1·summary

What is a summary?（opinion and surpporting details）

A summary is a short account in your own words of something you have read.You express the author`s ideas in a condensed form(壓縮性）.

A good summary shows that you really understand what you have read.Why is that?Beacause a summaryy contains the main idea and only the essential(必不可少的；基本的）?information in an article.(What is important,and what is merely(不過是...)?detail.)

How ti write a summary?

*start by previewing（預(yù)視，預(yù)觀察)?the title? for te article as the title often summarizees what the passage is about.Then look at the subtitle,which can give you?quick insight(了解) into the meaning of the articlele.The first and the last paragraphs of the article will help too as the writer usually introduces you?to the subject and states the purpose of the passage in the first several paragraphs and presents conclusions or a summary in the last several paragraphs.

*As a general guideline,a paragraph?might be reduces to a sentence or two,an article might be reduced to a paragraph,and?a textbook chapter?might be reduced to about three pages of notes.

*As a general rule,a reading summary is usually one or two paragraphs in length.The first sentence of the summary should express the main idea of the reading,and the rest of the summary should include:A)The major points the writer uses to develop or support the main idea;B)The definitions（定義；釋意)?which are necessary to understand the article;and C)The writer`s attitude,if one is expressed in the article.

*should not include details or examples that appear in the article unless a general concept(概念) cannot be?understood without an illustration(示例) of what iis meant.

*should be written in your own words to demonstrate(證明) that you have understood the article(paraphrase,never simply alter(改動) a few words here and there,copy the rest,the summary must be complietely in your own words,except when you wish to quote,using quotation marks(引號)）

*should not express your opinion about the subject matter(主題）.