·單詞

Southampton n.????南安普敦(英國港市)

colossal adj.????龐大的

????·a?colossal?ship????一艘巨輪?(描述體積)

????·a?colossal?sum of money????一大筆錢 (描述數(shù)量)

????·本文中形容詞的替換

????????·huge????great????immense? ??adj. 極大的，巨大的，龐大的

????????·enormous????gigantic????titanic????adj. 極大的，巨大的，龐大的

watertight adj.????不漏水的

????·詞義辨析：

????????·watertight?adj.????不透水的(不往外漏)

????????·waterproof?adj.????防水的(不忘里漏)

????????·airtight?adj.????不透氣的

????????·hermetic?adj.?????(容器)密封的

????????·sealed adj.????封閉的，密封的(例如：封條，門窗封閉。空氣和水都能進(jìn)，但是不能輕易的打開)

????????????·The teacher opened the?sealed?envelope containing the exam papers.????老師打開裝有試卷的密封信封。

compartment n.????(輪船的)密封艙

flood?v.????充滿水

float v.????漂浮，飄浮

tragic adj.????悲慘的，悲劇的

????·tragedy n.????悲慘事件????->????tragic

????·comedy n.????喜劇????->????comic adj.????滑稽的，好笑的；喜劇的

????·drama n.????劇本，戲劇????->????dramatic adj.????有關(guān)戲劇的，戲劇表演的；夸張的

(ocean)liner n.????班船,郵輪

????·airliner n.????班機(jī)；大型客機(jī)

????·steamship n.????輪船；汽船

????·yacht n.????帆船，快艇，游艇

????·tanker n.????油輪，油車

????·ferry n.????渡船，擺渡；渡口

????·raft n.????木排，木筏，竹筏

????·dinghy n.????小艇；小船

????·canoe n.????獨木舟，小劃子

????·kayak n.????皮船；愛斯基摩小艇

voyage n.????航行(海上)

????·flight?n.????航行(空中)

????·navigation n.????航海(海上，不可數(shù))????????aviation n.????航空(空中，不可數(shù))

????·be?on?a voyage/flight/trip/journey/tour????在 航海/乘飛機(jī)/旅行/旅行/旅游 中(在...中用介詞on，用于說明活動或狀態(tài))

????·Bon voyage!????一路順風(fēng)：用于離別時的祝福語，表示對旅行者的祝福和安全的祝愿

????·Have a good trip!????祝你旅途愉快：用于向他人表達(dá)祝福，希望他們在旅行中享受愉快的時光。

????·Happy Iandings!????飛機(jī)降落前，飛行員祝愿乘客們幸福的著陸。

iceberg n.????冰山

lookout n.????瞭望員

collision n.????碰撞

narrowly adv.????剛剛，勉強(qiáng)地

????·We won?narrowly.????我們險勝

????·He?narrowly?escaped drowning.????他險些淹死

????·替換單詞

????????·(only) just

????????????·She?(only) just?failed in the exam.????她考試差一點及格

????????·hardly/scarcely/barely

????????????·I?hardly?know him.????我?guī)缀醪徽J(rèn)識他

miss v.????避開

slight adj.????輕微的

tremble v.????震顫

????·He?trembled?with anger.????他氣得發(fā)抖

????·The leaves?trembled?in the breeze.????樹葉在微風(fēng)中顫動

????·quiver v.????顫抖，抖動/shiver v.????(因寒冷或害怕，激動等而)顫抖，哆嗦，發(fā)抖

????????·When I kiss your lips, ooh I start to?shiver, Can't control the?quivering?inside. Wouldn't you agree, baby you and me got a groovy kind of love.

????·shudder v.????(因恐懼、寒冷等)發(fā)抖，打戰(zhàn)；強(qiáng)烈震動，劇烈抖動

????????·... make a modern climber?shudder?at the thought, ...????讓現(xiàn)代登山者一想到這里就不寒而栗

faint adj.????微弱的

horror n.????震驚，恐懼? ??a?feelings of great fear and shock

????·terror n.????驚恐，恐懼????a feeling of extreme fear

? ? ·horrify v.????使感到震驚，使產(chǎn)生反感????->????horrifying adj.????令人極其震驚的（或厭惡的、恐懼的）

????·terrify v.????使害怕，使恐懼????->????terrifying?adj.????嚇人的，令人害怕的

????·panic n.????恐慌，驚慌?adj.????恐慌的?v.????（使）恐慌，（使）驚慌失措

????????·She suddenly got into a?panic?and stopped her car.????她突然驚慌失措，停了車

abandon v.????拋棄

plunge v.????投入，跳入

lifeboat n.????救生船

·課文講解

????The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At that time, however, she was not only the Iargest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.

????Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.

the Titanic????泰坦尼克號 (特指加定冠詞 the)

????·the Cutty Sark????卡蒂薩克號

? ? ·the Vasa????瓦薩號

The great ship,?Titanic,?sailed for?New York?from?Southampton on?April 10th, 1912.

????·Titanic 做同位語時可以省略定冠詞 the

????????·The small ship,?Elkor, which had been?searching the Barents Sea for weeks, was on its way home.

????????·One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century,?the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich.

????·sail for B from A????從?A?到?B

????????·sail from A to B????從 A 到 B

????????·sail out of A towards B????從A點駛向B點

????????????·The Boeing 747 flew????波音 747 從上海飛往紐約

????????????? ? -from?Shanghai?to?New York.

????????????????-out of?Shanghai?towards?New York.

????????????????-for?New York?from?Shanghai.

????????·先跟目的地必須跟 for

????????????·leave?for?...????動身去

????????????????·I am leaving?for?Dalian on Friday.????我星期五動身去大連

????????????·depart?for?...????動身前往

????????????·set out/off?for?...????出發(fā)去

? ? ? ? ? ? ·make?for?...????朝 ... 走去

????????????????·I think it's time we made?for?home.????我想我們該回家了

????????????·be heading(英)/headed(美)?for?... (朝抽象的目標(biāo)前進(jìn))

????????????????·The negotiation is heading?for?deadlock.????談判即將陷入僵局

????????????????·Newcastle seemed to be heading?for?failure until a late goal?saved the day.????紐卡斯?fàn)査坪跻×?，直到最后時刻的一個進(jìn)球才扭轉(zhuǎn)了局面

????????????????????·save the day????力挽狂瀾

????·英語時間表達(dá)：月日年

????·模仿造句: 馬航?370 號航班(Malaysia Airlines Flight 370) 于 2014 年 3 月 8 日從吉隆坡(Kuala Lumpur)出發(fā)飛往北京。

????????·Malaysia Airlines?Flight 370 flew for Beijing?from?Kuala?Lumpur on March 8th, 2014.

She?was carrying 1,316 passengers and?a crew of 891.

? ? ·指 “車、船、祖國” 時常用 “She”

????????·What's wrong with my car??She?won't start.????我的車怎么了?它不能發(fā)動了

????????·China has done what?she?promised to do.????中國已經(jīng)履行了她的承諾

????·a committee of 100????100人委員會

????·a family of 5????五口之家

????·另一種在船上的表達(dá)方式

????????·on board/aboard?adv. & prep.

????????????·All?aboard!????全體上船

????????????·Welcome?aboard!????歡迎加入

????????????·One thousand three hundred and sixteen passengers and a crew of 891 were?on board(her)/aboare(her).????her 為賓格，指這艘船

????????·課后53頁第4題

????????????·4 ____ were 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891. (11.2-3)

????????????????(a) On her board

????????????????(b) On board her

????????????????(c) Boarding her

????????????????(d) On boarding her

????????·語法點：全部倒裝(把全部謂語置于主語之前)

????????????·1、表示位置或次序的狀語置于句首，只要滿足兩個條件，要用全部倒裝。①主語不是代詞。②謂語動詞不是及物動詞。這種倒裝主要目的是為了突出句末的主語。

????????????????·In came?Miss Green.????進(jìn)來的是格林小姐(全部倒裝)

????????????????·On the hill stands?a temple.????山上立著一座廟(全部倒裝)

????????????????·There are?two people.? ? 這里有兩個人(There be 也是全部倒裝)

????????????????·There?once?stood?a little village.? ??這里曾經(jīng)有一個小村莊(全部倒裝)

????????????????·Now comes?your turn.? ??現(xiàn)在輪到你了(全部倒裝)

????????????????·Next came?a horse, ...????接著是一匹馬(全部倒裝)

????????????????·Off?he?went.????不能全倒裝，因為主語是代詞

????????????????·On the hill John?saw?Mary.????這個也不能全倒裝，因為謂語動詞是及物動詞

????????????·2、表語置于句首。這種倒裝主要目的是為了避免頭重腳輕(主語較長)。

????????????????·Happy is?he who has a sound mind in a sound body.????一個身心健康的人是快樂的

????????????????????·正常的語序：He who has a?sound?mind in a sound body is happy.

????????????????·Gone are?the days when my heart was young and gay.????我的心年輕快樂的時光已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了

????????????·復(fù)習(xí)部分倒裝

????????????????·只把助動詞，be 動詞(之前沒有其他助動詞)或情態(tài)動詞置于主語之前。

????????????????·條件

????????????????????·1、否定詞位于句首

? ? ????????????????·2、“only + 狀語” 位于句首

? ? ????????????????·3、such, so, well, often, many a time 等表示程度、頻率的副詞位于句首

????????·部分倒裝和全部倒裝的區(qū)別。

????????????·1、部分倒裝是為了突出句首;完全倒裝是為了突出句尾(表語前置引起的完全倒裝多是為了避免頭重腳輕).

????????????·2、部分倒裝只看句首，對主語謂語沒有要求;全部倒裝對主語謂語有要求(表語前置引起的完全倒裝除外)。

Even?by?modern?standards,?the 46,000 ton?Titanic was a?colossal?ship.

????·by：according to 根據(jù) ...

????????·What time is it?by?your watch?????你的表幾點了？

????????·By my watch it's 4 o'clock.????我的表是 4?點中

????·standard?n.????標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(公認(rèn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，常用復(fù)數(shù))

????????·safety?standards????安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

? ? ????·moral?standards????道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

? ? ????·living?standards????生活水平

????????·International?Standards?Organization (ISO)????國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

????????·criterion n.?(組織內(nèi)部的)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)? ? criteria (pl.)????pl. 指?Plural n. 復(fù)數(shù)

????????????·admission?criteria????錄取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

????????????·the?criteria?we use to select candidates????我們用于挑選候選人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

????·the 46,000 ton?中的 ton 為什么沒有加 s，因為是名詞作定語修飾后面的 Titanic。名詞作定語一般來說用單數(shù)

????·colossal 前面的一句話用的是 great ship，英語不喜歡重復(fù)，這里是同意替換的

At that time, however, she was?not only?the Iargest ship?that had ever been built,?but?was?regarded as?unsinkable,?for she had sixteen watertight compartments.

????·that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，不用 which 是因為先行詞 ship 前用了最高級 the largest，具體還有類似的可以百度查看【https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/378849477.html】

????·, for 引出原因狀語從句

????·不但 ...?而且 ... 的三種表達(dá)

????????·not only ... but also ...

????????·not only ... but ...

????????·not only ... but ... as well

????·regard?... as ...????把 A 看作 B

????????·see ... as ...? ? 把 A 看作是 B

????????????·I?see?his words?as?a joke.????我把他的話當(dāng)作一個笑話

?????????·count ... as ...????認(rèn)為，算作

????????????·I don't?count?him?as?a friend any more.????我不再把他當(dāng)朋友了

????????·take ... as ...????把 ... 看作是

????????????·Are you?taking?me?as?a fool?????你把我當(dāng)傻瓜了嗎？

????????·look on ... as ...????視為，看作

????????????·They?look on?her?as?a daughter.????他們把她當(dāng)作女兒看待

????????·think of ... as ...????把 A 看作是 B

????????????·Learning a language should be?thought of as?a natural process.????學(xué)習(xí)一門語言應(yīng)該被看作是一個自然的過程

????????·consider ... (to be) ...????視為 ...

????????????·If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would?consider?octopus a great delicacy.????例如，如果你住在地中海，你會認(rèn)為章魚是一種美味佳肴。

????????·be recognized/acknowledged as ...????被認(rèn)為是

????????????·Heifetz?was recognized/acknowledged as?the greatest violinist of the 20th century.????海菲茲被公認(rèn)為20世紀(jì)最偉大的小提琴家

????·unsinkable adj.????形容詞作介詞賓語時可視為其前省略了動名詞 being，即 “介詞 ( + being) + 形容詞” 的形式

????????·He regarded the situation?as?(being)?serious.????他認(rèn)為形勢很嚴(yán)重

????????·His work is far?from?(being)?satisfactory.????他的工作遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意

Even if?two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.?

????·even if 即使，就算(設(shè)想)，而與之類似的 even though 盡管，雖然(已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的，事實)。這兩個都可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但不是一個意思

????????·Even if?you dislike ancient moruments, Warwick Castle is worth a visit.????即使你不喜歡古代遺跡，沃里克城堡也值得一游(不知道你喜歡不喜歡，作假設(shè))

????????·Even though?you dislike ancient monuments,?Warwick Castle is worth a visit.????盡管你不喜歡古跡，沃里克城堡也值得一游(我知道你確實不喜歡古跡，但我還是建議你去看一看沃里克城堡)

????????·The villagers have told him that they will not accept the inn?even if?he gives it away.????村民們已經(jīng)告訴他，即使他把旅館送人，他們也不會接受(假設(shè)，酒館沒送)

????????·Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for?even though?it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.????他幾乎立刻就開始抱怨天氣了，因為盡管當(dāng)時還是夏天，雨卻不停地下，而且常常冷得刺骨。(已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事實)

????????·The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand,?is?never?troubled by?such feelings,?even if?he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.????另一方面，老練的職業(yè)走私犯，即使手提箱里藏著五百塊金表，也從不為這種感情所困擾。(假設(shè)走私犯有五百塊金表)

????????????·be troubled by????被 ... 困擾

????????·Even if?you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time.????即使你在理想的天氣里旅行，海上旅行也要花很長時間(假設(shè))

????????·She was sentimentally attached to this house, for?even though?it was far too big for her needs, she persisted in living there long after her husband's death.????她在感情上眷戀著這所房子，因為盡管它對她的需要來說太大了，但在她丈夫死后很久，她還是堅持住在那里(事實)

????????·l immediately embarked on an experiment which,?even though?it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours.????我立即開始了一項實驗，盡管它沒能擺脫螞蟻，但卻讓我著迷了24小時(事實)

The tragic?sinking?of this great liner will always be remembered, for she?went down?on her?first voyage?with heavy?loss of life.

????·go down: sink 同意替換，因為前半句出現(xiàn)了 sinking

????·first voyage????首航

????????·maiden?voyage/flight/work????首航/首次飛行/處女作

????????·virgin?land????原始土地：指未被開墾或利用過的土地，通常指荒野或偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)

????????·debut?n.????處女秀，首次登臺

????????????·She made her professional stage?debut?in Swan Lake.????她的職業(yè)舞臺處女作是《天鵝湖》

????????·premiere n.????首映，首次公演

????????????·the world?premiere?of his latest movie????他最新電影的全球首映式

????·loss of life 可替換為 casualty n.?傷亡人員；受害者

????????·civilian?casualties????平民傷亡：在軍事行動中，非軍事人員因戰(zhàn)爭、沖突或其他暴力行為而受傷或喪生的人員

????????·death toll????死亡人數(shù)：在事故、災(zāi)難、戰(zhàn)爭等中死亡的人數(shù)

????????????·The?death toll?has risen to 90.????死亡人數(shù)已上升至90人

????·模仿造句:人們將永遠(yuǎn)牢記這架馬來西亞班機(jī)(the Malaysian airliner)的失蹤慘劇，因為它在從吉隆坡(Kuala Lumpur)到北京的航行中神秘地失去聯(lián)系，造成慘重的生命損失。

????????·The tragic missing?of the Malaysian airliner will always be remembered, for it mysteriously lost contact?on its?flight?for?Beijing?from?Kuala Lumpur?with?heavy?loss of life.

Four days?after setting out,?while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg?was?suddenly?spotted?by?a lookout.

????·Four days after setting out????介詞后面跟動名詞，之后之前不久的一段時間可以直接放在 before 和 after 的前面

????????·Ten minutes after calling 911, a police car arrived on the spot.????報警10分鐘后，一輛警車趕到了現(xiàn)場

????·a huge?iceberg?was?suddenly?spotted?by?a lookout????英語常用被動語態(tài)突出句子重點

????????·Paw prints?were seen?in a number of places and puma fur?was found?clinging to bushes.????在許多地方發(fā)現(xiàn)了爪印，灌木叢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了粘在上面的美洲獅毛

After the alarm had been?given, the great ship?turned?sharply to avoid a direct?collision.?

????·give? ? 發(fā)出(命令，警報)，表現(xiàn)出

????????·give?an alarm/an order/a cry/a long sigh????發(fā)出警報/命令/喊叫/長嘆一聲

? ? ? ? ·The girl?gave?a charming smile.????女孩露出迷人的微笑

????·turned?

????????·turn????????veer????????swerve????v.? ? 車、船、飛機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向，拐彎

????????????·Moments before crashing, the jet was seen?veering?sharply to the right.????墜機(jī)前，飛機(jī)突然向右傾斜

????????????·The lorry?swerved?sharply to avoid the child.????卡車急轉(zhuǎn)彎以避開那個孩子

? ? ? ? ? ? ·As we bumped over the dusty track, we?swerved?to avoid large boulders.????當(dāng)我們在塵土飛揚(yáng)的道路上顛簸時，我們轉(zhuǎn)向以避開大石頭

????????·change course????飛機(jī)，輪船改變航線，航向

????????????·The plane?changed course?to avoid the storm.????飛機(jī)改變航線以避開風(fēng)暴

????????·collision n.????碰撞，相撞????????collide v.????碰撞，相撞

????????????·During the rush hour one evening two cars?collided?and both drivers began to argue.????一天晚上，在交通高峰期，兩輛車相撞了，兩個司機(jī)開始爭吵起來?

The Titanic turned?just?in time,?narrowly missing?the immense wall of ice?which?rose?over 100 feet out of the water beside her.

????·in time????及時

????????·on time????準(zhǔn)時

????·just in time (剛剛好及時)?可替換為 with on time to?spare?(沒有一絲一毫多余的時間)

????????·Spare?the rod and spoil the child.????不打不成器

? ? ? ? ·We boarded the train?with no time to spare.????我們上了火車，時間剛剛好

????????·They got to the airport?with seconds to spare.????他們到達(dá)機(jī)場時還剩幾秒鐘

????·造句：這輛車即使轉(zhuǎn)向，勉強(qiáng)躲過了這個孩子。

????????·The car truned?just in time,narrowly missing?the child.

? ? ·造句：我閃避(dodge)得及時，勉強(qiáng)躲過了這塊墜落得石頭。

????????·I dodged?just in time,narrowly missing?the falling rock.

????·rose v.????（建筑物或自然景觀）聳立，矗立

????????·The immense building?rose?before our eyes.????那座巨大的建筑物矗立在我們眼前

????????·Above the surface of the water, the towers?rise to a height of?nearly 700 feet.????在水面上，這些塔高達(dá)近700英尺

Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound?from below, and the captain?went down?to see what had happened.

????·Suddenly/all of a sudden/all at once????突然

????·Seeing a cake flying through the air, a lorry-driver who was drawing up alongside the car, pulled up?all of a sudden.????看到一塊蛋糕從空中飛過，一個和汽車并排行駛的卡車司機(jī)突然停了下來

????·All at once, I noticed that my wife seemed to be filled with alarm.????突然，我注意到我的妻子似乎充滿了驚恐

????·?from?prep. ? ?below adv.

????????·副詞和介詞短語都可以作介詞的賓語

????????·There is a fine view?from here.????從這里看風(fēng)景很好

????????·I heard them calling me?from below.????我聽到他們在下面叫我

????????·They have just returned?from abroad.????他們剛從國外回來

????????·I took my watch?from under the pillow.????我從枕頭底下拿出手表

????????·He picked up the gun?from behind the counter.????他從柜臺后面拿起槍

????????·I live?near here.????我住在這附近

????????·We didn't meet?until?after the show.????我們直到演出結(jié)束才見面

????????·The weather has been fine?except in the north.????除了北方，天氣一直很好

????·went down????主語是船長，所以是往下走。前文中是拿船當(dāng)主語，所以是下沉的意思

????????·The vicar?went up?into the clock tower to see what was going on.????牧師走上鐘樓去看看發(fā)生了什么事

The noise had been?so?faint?that?no one thought that the ship had been damaged.

????·so ... that ...????如此 ... 以至于 ...

????????·可用 too?... to?... 來代替它

????????????·The noise had been?too?faint for anyone?to?think that the ship had been damaged.

Below, the captain realized?to his horror?that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!

????·to his horror 是狀語，that 引導(dǎo)賓語，顛倒它倆的位置因為賓語長，狀語短，英語是先寫短的

The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people?plunged?into the icy water.

????·plunged v. to move, fall, or be thrown suddenly forwatds or downwars?

????????·Her car swerved and?plunged?off the cliff.????她的車突然轉(zhuǎn)向，掉下了懸崖

????????·They?plunged?into the lake, and after loading their gear on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the current carry them to the other side.????他們跳入湖中，把裝備裝上一只充氣橡皮艇，讓水流把他們帶到對岸

????????·The captive elephant, still roped to a tree,?plunges?and screams every time a man approaches, and for several days will probably refuse all food through anger and fear.????這頭仍拴在樹上的圈養(yǎng)大象，每當(dāng)有人靠近時，就會猛撲過去，發(fā)出尖叫，而且可能會因為憤怒和恐懼而拒絕所有食物，持續(xù)好幾天

As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.

????·用 too ... to ... 表達(dá)

????????·As ther were too few lifeboats for everybody to take, 1,500 lives were lost.