?n.（因疼痛、驚恐、興奮等發(fā)出的）尖叫聲

????·模仿造句:寧靜突然被打破，一個(gè)兇惡的家伙(a tough guy)，瞪著眼睛拿著槍，闖進(jìn)了(break into) 銀行。

????????·The silence was suddenly broken when a tough guy,?with his?eyes glaring and a?gun?in? his hand,?broke?into a bank.

It came to a stop outside the jeweller’s.

????·came to a stop/halt = stop/halt

????????·Bruce charged at it, but in the middle, the car came to a grinding halt.????布魯斯朝它沖過去，但車開到中間時(shí)嘎然停了下來

????????·come to an end = end

????????·come to a close = close

????????·come to a decision = decide

????????·come to a conclusion = conclude

One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars.

????·be?at the?wheel????在駕駛室

????·while?在此翻譯為而

????????·He must be over 60, while/wherreas his wife looks about 30.????他一定有60多歲了，而他妻子看起來只有30歲左右

????????·While she is a likable girl, she can be extremely difficult to work with.????雖然她是一個(gè)可愛的女孩，但她可能非常難以合作 (此時(shí)的 while 表示“盡管”的意思)

????????·While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life.? ? 當(dāng)他們享受著舒適和平庸的豪華住所時(shí)，他們沒有意識(shí)到他們被剝奪了生活必需品。

????????·While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers.????雖然法律新聞的質(zhì)量參差不齊，但許多記者過分依賴律師提供給他們的解釋

????????·While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.????雖然律師的評(píng)論和反應(yīng)可能會(huì)增加報(bào)道的內(nèi)容，但記者最好還是依靠自己對(duì)重要性的理解，做出自己的判斷

????????·While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.????雖然華盛頓和杰斐遜私下表達(dá)了對(duì)奴隸制的厭惡，但他們也明白，奴隸制是他們幫助創(chuàng)建的這個(gè)國家的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)基石的一部分

While this was going on,?Mr. Taylor was upstairs.

????·while 當(dāng) ... 發(fā)生時(shí)

????????·類似的

????????????·at the same time

????????????·meanwhile

????????????·(in the) meantime

He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window.

????·begin doing/to do????開始做某事 (主動(dòng)用 doing，客觀用 to do)

????????·start doing/to do????開始做某事

????????·Many of the tourists on board had begun bargaining with the tradesmen, ...????船上的許多游客已經(jīng)開始和商人討價(jià)還價(jià)

????????·It began to rain.????天開始下雨了

????????·During the journey, the boat began to sink.????在旅途中，船開始下沉

????·staff 和 furniture 不可數(shù)

Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade.

????·chair?和 table 可數(shù)

????·flying? ? 非謂語動(dòng)詞作方式狀語

????????·The boy went running to meet him.????男孩跑過去迎接他

????????·The girl came bouncing to tell me the news.????那女孩蹦蹦跳跳地來告訴我這個(gè)消息

One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.

????·be busy doing sth.????忙于做某事

????????·be busy with sth.????忙于某事

????????·They are busy preparing for the wedding.????他們正忙著準(zhǔn)備婚禮

????????·They are busy with preparations for the wedding.????他們正忙著準(zhǔn)備婚禮

????·be busy doing sth. to do sth.????太忙與做某事而沒能 ...

????????·He was too busy working to notice us come in.????他工作太忙了，沒有注意到我們進(jìn)來

????????·類似句型

????????????·be up to one's neck/ears/eyes in ...????忙得不可開交

????????????????·He is up to his ears in work.????他工作忙得不可開交

????????????????·I'm up to my ears in work, so l'll have to take a rain check.

????????????????????·take a rain check????改日

????????????·be wrapped up in ...????忙于某事

????????????·be absorbed in ...????全神貫注于

????????????????·In the new country he became absorbed in making a new life for the two of us, so that he gradually ceased to grieve.????在這個(gè)新的國家里，他全神貫注地為我們倆開創(chuàng)新的生活，所以他逐漸不再悲傷了

????????????·be immersed in ...????沉浸于

????????????????·He is totally immersed in the novel.????他完全沉浸在小說中

????·help oneself to sth.????自便。本文中意為搶，偷 (抽象含義：未經(jīng)主人允許自己拿)

????????·They helped themselves to the farmer's apples.????他們偷吃了農(nóng)夫的蘋果

The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed.

????·all over????完全結(jié)束

????·in three minutes????花費(fèi)了三分鐘，in + 時(shí)間，表示花費(fèi)了 ... 時(shí)間

????????·within?+ 時(shí)間，表示：在?... 時(shí)間內(nèi)

????????·under?+ 時(shí)間，表示：不到?...?時(shí)間

????????·The birds covered the distance in three minutes.????這些鳥在三分鐘內(nèi)飛完了這段距離

????·scrambled v.????倉皇地跑

????????·As the burning plane landed, the terrified passengers scrambled for the door.????著火的飛機(jī)著陸時(shí)，驚慌失措的乘客爭(zhēng)先恐后地向艙門跑去

????·move off????離開

????·at a fantastic speed????以驚人的速度

????????·used to show a rate, speed, etc.?（用于速度、比率等）以，達(dá)

????·1.speed 做不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，與 at，with 搭配均可

????????·e.g. at/with great speed????以極快的速度

????·2.speed 做可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，只能與 at 搭配

????????·e.g. at a speed of 60 mph????以每小時(shí)60英里的速度

Just as it was leaving, Mr. Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves.

????·Just as????引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句

? ? ·throwing 引導(dǎo)伴隨狀語從句

????·ran after????在后面追；追求

????????·chase?v.????追逐，追趕；追求

????????????·Instead of studying, he wastes his time chasing girls.

????????·pursue?v.????追求；追逐

????????????·The thief ran across the field, with an officer pursuing him.????小偷跑過田野，一名軍官在后面追趕

????·?impossible/possible 主語不能是人

They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.

????·金錢 + worth of + 物品????價(jià)值多少錢的東西

????????·one billion dollars worth of merchandise.???? 價(jià)值十億美元的商品

?????????·fifty pence worth of trouble????50便士的麻煩

????????·Well I'm alone and I just bought fifteen dollars worth of candy bars, what do you think?????好吧，我一個(gè)人，我剛買了15美元的糖果棒，你覺得呢?

????????·I just bought 50 yuan worth of groceries.????我剛買了價(jià)值50元的雜貨