英語語法系統(tǒng)合集|七七

9獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，兩句歌詞一唱就會(huì)用!

目錄

1.獨(dú)立主格有什么用

2.獨(dú)立主格怎么用

(1)轉(zhuǎn)化方法

(2)基本結(jié)構(gòu)

<不能省略being的情況>

3.習(xí)題集

1.獨(dú)立主格有什么用

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)用處：修飾句子,使句子更加生動(dòng)。

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)等于簡(jiǎn)化后的狀語從句/并列句

特點(diǎn)： 自帶主語,主句主語和從句主語不一致

例句:

1. A man came in，his face hidden by an upturned coat collar and a cap pilled low over his brow.

2. ''Don't stand in my way,'' Tom yelled out, his voice quivering with rage.

2.獨(dú)立主格怎么用

(1)轉(zhuǎn)化方法

經(jīng)典例句:

1) The work (having been) done, we went tomorrow.

------> After the work had been done, we went home.(時(shí)間狀語)

2) Whether permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.

------> If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.(條件狀語)

3) An important lecture to be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night.

------> As an important lecture will be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night.(原因狀語)

4) He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.

------> He was lying on the grass, and his hands were crossed under his head.(伴隨狀語)

【轉(zhuǎn)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),如果直接去除連接詞，會(huì)違背英語中的‘’一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句只有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞‘’，故去除連接詞后需將其他動(dòng)詞變成非謂語。（主句保持原狀）

直接根據(jù)他們和動(dòng)作的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系，以及是否需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作先后順序，來決定它采用哪種形式的非謂語?！?/p>

(2)基本結(jié)構(gòu)

1)名詞+to do 將作/to be done 將被做···

2)名詞+doing主動(dòng)做,正在做/being done 正在被做/

having done 已經(jīng)做了/having been done 已經(jīng)被做了

3)名詞+done 被動(dòng) 做

4)名詞+形容詞

例句: She sat down on the ground, her face pale with great pain.

(還原成) She sat down on the ground and her face was pale with great pain.[原句]

(或者) She sat down on the ground, and her face being pale with great pain.[相比其他的doinog傳遞的''主動(dòng),進(jìn)行''的意味,在這個(gè)語境當(dāng)中，倒顯得沒有特意強(qiáng)調(diào)的必要性,所以可以直接將being省略掉。]

(最終變成) She sat down on the ground, her face pale with great pain.

5)名詞+副詞

She sat at the table,collar being off, head being down, and pen being in position, ready to begin the long letter.(形容詞ready作狀語，后面可接不定式)(伴隨狀語)

6)名詞+介詞短語

例句:(這類獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，通常會(huì)省略名詞前的冠詞)

1. He was waiting, his eyes on her back.

2. The teacher came in, book in hand.

3. The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand.

7)名詞+名詞(伴隨狀語)

例句:

1. The children in the mountainous school received many gifts, most of them being books.

【簡(jiǎn)化:1）名詞+非謂語

2）名詞+（being+）形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/名詞?！?/p>

*8) With復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

在以上獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)前加上with即可（基本如此）

在功能上比獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)更強(qiáng)大

特點(diǎn)： 1.可以不用逗號(hào)隔開；

2.但名詞前的限定詞，即冠詞和物主代詞不能省略

3.介詞with后人稱代詞用賓格

4. 除了狀語,With復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)還經(jīng)常用來充當(dāng)定語。

<不能省略being的情況>

1.當(dāng)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的主語是代詞時(shí)。

例句1. It being Christmas, the government offices were closed。

2.用there be句型表示''有''的時(shí)候不能省略。

例句1. There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.

3.習(xí)題集

<完>

NO. 20230301