導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：蒙大拿州一名法官裁定，該州禁止在審查煤炭開(kāi)采、天然氣開(kāi)采等化石燃料項(xiàng)目時(shí)考慮氣候變化影響的政策侵犯了年輕人的權(quán)利。這一勝利可能在美國(guó)范圍內(nèi)影響類似案件。這究竟是怎么回事？快跟著小編一起來(lái)看看吧！

Montana Judge Hands Historic Win to Young Plaintiffs in Climate Change Case

蒙大拿州法官在氣候變化案判決中支持年輕原告，助其取得歷史性勝利

Lead plaintiff Rikki Held, 22, testified that droughts have left "skinny cows and dead cattle" on her family's ranch in eastern Montana and wildfires have made ash fall from the sky.

22歲的首席原告Rikki Held作證說(shuō)，她家在蒙大拿州東部有一個(gè)牧場(chǎng)，但是由于干旱，“那些牛都瘦骨嶙峋，還有些牛去世了”，而且野火也導(dǎo)致漫天的灰燼從天而降。

The state argued that climate policy should not be set by courts and the plaintiffs hadn't proved that the global crisis could be attributed to Montana's relatively small emissions.

蒙大拿州辯稱，法院無(wú)權(quán)制定氣候政策，而且蒙大拿州的溫室氣體排放量較小，原告也沒(méi)有證明全球危機(jī)是因此而造成的。

A spokesperson for the Montana attorney general's office on Monday called the ruling "absurd," and Seeley an "ideological judge who bent over backward to allow the case to move forward." The state plans on appealing, the spokesperson said.

周一，蒙大拿州總檢察長(zhǎng)辦公室的一名發(fā)言人稱這一裁決“荒謬”，認(rèn)為Seeley是一名“受意識(shí)形態(tài)影響的法官，她竭盡全力把案件推進(jìn)下去”，并稱蒙大拿州將會(huì)繼續(xù)上訴。

Julia Olson, an attorney for Our Children's Trust, which represented the young people, called the decision a "huge win for Montana" and said similar decisions were likely to follow in different states.

兒童信托基金會(huì)（Our Children's Trust）的創(chuàng)始人兼首席法律顧問(wèn)Julia Olson代表這些年輕人提起了訴訟，她稱這一裁決為“蒙大拿州的巨大勝利”，并表示其他州可能也會(huì)做出類似的裁決。

Michael Gerrard, director of the Sabin Center for Climate Change Law at Columbia Law School, said Seeley's findings, including that climate change is a serious health and environmental threat, could "become an inspiration" for lawsuits in states with similar constitutional provisions and make it more difficult for defendants to wave away climate concerns.

哥倫比亞大學(xué)法學(xué)院薩賓氣候變化法律中心（Sabin Center for Climate Change Law at Columbia Law School）的主任Michael Gerrard表示，Seeley在裁決中提到，氣候變化是對(duì)健康和環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重威脅。此次裁決結(jié)果可能為其他有類似憲法規(guī)定的州的訴訟案件提供啟發(fā)，被告也因而更難以回避氣候問(wèn)題。

It is "the strongest decision on climate change ever issued by any court," he said.

他表示，這是“有史以來(lái)所有法院就氣候變化問(wèn)題做出的裁決中，最為強(qiáng)有力的一次裁決”。

The case was one of several youth-led climate cases in the U.S. A case by young people in Hawaii against the state's Department of Transportation is scheduled to go to trial next year, making it the second in the country to do so. A case against the U.S. government was revived in June after being dismissed by the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in 2020.

該案件是美國(guó)幾起由年輕人主導(dǎo)的氣候案件之一。夏威夷年輕人起訴該州交通部的案件定于明年開(kāi)庭審理，這是美國(guó)第二起類似的案件。一起起訴美國(guó)政府的案件在2020年被美國(guó)第九巡回上訴法院駁回后，于今年6月重新開(kāi)庭。

結(jié)語(yǔ)：這次蒙大拿州法官的裁決標(biāo)志著美國(guó)首個(gè)由年輕人主導(dǎo)的氣候相關(guān)案件取得了重大進(jìn)展，該案的判決成為了有史以來(lái)關(guān)注氣候變化問(wèn)題最有力的裁決之一。裁決認(rèn)定蒙大拿州的溫室氣體排放在造成氣候影響方面扮演了重要角色，這對(duì)年輕原告?zhèn)儊?lái)說(shuō)是一次勝利，同時(shí)也為其他州提起類似訴訟提供了借鑒。雖然蒙大拿州計(jì)劃上訴，但裁決已經(jīng)在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生了影響，為更加嚴(yán)格的氣候保護(hù)立法奠定了基礎(chǔ)。這次裁決將有可能在未來(lái)影響更多類似的案件，推動(dòng)各地采取更積極的氣候保護(hù)措施。

參考來(lái)源：https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/montana-judge-hands-historic-win-young-plaintiffs-climate-change-case-2023-08-14/

轉(zhuǎn)載來(lái)源：法譯世界

轉(zhuǎn)載編輯：李倩楠