V3

1. advertise [??dv?ta?z]

v.

1)（為......）做廣告；登廣告

~ sth (as sth)

If you want to attract more customers, try advertising in the local paper.

如果你要吸引更多顧客，就試試在當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙登廣告。

The cruise was advertised as the ‘journey of a lifetime’.

這次航行被宣傳為“終生難得的旅行”。

2)（在報(bào)紙、公共場(chǎng)所公告牌、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等上）公布，征聘

~ (for sb/sth)

We are currently advertising for a new sales manager.

目前我們公開(kāi)征聘一位新的銷售經(jīng)理。

We advertised the concert quite widely.

我們?yōu)檫@次音樂(lè)會(huì)做了相當(dāng)廣泛的宣傳。

3)展現(xiàn)，宣傳（自己的事）

I wouldn't advertise the fact that you don't have a work permit.

我不會(huì)向外聲張你沒(méi)有工作許可證這件事。

2. advertisement [?d?v??t?sm?nt]? [??dv?r?ta?zm?nt]

n.

1)廣告；啟事

~ (for sth)

Put an advertisement in the local paper to sell your car.

在當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙登一則廣告來(lái)出售你的汽車。?

2)廣告（樣）品

~ for sth

Dirty streets and homelessness are no advertisement for a prosperous society.

骯臟的街道和無(wú)家可歸現(xiàn)象絕不是繁榮社會(huì)的景象。

3)廣告活動(dòng)；廣告宣傳

3. advice [?d?va?s]

n.勸告；忠告；建議；意見(jiàn)

~ (on sth)

advice on road safety

有關(guān)道路安全的建議

Follow your doctor's advice .

要遵從醫(yī)囑。

Let me give you a piece of advice .

讓我給你一個(gè)忠告。

4. advise [?d?va?z]

v.

1)勸告；忠告；建議

~ (sb) (against sth/against doing sth)

I would strongly advise against going out on your own.

我要極力奉勸你別單獨(dú)外出。?

I'd advise you not to tell him.

我勸你別告訴他。

I'd advise buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.

要是想在八月份去旅行，我建議及早購(gòu)票。

2)出主意；提出建議；提供咨詢

~ (sb) on sth | ~ (sb) about sth/about doing sth

We employ an expert to advise on new technology.

我們聘用了一位專家擔(dān)任新技術(shù)顧問(wèn)。

3)通知；正式告知

syn: inform

~ sb (of sth)

Please advise us of any change of address.

如地址有變，敬請(qǐng)告知。

5. advocate [??dv?ke?t , ??dv?k?t]

v.擁護(hù)；支持；提倡

The group does not advocate the use of violence.

該團(tuán)體不支持使用暴力。

Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.

很多專家主張對(duì)小孩的良好表現(xiàn)加以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

n.

1)擁護(hù)者；支持者；提倡者

~ (of/for sth/sb)

an advocate for hospital workers

醫(yī)院工作人員的支持者

a staunch advocate of free speech

言論自由的堅(jiān)定擁護(hù)者

2)辯護(hù)律師；出庭辯護(hù)人

6. aeroplane [?e?r?ple?n] [?er?ple?n] n.飛機(jī)

7. affair [??fe?(r)]? [??fer]

n.

1)[pl.] 公共事務(wù)；政治事務(wù)

world/international/business affairs?

世界 / 國(guó)際 / 商業(yè)事務(wù)?

2)[C, usually sing.] 事件；事情

She wanted the celebration to be a simple family affair .

她希望慶?；顒?dòng)僅限于家人參加。

3)[pl.] 私人業(yè)務(wù)

I looked after my father's financial affairs.

我照管父親的財(cái)務(wù)。

4)[sing.] 個(gè)人的事

syn: business

How I spend my money is my affair.

我如何用錢(qián)是我自己的事。

8. affect [??fekt]

v.

1)影響

Your opinion will not affect my decision.

你的意見(jiàn)不會(huì)影響我的決定。?

2)(of a disease 疾病) 侵襲；使感染

The condition affects one in five women.

每五個(gè)婦女就有一個(gè)人患有這種病。

3)（感情上）深深打動(dòng)；使悲傷（或憐憫等）

They were deeply affected by the news of her death.

她死亡的消息使他們唏噓不已。

4)假裝

She affected a calmness she did not feel.

她強(qiáng)裝鎮(zhèn)靜。

n.【心】情感；【數(shù)】偏差

9. affection [??fek?n]

n.

1)喜愛(ài)；鐘愛(ài)

[U, sing.] ~ (for sb/sth)

I have a great affection for New York.

我很喜歡紐約。

2)[pl.] (formal) 愛(ài)情

Anne had two men trying to win her affections.

安妮有兩個(gè)男人追求。

10. afford [??f??d]

v.

1)（通常與can、could或be able to連用，尤用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句) 買(mǎi)得起；（有時(shí)間）做，能做

Can we afford a new car?

我們買(mǎi)得起一輛新車嗎？

He couldn't afford the money to go on the trip.

他不夠錢(qián)去進(jìn)行這次旅行。

She felt she couldn't afford any more time off work.

她覺(jué)得再也抽不出時(shí)間歇班了。

2) (通常與can或could連用，尤用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句) 承擔(dān)得起（后果）

They could ill afford to lose any more staff.

他們?cè)僖膊荒軗p失員工了。

We cannot afford any more delays.

我們不能再有任何耽擱了。

3)提供；給予

The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.

這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃給年輕人提供了獲得工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的機(jī)會(huì)。

11. afraid [??fre?d]

adj.

1)害怕，畏懼（可能受傷害、受苦）

~ (of sb/sth) | ~ (of doing sth) | ~ (to do sth)

Are you afraid of spiders?

你怕蜘蛛嗎？

I started to feel afraid of going out alone at night.

我開(kāi)始害怕夜間單獨(dú)外出了。

She was afraid to open the door.

她不敢開(kāi)門(mén)。

2)擔(dān)心（會(huì)發(fā)生某事）

~ of doing sth | ~ to do sth | ~ (that…)

She was afraid of upsetting her parents.

她擔(dān)心會(huì)使她父母不安。

Don't be afraid to ask if you don't understand.

你要是不懂，盡管問(wèn)好了。

We were afraid (that) we were going to capsize the boat.

我們擔(dān)心會(huì)把船弄翻。

3)擔(dān)心，生怕（將發(fā)生不快、不幸或危險(xiǎn)的事）

~ for sb/sth

I'm not afraid for me, but for the baby.

我擔(dān)心的不是自己，而是嬰兒。

They had already fired three people and he was afraid for his job.

他們已經(jīng)解雇了三人，所以他為他的工作擔(dān)憂。

12. Africa ['?fr?k?]? [??fr?k?] n.非洲

13. African [??fr?k?n]

adj.非洲的

n.非洲人（尤指黑人）

14. after [?ɑ?ft?(r)]? [??ft?r]

prep.

1)（時(shí)間）在......后

We'll leave after lunch.

我們將在午飯后動(dòng)身。

2)（表示反復(fù)不斷或一個(gè)接著一個(gè)）

… after…

day after day of hot weather

日復(fù)一日的炎熱天氣

I've told you time after time not to do that.

我一再告訴過(guò)你不要干那件事。

3)跟隨；追趕；在（某人）后面

Shut the door after you.

隨手關(guān)門(mén)。

He ran after her with the book.

他拿著那本書(shū)在后面追趕她。

4)（按順序、重要性）在......后面，僅次于

Your name comes after mine in the list.

在名單上你的名字在我的后面。

5)與......對(duì)照；與......對(duì)比

It was pleasantly cool in the house after the sticky heat outside.

與戶外的濕熱相比，屋里真是涼爽愜意。

6)鑒于；由于

I'll never forgive him after what he said.

由于他說(shuō)了那些話，我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)原諒他。

7)盡管；雖然

I can't believe she'd do that, not after all I've done for her.

在我為她做了這一切之后，我無(wú)法相信她會(huì)那樣做。

8)尋找；追捕

The police are after him.

警方正在追捕他。

He's after a job at our place.

他到我們這兒找工作。

9)關(guān)于

She asked after you (= how you were) .

她問(wèn)候你。

10)模仿；依照

a painting after Goya

一幅仿戈雅的畫(huà)

11)......后的

an after-school club

課外活動(dòng)俱樂(lè)部

after all 畢竟；終歸

conj.在......以后

adv.后來(lái)；以后

I could come next week, or the week after.

我可能下周來(lái)，或者再下一周。

adj.后來(lái)的；以后的

in after years

在以后的歲月中

15. afternoon [?ɑ?ft??nu?n] [??ft?r?nu?n]

n.下午（中午12點(diǎn)至下午6點(diǎn)左右）

this/yesterday/tomorrow afternoon?

今天 / 昨天 / 明天下午?

In the afternoon they went shopping.

他們下午去購(gòu)物了。

16. afterward(s) [?ɑ?ft?w?dz] [??ft?rw?rdz]

adv.以后；后來(lái)

Afterwards she was sorry for what she'd said.

后來(lái)她后悔說(shuō)了那些話。

Let's go out now and eat afterwards.

咱們現(xiàn)在出去，然后再吃飯。

17. again [??ɡen]

adv.

1)再一次；又一次

When will I see you again?

我何時(shí)能再見(jiàn)到你？

This must never happen again.

這種事再也不能發(fā)生了。

2)返回原處；復(fù)原

He was glad to be home again.

他很高興又回到家了。

You'll soon feel well again.

你很快就會(huì)康復(fù)的。

3)再說(shuō)；其次

And again, we must think of the cost.

再說(shuō)，我們必須考慮成本。

4)請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍

What was the name again?

叫什么名字，再說(shuō)一遍好不好？

(every) now and again/then

有時(shí)；偶爾；時(shí)常

(the) same again

(informal) 同樣的（飲料）再來(lái)一份

18. against [??ɡenst]

prep.

1)反對(duì)；與......相反；逆；違反?

the fight against terrorism

反對(duì)恐怖主義的斗爭(zhēng)

That's against the law.

那是違法的。

She was forced to marry against her will.

她被迫違心地嫁了人。

2)對(duì)......不利

The evidence is against him.

證據(jù)對(duì)他不利。

3)緊靠；倚；碰；撞

Put the piano there, against the wall.

把鋼琴放在那兒，緊靠著墻。

The rain beat against the windows.

雨點(diǎn)擊打著窗戶。

4)以防

They took precautions against fire.

他們采取了防火措施。

5)以......為背景；襯托

His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.

他的紅衣服在白雪中格外顯眼。

6)和......相比

You must weigh the benefits against the cost.

你一定要權(quán)衡利益與成本二者的得失。

19. age [e?d?]

n.

1)年齡

He left school at the age of 18.

他18歲讀完中學(xué)。?

2)年齡段

He died of old age.

他終其天年。

3)（歷史上的）時(shí)代，時(shí)期

the age of the computer

計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代

4)老年；陳年；破舊；老化

The jacket was showing signs of age.

這件夾克已露出破舊的痕跡。

v.

1)變老

As he aged, his memory got worse.

他隨著年事增高，記憶力就變差了。

2)使顯老；使變老；使蒼老

The shock has aged her.

這次打擊讓她顯得蒼老了。

3)（使）成熟，變陳

The cheese is left to age for at least a year.

這種奶酪至少要擱一年才成熟。

20. agency [?e?d??nsi]

n.

1)服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)；（尤指）代理機(jī)構(gòu)，經(jīng)銷機(jī)構(gòu)

an advertising/employment agency?

廣告公司；職業(yè)介紹所

You can book at your local travel agency .

你可以在當(dāng)?shù)氐穆眯猩缬喥薄?

2)（政府的）專門(mén)機(jī)構(gòu)

21. agenda [??d?end?]

n.（會(huì)議的）議程表，議事日程

The next item on the agenda is the publicity budget.

議程表上的下一項(xiàng)是宣傳預(yù)算。

22. agent [?e?d??nt]

n.

1)（企業(yè)、政治等的）代理人，經(jīng)紀(jì)人

an insurance agent

保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人

2)（演員、音樂(lè)家、運(yùn)動(dòng)員、作家等的）代理人，經(jīng)紀(jì)人

a theatrical/literary agent?

劇院經(jīng)紀(jì)人；文稿（出版）代理人

23. aggression [??ɡre?n]

n.

1)好斗情緒；攻擊性

The research shows that computer games may cause aggression.

研究顯示，電腦游戲可能引起好斗情緒。

2)侵犯；挑釁；侵略

unprovoked military aggression

無(wú)端軍事侵犯

24. aggressive [??ɡres?v]

adj.

1)好斗的；挑釁的；侵略的；富于攻擊性的

He gets aggressive when he's drunk.

他喝醉了就喜歡尋釁滋事。

2)氣勢(shì)洶洶的；聲勢(shì)浩大的；志在必得的

A good salesperson has to be aggressive in today's competitive market.

在當(dāng)今競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的市場(chǎng)上，一個(gè)好的銷售員應(yīng)該有進(jìn)取精神。

25. ago [??ɡ??]

adv.（與動(dòng)詞簡(jiǎn)單過(guò)去時(shí)連用）以前

two weeks/months/years ago

兩周 / 兩月 / 兩年以前

The letter came a few days ago.

這封信是幾天前寄來(lái)的。

26. agree [??ɡri?]

v.

1)同意；贊成

~ (with sb) (about/on sth) | ~ (with sth)

He agreed with them about the need for change.

他同意他們需要變革的意見(jiàn)。

2)（對(duì)......）取得一致意見(jiàn)，一致同意

be agreed (on/about sth) | be agreed (that…)

Are we all agreed on this?

我們?cè)谶@個(gè)問(wèn)題上是不是全體意見(jiàn)一致？

It was agreed (that) we should hold another meeting.

大家一致同意我們應(yīng)該再開(kāi)一次會(huì)。

3)應(yīng)允；答應(yīng)；同意

~ (to sth)

Do you think he'll agree to their proposal?

你認(rèn)為他會(huì)同意他們的建議嗎？

4)商定；約定

Can we agree a price?

我們可不可以商定一個(gè)價(jià)格？

5)批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可（計(jì)劃、要求等）

syn: approve

Next year's budget has been agreed.

明年的預(yù)算已獲批準(zhǔn)。

6)（與......）相符，一致

~ (with sth)

The figures do not agree.

這些數(shù)字不相符。

Your account of the accident does not agree with hers.

你對(duì)事故的敘述與她的敘述不一致。

27. agreement [??ɡri?m?nt]

n.

1)協(xié)定；協(xié)議；契約

~ (with sb) | ~ (between A and B)

An agreement was finally reached between management and employees.

勞資雙方終于達(dá)成了協(xié)議。?

2)（意見(jiàn)或看法）一致

The two sides failed to reach agreement .

雙方未能取得一致意見(jiàn)。

3)應(yīng)允；同意

You'll have to get your parents' agreement if you want to go on the trip.

你要想去旅行就必須征得父母的同意。

28. agricultural [??ɡr??k?lt??r?l] adj.農(nóng)業(yè)的；農(nóng)用的；(地區(qū)或社會(huì))以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的，農(nóng)業(yè)高度發(fā)達(dá)的

29. agriculture [??ɡr?k?lt??(r)] n.農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)學(xué)；農(nóng)藝

30. ahead [??hed]

adv.

1)（時(shí)間、空間）向前面，在前面

I'll run ahead and warn them.

我要跑在前頭，警告他們。

This will create problems in the months ahead.

在以后的幾個(gè)月中這個(gè)就要出問(wèn)題。

2)提前；預(yù)先；提早

syn: in advance

The party was planned weeks ahead.

聚會(huì)提前幾個(gè)星期就已籌劃好了。

3)占優(yōu)勢(shì)；領(lǐng)先

Our team was ahead by six points.

我們隊(duì)領(lǐng)先六分。

31. aid [e?d]

n.

1)援助；救援物資；援助款項(xiàng)

economic/humanitarian/emergency aid?

經(jīng)濟(jì) / 人道主義 / 緊急援助

2)（完成某工作所需的）幫助，助手，輔助物

This job would be impossible without the aid of a computer.

這項(xiàng)工作不用計(jì)算機(jī)是不行的。

in aid of sth/sb 為了幫助某事物 / 人

v.幫助；援助

~ (sb/sth) (in sth/in doing sth) | ~ sb (with sth)

They were accused of aiding him in his escape.

他們被控幫助他逃跑。

32. AIDS [e?dz] n.艾滋?。ㄈ珜?xiě)為Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome，獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征）

33. aim [e?m]

n.

1)目的；目標(biāo)

Our main aim is to increase sales in Europe.

我們的主要目標(biāo)是增加在歐洲的銷售量。?

2)瞄準(zhǔn)

Her aim was good and she hit the lion with her first shot.

她瞄得準(zhǔn)，第一槍就打中了獅子。

v.

1)力求達(dá)到；力爭(zhēng)做到

~ (at doing sth) | ~ (at/for sth)

They're aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.

他們力求做到在年底前人人得到培訓(xùn)。

We should aim for a bigger share of the market.

我們應(yīng)該努力爭(zhēng)取更大的市場(chǎng)份額。

2)目的是；旨在

be aimed at

These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.

這些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。

3)瞄準(zhǔn)；對(duì)準(zhǔn)

~ (sth) (at sb/sth) | ~ (for sb/sth)

I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.

我對(duì)準(zhǔn)樹(shù)射擊，不料誤中了汽車。

34. air [e?(r)]

n.

1)空氣

Let's go out for some fresh air .

咱們出去呼吸點(diǎn)新鮮空氣。?

2)空中；天空

I kicked the ball high in/into the air .

我把球高高地踢到空中。

3)（飛行的）空中，天空

It only takes three hours by air (= in a plane) .

乘飛機(jī)只要三個(gè)小時(shí)。

4) 感覺(jué)；印象；神態(tài)

The room had an air of luxury.

房間具有豪華的氣派。

in the air

在傳播中；流行；可感覺(jué)到的

on/off (the) air

正在 / 停止播送（電視、廣播）

v.播出；播送

The show will be aired next Tuesday night.

這個(gè)節(jié)目將在下周二夜間播出。

35. aircraft [?e?krɑ?ft]? [?erkr?ft] n.飛機(jī)；航空器

36. airline [?e?la?n] n.航空公司

37. airmail [?e?me?l] n.航空郵遞；航空郵件

38. airplane [?e?ple?n] n.飛機(jī)

39. airport [?e?p??t] n.航空站；航空港；機(jī)場(chǎng)

40. airspace [?e?spe?s] n.領(lǐng)空；（某國(guó)的）空域