數(shù)據(jù)文件采用錯誤方式刪除后的解決辦法
問題描述：當(dāng)采用以下步驟刪除數(shù)據(jù)文件后發(fā)現(xiàn)v$datafile視圖中仍然有該文件記錄,且狀態(tài)recover，意識到該刪除步驟有問題，生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中存在此種情況，此時(shí)作為dba應(yīng)該怎么辦？
a、 使用alter database datafile 5 offline;
b、rm 命令刪掉數(shù)據(jù)文件
實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo)：模擬該異常，并提供解決方案.
實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境：oracle 11.2.0.4+ 單實(shí)例
1、模擬異常
SQL>alter tablespace users add datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf'size 10m autoextend on;
Tablespacealtered.
SQL>select file#,name from v$datafile
FILE# NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf
2/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf
3/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf
4/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf
5/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf
SQL>select d.tablespace_name,v.file#,d.file_name,d.bytes/1024/1024,v.status,v.enabled,d.autoextensible,d.increment_byfrom dba_data_files d,v$datafile v where d.file_id=v.file#
TABLESPACE_NAME FILE# FILE_NAME D.BYTES/1024/1024 STATUS ENABLED AUT INCREMENT_BY
------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------ ---------- --- ------------
USERS 4/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf 5 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 160
UNDOTBS1 3/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf 70 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 640
SYSAUX 2/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf 490 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 1280
SYSTEM 1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf 740 SYSTEM READ WRITE YES 1280
USERS 5/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf 10 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 1
現(xiàn)使用錯誤方法刪數(shù)據(jù)文件users02.dbf
SQL>alter database datafile 5 offline;
Databasealtered.
現(xiàn)在系統(tǒng)層面刪除數(shù)據(jù)文件users02.dbf
[oracle@leoleodb]$ ll
total1531236
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 9748480 Aug 7 13:54 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo01.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:53 redo02.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo03.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 534781952 Aug 7 13:54sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 775954432 Aug 7 13:54system01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 30416896 Aug 7 12:33 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 73408512 Aug 7 13:54 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 5251072 Aug 7 13:23 users01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 10493952 Aug 7 13:23 users02.dbf
[oracle@leoleodb]$ rm -rf users02.dbf
[oracle@leoleodb]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb
此時(shí)通過以下語句查詢發(fā)現(xiàn)users02.dbf狀態(tài)為recover，v$datafile中仍然有該數(shù)據(jù)文件記錄,意識到操作錯誤.
SQL> selectd.tablespace_name,v.file#,d.file_name,d.bytes/1024/1024,v.status,v.enabled,d.autoextensible,d.increment_byfrom dba_data_files d,v$datafile v where d.file_id=v.file#;
TABLESPACE_NAME FILE# FILE_NAME D.BYTES/1024/1024STATUS ENABLED AUT INCREMENT_BY
------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------ ---------- --- ------------
USERS 4/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf 5 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 160
UNDOTBS1 3/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf 70 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 640
SYSAUX 2/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf 510 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 1280
SYSTEM 1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf 740 SYSTEM READ WRITE YES 1280
USERS 5/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf?RECOVERREAD WRITE
SQL>select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf
說明：成功模擬出異?，F(xiàn)象.
2、解決方案
a、添加同路徑同名數(shù)據(jù)文件
b、RECOVER并ONLINE該文件
c、用正確方法進(jìn)行刪除
操作過程：
SQL>alter database create datafile 5 as '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf'size 10m;
Databasealtered.
[oracle@leoleodb]$ ll
total1531244
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 9748480 Aug 7 14:24 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo01.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 14:24 redo02.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo03.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 534781952 Aug 7 14:24sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 775954432 Aug 7 14:24system01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 30416896 Aug 7 14:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 73408512 Aug 7 14:23 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 5251072 Aug 7 13:23 users01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 10493952 Aug 7 14:24 users02.dbf
SQL>recover datafile 5;
Mediarecovery complete.
SQL>alter database datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf' online;
Databasealtered.
SQL>alter tablespace users drop datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf';
Tablespacealtered.
SQL>host ls -l /u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf
ls:cannot access /u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf: No such file ordirectory
SQL>selectd.tablespace_name,v.file#,d.file_name,d.bytes/1024/1024,v.status,v.enabled,d.autoextensible,d.increment_byfrom dba_data_files d,v$datafile v where d.file_id=v.file#;
TABLESPACE_NAME FILE# FILE_NAME D.BYTES/1024/1024 STATUS ENABLED AUT INCREMENT_BY
------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------ ---------- --- ------------
USERS 4/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf 5 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 160
UNDOTBS1 3/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf 70 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 640
SYSAUX 2/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf 510 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 1280
SYSTEM 1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf 740 SYSTEM READ WRITE YES 1280
[oracle@leoleodb]$ ll
total1520996
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 9748480 Aug 7 14:26 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo01.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 14:26 redo02.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo03.log
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 534781952 Aug 7 14:24sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 775954432 Aug 7 14:24system01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 30416896 Aug 7 14:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 73408512 Aug 7 14:23 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 5251072 Aug 7 13:23 users01.dbf
說明：users02.dbf被成功刪除，系統(tǒng)層面及v$datafile中已不存在該文件記錄
