ostracize
音標(biāo)：
英音/ ??str?sa?z /美音/ ?ɑ?str?sa?z /

聽聽基本釋意：

見原文：https://engapi.com/article/4994

外刊例句：
He said that his family has been ostracized and he has prayed alone in his jail cell.
他說他的家人遭到排斥，他獨(dú)自在牢房里祈禱。
—New York Times

What democracies need, he added, are investments in improvements — the best ideas, no matter where they come from — and a strong commitment to ostracizing those who violate rules and norms.
他補(bǔ)充說，民主國家需要的是對改進(jìn)的投資——最好的想法，無論它們來自哪里——以及對排斥那些違反規(guī)則和規(guī)范的人的堅定承諾。
—New York Times

“These women essentially sold themselves to save their families. … Rather than being supported, they were ostracized,” she said.
“這些女性實(shí)際上是為了拯救家人而出賣自己的。 ……他們非但沒有得到支持，反而遭到排斥，”她說。
—Washington Post

基本釋意：
verb
expel from a community or group
放逐；排斥；按貝殼流放法放逐

同義詞：
ban,banish,blackball,cast out,ostracise,shun,ostracise

短釋義：
Ostraka is an ancient Greek word for pottery shard. Thousands of years ago, in the Greek city of Athens, there was a public process where you would write the name of someone you wanted to kick out of town on a broken ceramic fragment. If enough Athenians wrote the same name, that person was sent away for ten years. This process was called an ostracism.
如果你驅(qū)逐某人或忽視他，你就是在排斥他。當(dāng)伊朗總統(tǒng)聲稱大屠殺是一場騙局時，他遭到了國際社會的排斥。

長釋義：
Ostraka is an ancient Greek word for pottery shard. Thousands of years ago, in the Greek city of Athens, there was a public process where you would write the name of someone you wanted to kick out of town on a broken ceramic fragment. If enough Athenians wrote the same name, that person was sent away for ten years. This process was called an ostracism.
Ostraka 是古希臘語，意為陶器碎片。幾千年前，在希臘雅典城，有一個公共程序，你可以在一塊破碎的陶瓷碎片上寫下你想踢出城的人的名字。如果有足夠多的雅典人寫下同樣的名字，這個人就會被放逐十年。這個過程被稱為排斥。

文學(xué)例句：
“We used to ostracize everyone, even each other.”
“我們曾經(jīng)排斥所有人，甚至互相排斥。”
—Catch-22 by Joseph Heller

“Bruno was bullied and ostracized, alone and afraid. The city was a large and unforgiving place. Especially for those who seemed different. Especially for those who had no family, no community.”
“布魯諾受到欺凌和排斥，孤獨(dú)而害怕。這座城市是一個巨大而無情的地方。尤其是對于那些看起來與眾不同的人。尤其是對于那些沒有家庭、沒有社區(qū)的人來說?！?br>—I Can Make This Promise by Christine Day

Sentenced to prison for treason, Burnham instead winds up as an ostracized temp on the USS Discovery.
伯納姆因叛國罪被判入獄，但最終成為發(fā)現(xiàn)號航空母艦上被排斥的臨時工。
—Perspective | TV needs a really great space saga. ‘Star Trek: Discovery’ comes close, but the longing remains. by https://www.facebook.com/pages/Hank-Stuever/71611518791

詞源：
ostracize?(v.)”exile by ostracism, banish by popular vote,” also in a figurative sense, “to exclude from society or favor,” 1640s, from Latinized form of Greek ostrakizein “to banish,” literally “to banish by voting with potshards” (see ostracism). Related: Ostracization; ostracized; ostracizing.Related entries & more

下面是詞源的翻譯（機(jī)器翻譯比較難翻，參考著看）
ostracize (v.)“通過排斥而流放，通過民眾投票驅(qū)逐”，也有比喻意義，“從社會或青睞中排除”，1640年代，源自希臘語ostrakizein的拉丁化形式“驅(qū)逐”，字面意思是“通過投票驅(qū)逐”與陶器碎片”（見排斥）。相關(guān)：排斥；被排斥；排斥。相關(guān)條目及更多