不從零開(kāi)始的有機(jī)反應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)——Fukuyama還原

Fukuyama reduction
Fukuyama還原是以丙酮或THF為溶劑,在氫硅烷的還原下,將硫酯在不經(jīng)過(guò)醇的條件下還原成醛的反應(yīng)。而硫酯很好制取,由酯類與巰反應(yīng)即可得,類似于酯交換反應(yīng)。
本反應(yīng)條件比較mild,而且不會(huì)有多余影響,但缺點(diǎn)是酯不適用于本反應(yīng)。烯也會(huì)被還原,但是能用林德拉催化劑加過(guò)量端位烯對(duì)反應(yīng)進(jìn)行改良反應(yīng)式可寫成如下形式:

以下是某個(gè)不存在的百科上給出的釋義,大家可以作為參考
The Fukuyama reduction is an organic reaction and an organic reduction in which a thioester(巰酯) is reduced to an aldehyde by a silyl hydride in presence of a catalytic amount of palladium. This reaction was invented in 1990 by Tohru Fukuyama.
反應(yīng)機(jī)理
一般認(rèn)為如下
R-C(O)-SR + Pd(0) → RC(O)-Pd(II)-SR
RC(O)-Pd(II)-SR + R3SiH → RC(O)-Pd(II)-H + R3Si-SR:
RC(O)-Pd(II)-H → RC(O)-H + Pd(0)
圖示如下:

當(dāng)然也有另一種可能的機(jī)理:

應(yīng)用實(shí)例
Facile reduction of ethyl thiol esters to aldehydes: application to a total synthesis of (+)-neothramycin A methyl ether Tohru Fukuyama, Shao Cheng Lin, Leping Li J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112 (19), pp 7050–7051 doi:10.1021/ja00175a043

另注:其實(shí)本篇文獻(xiàn)在開(kāi)頭就解釋了這個(gè)反應(yīng)的意義何在,對(duì)比傳統(tǒng)的羧酸還原有何優(yōu)勢(shì),有興趣的同學(xué)可以看看。
隨心情更新,但若無(wú)特殊情況最慢一周一個(gè)反應(yīng)。鑒于本人水平不足(我并不是搞合成的而是做有機(jī)金屬的233),因此本不務(wù)正業(yè)之作難免有錯(cuò)誤或不足,歡迎各位大佬指出。
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