牧游社 牧有漢化翻譯

HOI4 Dev Diary - Soviet Union Historical and Common Branches (Part-1)

ManoDeZombi, Content designer

Здравствуйте товарищи! - Greetings comrades! And welcome to a new Hearts of Iron 4 Dev Diary! I hope that you are all having a great summer, and that you are prepared for a little reading, because today we'll be talking about the last country left to show for the upcoming expansion, a country that, in the direst of times, did take No Step Back.

同志們吼！歡迎來到新一期的鋼鐵雄心4開發(fā)日志！我希望你們都度過了一個愉快的暑假，并且準(zhǔn)備好閱讀“一小部分”內(nèi)容，因為我們今天準(zhǔn)備講述的是即將到來的擴展包中最后一個尚未提及的國家。一個在至暗時刻，一步都不曾后退的國家。

As you all know, the Soviet Union is huge, and we've had to form our own Content Design Soviet to properly implement all the cool stuff we wanted to represent. So today I'll be talking about my main responsibility, which has been the historical and the common branches for what is one of the most interesting countries in HOI.

眾所周知，蘇維埃聯(lián)盟幅員遼闊，因此我們必須組建我們自己的蘇聯(lián)內(nèi)容設(shè)計團隊，用以確保正確實裝我們想展現(xiàn)的酷斃東西。所以今天，我會談一談我的主要負(fù)責(zé)部分：一個在鋼鐵雄心4中最受歡迎國家的史實與通用路線分支。

I'd just like to mention a couple of things before we start:

在開始之前，我想提幾點：

First of all, yes, everything we'll be talking about today will be coming for free with the Barbarossa update, although some content might vary if you don't own some of the previous DLCs.

首先，所有我們將要提及的內(nèi)容將會隨著巴巴羅薩 Barbarossa的更新免費放出，不過如果你沒有某些前置DLC，一部分內(nèi)容可能不盡相同。

Secondly, our beloved Motherland is still WIP so you might see content, values or even art that's not final and is subject to change before release. You will also see a fair amount of debug decisions that we use in order to test the new systems.

其次，我們心愛的祖國仍在制作中。所以你看到的內(nèi)容、數(shù)值甚至是美工設(shè)計都不是最終成品，并且在最終版發(fā)布之前可能會有變動。你也會看到我們用于測試新系統(tǒng)的大量調(diào)試決策。

And with that said, I suggest you make yourselves comfortable and ready for a long read, and let's get started!

話雖如此，我仍然建議你自便安坐并且準(zhǔn)備好閱讀大量內(nèi)容。讓我們開始吧！

This country entered World War I as the Russian Empire, but got out of it as Soviet Russia, having lost substantial territory in Eastern Europe as a result of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in 1918, where the Bolsheviks in Petrograd ceded control of Poland, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, Finland and other areas to the Central Powers.

這個國家作為俄羅斯帝國加入了第一次世界大戰(zhàn)，但是作為蘇維埃俄國逃離了一戰(zhàn)的苦海。1918年的《布列斯特-利托夫斯克條約》使其在東歐失去了大量領(lǐng)土，位于彼得格勒的布爾什維克將波蘭、立陶宛、愛沙尼亞、拉脫維亞和芬蘭等地的控制權(quán)割讓給同盟國。

Since the Allies did not recognize the Bolshevik government, no Soviet Russian representation attended the Peace Conference of 1919 at Versailles, where the former Russian territories previously ceded to Germany became independent states.

由于協(xié)約國不承認(rèn)布爾什維克政府，蘇維埃俄國沒有代表參加1919年在凡爾賽舉行的和會。因此，先前俄羅斯割讓給德國的領(lǐng)土成為了獨立的國家。

In December 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was formed. The term soviet means "council", and they emerged in the 1905 revolution as groups or assemblies of Russian workers, soldiers and peasants, in opposition to the Tsar. These soviets disappeared after the (failed) revolution of 1905, but re-emerged under socialist leadership during the revolutions of 1917, which overthrew the Tsar.

1922年12月，蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯(lián)盟成立。“蘇維?！币辉~意為“委員會”。他們作為俄羅斯工人、士兵和農(nóng)民的團體或集會出現(xiàn)在1905年反對沙皇的革命中。這些蘇維埃在1905年革命失敗后便消失了，但是在1917年推翻沙皇的革命中在社會主義的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下再度出現(xiàn)。

Through the Soviets, the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, constituted the political structure of the new regime.

通過蘇維埃，以弗拉基米爾?列寧為首的布爾什維克黨人構(gòu)筑起了新政權(quán)的政治架構(gòu)。

Following Lenin's death in 1924, Iosif Stalin came to power and soon began to suppress all political opposition inside the Party, starting with Trotsky and his followers, but turning against many of those who supported him in his political struggle shortly after (such as Zinovyev or Bukharin), developing a climate of political paranoia and carrying out the Great Purge, with its massive arrests and extremely harsh repression to citizens, military and even party members.

1924年列寧逝世之后，約瑟夫?斯大林上臺，并很快開始了對黨內(nèi)反對派（以托洛茨基和他的追隨者為首）的鎮(zhèn)壓，隨即又將槍口轉(zhuǎn)向了曾經(jīng)在政治斗爭中支持他的人（例如季諾維耶夫和布哈林），形成了政治偏執(zhí)的氣氛并進行大清洗，帶來了大規(guī)模逮捕和對公民、軍人甚至黨員的嚴(yán)酷至極的鎮(zhèn)壓。

But that's enough history for now, let's take a look at how the Soviet Union looks when you start the game in 1936.

講歷史講到這里就夠了，讓我們看看1936年游戲開局時蘇聯(lián)的樣子。

As you can see, a few things have changed:

如你所見，一部分內(nèi)容被修改了：

Initial War Support has been significantly reduced, aiming at making it a bit harder to get to War Economy super early on, something that the Soviet Union was not really ready to do in 1936.
初始的戰(zhàn)爭支持度已經(jīng)顯著減少，意在使得在早期進入戰(zhàn)時經(jīng)濟更加困難，這是蘇聯(lián)在1936年沒有真正準(zhǔn)備好去做的事情。

Stalin has finally got a trait (and as you’ll see, this is not the only trait he’ll be getting).
斯大林終于有了一個特質(zhì)（并且如你所見，這也不會是他唯一的一個特質(zhì)）。

There are far more starting National Spirits than before, we will take a look at them later, but the first two of them you might recognize: Home of the revolution and Trotskyite Plot?
游戲起始時的民族精神比以前多得多，我們會過一會著重講述。不過你可能認(rèn)出了其中兩個：“革命的始源地”和“托洛茨基的陰謀？”。

We also have a starting advisor, Genrikh Yagoda. He is one of three possible Heads of the NKVD, each one with different characteristics, that you will not be able to manually remove/replace until you get rid of the purges (during which, Yagoda might get purged and be replaced by Yezhov, who can in turn get purged and be replaced by Beriya, as happened historically).

我們也有了一位初始顧問：亨利希?亞戈達(dá)Genrikh Yagoda。他是內(nèi)務(wù)人民委員會NKVD三個可選的首領(lǐng)之一，每一位首領(lǐng)都有不同的特質(zhì)，并且你不能手動移除或更換他們，直到大清洗結(jié)束（在此期間，亞戈達(dá)可能被清洗并且被葉若夫替換。并且葉若夫也可能被清洗然后被貝利亞替換，如同歷史那樣）。

The advisor roster has been greatly expanded, these are the advisors available to Stalin in the early stages (unless he goes too wild with the purges).

顧問名單也已經(jīng)大大擴展，這些是斯大林早期可以使用的顧問（除非他對大清洗太過瘋狂）。

There is an even longer list of advisors available for the alt-history communists, most of them will be targeted during the purges, but those are for the next dev diary!

我們還有一個更長的顧問名單用于其他共產(chǎn)主義派別。這些顧問中的大多數(shù)將會成為大清洗的目標(biāo)，不過這些都是我們下一個日志的內(nèi)容啦。

There have also been some changes to the Generals roster: You will now start the game with the five first Marshals of the Soviet Union. Kulik has been demoted to General (since he was made marshal only in 1940, after having lost 3 of the previous marshals in the purges), and there is a new cavalry-specialized general, Vitaly Primakov, available at game start, although a potential target in the purges (generic portraits mean WIP portraits!).

我們也對將軍名單進行了一些調(diào)整：現(xiàn)在在游戲開始就有蘇聯(lián)開國五位元帥。庫利克被移至將軍行列中（因為他在1940年三位元帥被大清洗后才被授予元帥）；同時在游戲一開始新加入了一個新的騎兵將軍——維塔利·普里馬科夫，雖然他也是潛在的清洗對象（通用肖像意味著還在制作中）。

Last but not least, we have sent several Soviet generals on leave to a rejuvenation center, as some had portraits from long after the war. But as you can see, they have not yet returned from their trip (traveling up to 30 years back in time might take some... time, after all).

最后，我們讓一些蘇聯(lián)將領(lǐng)返老還童啦，因為他們之前的肖像都來源于戰(zhàn)后很久的時候。但是如你所見，他們還沒從還童路上歸來（總而言之，要年輕30年還是需要一些……時間的嘛）。

Okay, we are now finally ready to take a proper look at the new Soviet focus tree (well, except for the Alt-history branches, those are for the next week).

好，現(xiàn)在我們終于可以好好地看看蘇聯(lián)國策樹（不過架空歷史路線分支的要等到下周啦）。

Kinda wide and populated, yes? Well, our main goal with this rework was to offer a more flavorful and historically-accurate experience, while presenting the player with an ample variety of options (both historical and not-so-historical-but-still-plausible) to go for in every different area, just as the largest country in the world deserves!

有一些太寬、太多了，不是么？我們這次重做的主要目標(biāo)就在于提供更有趣、更忠于歷史的體驗，給玩家展示每一個不同方面中豐富且多樣的選擇（史實的，和不怎么符合史實但有趣的），這是這個世界上最大的國家所應(yīng)得的。

In terms of gameplay, there are lots of short focuses in this tree, however you will never be able to complete all the focuses in all branches (unless you play until very, very late in-game). You will have to choose your strategy and pick the focuses and branches that will be key for your success in the campaign.

就游戲性而言，這個國策樹中有大量短國策，然而你不可能完成所有分支中的所有國策（除非你在游戲里玩到很晚很晚）。你需要制定自己的策略并選擇那些可以讓你贏得勝利的路線分支與國策。

Let's start talking about the industrial branch.

讓我們來談?wù)劰I(yè)線。

During the first years of Soviet rule, the economic and industrial development basically consisted of recovering the formerly rural-agricultural Russian economy from the devastation of the Civil War. From 1921 to 1928, the USSR pursued the New Economic Policy (replacing the policy of War Communism, which had led to the decline of the national economy). During the time of the NEP parts of the means of production (light industry, food industry, etc.) was largely in private hands, while the state controlled the heavy industry, transport, banks and international trade.

在蘇聯(lián)統(tǒng)治的最初一段時間里，蘇聯(lián)的經(jīng)濟與工業(yè)發(fā)展基本上就是在恢復(fù)因內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時期遭到破壞的前沙俄時代鄉(xiāng)村農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟。從1921年到1928年，蘇聯(lián)施行了新經(jīng)濟政策（取代了導(dǎo)致國家經(jīng)濟衰退的戰(zhàn)時共產(chǎn)主義）。在新經(jīng)濟政策時期，部分商品的生產(chǎn)（輕工業(yè)、食品工業(yè)等）大量掌握在私人手中，國家控制重工業(yè)、交通、銀行以及國際貿(mào)易。

However, during the Stalinist era, the primary goal was the establishment of an industrial base in the country, and during the late 1920s measures were taken again against the kulaks, initiating the collapse of the NEP. In 1928 the implementation of the First Five Year Plan began, followed by a forced industrialization and collectivization.

不過，在斯大林時期，首要目標(biāo)就在于在國家內(nèi)建立工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。并且在1920年代末，又開始實施反對富農(nóng)的政策，開啟了新經(jīng)濟政策的崩潰。1928年，第一個五年計劃開始實施，主要集中在工業(yè)化和集體化。

As you might guess, the main feature of the Soviet industrial branch is the Five Year Plans:

如你所猜的那樣，蘇聯(lián)工業(yè)線最主要的特色就在于五年計劃：

You start with a National Spirit representing the Second Five Year Plan (1933-1937), this plan was characterized by a harsh collectivization and a major advance in industrialization and infrastructure. However, the hectic pace of this industrialization and the lack of qualified personnel often resulted in high accident rates (meaning frequent losses in lives and expensive material) and, overall, low efficiency.

玩家開始時自帶一個民族精神，代表第二個五年計劃（1933-1937）。這一計劃以嚴(yán)酷的集體化以及工業(yè)化和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的重大發(fā)展為特征。然而，這一急促的工業(yè)化速度與低素質(zhì)的人員經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致高事故率（指時常發(fā)生的死亡事故以及貴重原材料的損失），以及，總的來說，低效率。

As you complete focuses on the Five Year Plan branch, your National Spirit will evolve, representing the Third Five Year Plan (1938-"1942", the plan was of course ruined in 1941 after Barbarossa). This plan initially emphasized the need of increasing quality in production and resource extraction. However, with tensions in Europe growing at an alarming rate, the plan soon started to gradually focus on defense and military production.

如果玩家完成了五年計劃分支中的國策，你的民族精神就會升級，代表著第三個五年計劃（1938-1942，當(dāng)然，這一計劃在1941年巴巴羅薩行動開始后就中止了）。這一計劃最初強調(diào)了對于增長產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的需求以及資源開采。然而，由于歐洲的緊張局勢已經(jīng)發(fā)展到了令人擔(dān)憂的程度，這一計劃不久就逐漸側(cè)重于國防與軍用物品的制造。

This is represented in game by the possibility of specializing your Third Five Year Plan, you can focus on increasing the efficiency of your factories in the long term, or you can shift the focus to start boosting armament production as soon as possible. As you might have noticed, the focuses in the centre are all resource-related.

在游戲中，玩家有機會特化自己的第三個五年計劃，來表現(xiàn)這一過程。你可以注重于長期增加你的工廠效率，也可以將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到盡快開始生產(chǎn)大量武器上。正如你可能注意到的那樣，在中間的國策是都和資源相關(guān)的。

As I've mentioned, the Third Five Year Plan was ruined after Barbarossa, so how is that represented in HOI?

如我所述，第三個五年計劃毀于巴巴羅薩行動之后，所以要怎么樣在鋼鐵雄心里面體現(xiàn)它呢？

Well, all the focuses related to the Third Five Year Plan (the ones inside the red boxes below) will get locked forever once the Soviet Union gets dragged into a war against a major country, meaning that once the Great Patriotic War starts, the Third Five Year Plan goes to hell, forever. You will keep your current national spirit with all its bonuses, but you won't be able to progress any further in this part of the branch.

嗯，一旦蘇聯(lián)卷入了對抗一個主要國家的戰(zhàn)爭，有關(guān)于第三個五年計劃的國策（下圖紅框以內(nèi)的國策）將會永久鎖定，這意味著一旦偉大的衛(wèi)國戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，第三個五年計劃就永遠(yuǎn)完蛋了。你將可以保存你現(xiàn)有的民族精神與它所有的加成，但是你不能在這部分國策樹的分支中繼續(xù)下去了。

But fear not, that's not the end of the Five Year Plans. If you manage to survive and defeat your enemies, and right after the peace conference against the enemy that ruined your five year plan, Restoration and Development will be automatically completed for you, not only granting temporary bonuses for repairing and rebuilding your (potentially) devastated industry and infrastructure, with a cost in consumer goods, but also unlocking access to the Fourth Five Year Plan and the final focuses in the industrial branch. The Fourth Five Year Plan (1946-1950) was focused around the reconstruction and economic development of the country.

但是別害怕，這不是五年計劃的結(jié)尾。如果你挺住并擊敗了你的敵人，并與毀了你五年計劃的對手簽訂和約之后，“重建與發(fā)展”的國策會自動完成。這個國策會以生活消費品為代價，提供修復(fù)重建你（潛在的）被毀的工廠與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的臨時加成，同時還會解鎖第四個五年計劃與工業(yè)分支的最終國策。第四個五年計劃（1946-1950）聚焦于國家的重建與經(jīng)濟建設(shè)。

The focuses below the Fourth Five Year Plan are late-game focuses aiming to provide interesting things to do and goals to achieve if you decide to continue playing after the main war (or if you manage to have an independent war against another major while world war 2 is raging elsewhere).

第四個五年計劃下方的國策是游戲晚期的國策，為你提供有趣的事情去做，也可以作為想要完成的目標(biāo)，如果你要在大戰(zhàn)之后（或者如果你在二戰(zhàn)于他處爆發(fā)時與別的主要國家開戰(zhàn)）繼續(xù)游玩的話。

The COMECON was an economic organization, founded in 1949 by countries from the Eastern Bloc, and led by the Soviet Union. Once you complete the focus Found the COMECON (presumably earlier than 1949), a small decision system will be unlocked, aimed at aiding your allies (usually at your expense) in order to boost their military and industry so that they keep the pace in the potential wars to come.

經(jīng)互會是一個由蘇聯(lián)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、在1949年從東方陣營國家中創(chuàng)立的經(jīng)濟組織。一旦你完成了國策“組建經(jīng)互會”（估計早于1949），就可以解鎖一個小決議系統(tǒng)，可以用來援助你的盟友（多數(shù)時候是你出資），強化他們的軍事與工業(yè)，以此讓他們可以在即將到來的戰(zhàn)爭面前不落后于時代。

To the right of the Five Year Plan focuses, we have a choice to make: train National Specialists or rely on Foreign Experts. The first will significantly improve the national designers, which are now slightly weaker at game start. The latter will unlock the Gosproyektstroy.

在五年計劃國策分支的右邊，我們還可以有別的選擇：訓(xùn)練本國專家或者依靠外國專家。前者會大大增強本國設(shè)計商，而他們現(xiàn)在在游戲開局時略微弱一些了。后者會解鎖國家建筑設(shè)計局Gosproyektstroy。

The Gosproyektstroy was a State Design and Construction Bureau set up in 1930 following an agreement with the "Architect of Detroit" (Albert Kahn), by which American architects became consultors for all industrial construction in the Soviet Union in the early 30s. This is one of many cases in which the USSR concluded agreements with foreign companies, mainly American (Ford, General Electric...) and German (Krupp, Borsig...) to carry out industrialization during the years of the first five-year plan.

國家建筑設(shè)計局是在1930年與“底特律的設(shè)計師”（阿爾伯特·卡恩）達(dá)成協(xié)議后建立的。卡恩是一位在30年代初在蘇聯(lián)為全部工業(yè)建設(shè)擔(dān)當(dāng)顧問的美國建筑師。這是蘇聯(lián)為了在第一個五年計劃內(nèi)完成工業(yè)化而和主要來自美國（福特、通用電氣等）與德國（克虜伯、博斯希等）外國公司締結(jié)契約的眾多案例之一。

In HOI, you can bring back the project, represented by a construction designer that will provide no research bonus (you're relying on foreigners, after all) but that can, however, be improved by bringing foreign experts, boosting your production in the long term. Each country will grant different bonuses, Germany will give a bonus to efficiency growth, the USA will grant an efficiency cap bonus and Japan will boost your starting efficiency, for example. All of them will also grant a License Production Cost bonus (atm it's shown as that amazing "None: +0.75" in the pic below :D).

在鋼鐵雄心里，你可以還原歷史上的這一工業(yè)計劃。它體現(xiàn)為一個設(shè)計商，無法提供研究加成（畢竟你依賴的是外國人），但是可以通過引進外國專家來逐步改善并長期提升你的生產(chǎn)力。每個外國都能提供不同的加成，比如德國會提供生產(chǎn)效率增長的加成，美國會提供生產(chǎn)效率上限的加成，日本則會提高你的初始效率。他們都可以提供生產(chǎn)許可花費加成（目前在下圖顯示的是雷人的“沒有：+0.75”）。

The Russian Academy of Sciences, founded in the 1700s, became the highest scientific institution in the Soviet Union after the revolution. National academies appeared throughout the 20th century in the Union republics, and regional branches were created as part of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

成立于18世紀(jì)的俄羅斯科學(xué)院在十月革命后成為了蘇聯(lián)的最高科研機構(gòu)。加盟共和國科學(xué)院在20世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)在各個加盟共和國，作為蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)院的地區(qū)分支機構(gòu)被建立起來。

The first focus (The USSR Academy of Sciences) will grant you a research slot and a small bonus (1%) to research speed.The second focus will allow you to build more academies of sciences in the Soviet republics, both in integrated (not-released) republics and in puppeted republics, for an extra 1% research speed each and, if built on a puppeted republic, then it will also boost your puppet's research, now that's a win-win if I've ever seen one.

第一個國策（蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)院）會給予一個科研槽和1%的科研速度加成。第二個國策會允許你在各個加盟共和國內(nèi)建立起更多科學(xué)院，包括被整合加盟共和國（未放出的加盟共和國）和傀儡加盟共和國。每一個科學(xué)院都會提供額外的1%研究速度加成，而建在傀儡加盟共和國的科學(xué)院也會加快傀儡國的研究速度。如果真的這么干了，不就雙贏了嗎。

Moving on to the Airforce branch.

現(xiàn)在來看看空軍路線分支。

During the 1930s, the Soviet government funded missions to break numerous world aviation records. Aviation achievements and records became demonstrations of the USSR's technological progress and Soviet media continuously exalted record-breaking pilots.

1930年間，蘇聯(lián)政府曾資助數(shù)個旨在打破世界航空紀(jì)錄的任務(wù)。航空領(lǐng)域的成就和記錄成為蘇聯(lián)科技進步的展示，蘇聯(lián)官方媒體也持續(xù)宣傳這些打破紀(jì)錄的飛行員。

However, Soviet aviation was far from being in as good a shape as the Soviet media seemed to indicate. It was, in fact, plagued by mismanagement, inefficiency and technologically-deficient equipment, leading to a staggeringly high accident rate (in early 1941, prior to the war, apparently 2-3 planes on average were lost daily due to accidents, which led to the famous "flying coffin" incident, which sealed Pavel Rychagov's fate during the Great Purge).

但是，蘇聯(lián)航空遠(yuǎn)不如蘇聯(lián)媒體宣傳中的那樣完美無缺。實際上，由于管理不善、行政效率低下和各種裝備在技術(shù)上的落后，蘇聯(lián)航空的事故率高得令人發(fā)指（在戰(zhàn)爭開始前的1941年，每天都有2-3架飛機因為事故失蹤，給蘇聯(lián)的飛機安上了個“飛行棺材”的稱號?！帮w行棺材”事件則在大清洗中給帕維爾·雷恰戈夫帶來了殺身之禍，雷恰戈夫用“飛行棺材”評價蘇聯(lián)飛機而被清洗）。

The Great Purge definitely took its toll on the Soviet Air Force too, newly promoted officers lacked flying and command experience, while older commanders, having witnessed the fate of so many officers during the purges, lacked initiative and efficiency out of fear of being labeled as enemies of the people.

大清洗也影響到了蘇聯(lián)空軍。新提拔的空軍指揮官缺乏飛行和指揮經(jīng)驗，而那些幸存下來的老指揮官們在目睹了很多空軍軍官在大清洗中的命運后也被磨平了主動性、拉低了效率，擔(dān)心自己也被戴上“人民公敵”的帽子。

In HOI, this terrible situation is represented via the National Spirit Soviet Airforce, which has fairly harsh and frightening penalties to anything related to getting your feet off the ground.

在HOI中，這個可怕的現(xiàn)狀將會以民族精神“蘇聯(lián)空軍”呈現(xiàn)給大家。這個Debuff給蘇聯(lián)所有能飛的、帶翅膀的東西都帶去相當(dāng)嚴(yán)酷可怖的懲罰。

Throughout the Airforce branch, you will be able to fix most of these penalties and get some bonuses too. You will not be able to remove all of those penalties though, since you will eventually have to choose between production or pilot training: the left part of the branch aims at improving aircraft production (more plains, better plains), while the right is focused on getting skilled aviators from among flying clubs, and training men and women alike to become competent army pilots, culminating with the three all-female aviation regiments formed by Marina Raskova (they come with aces and everything!).

完成空軍國策后，你將可以消除大部分Debuff并獲得一定的加成。雖然你并不能移除所有的Debuff，畢竟你遲早要在空軍生產(chǎn)和飛行員訓(xùn)練中做選擇：左邊的國策注重提高飛機產(chǎn)量，給你更多更好的飛機；而右邊的國策則會讓你從飛行俱樂部里抓經(jīng)驗豐富的壯丁，以拉斯科娃成立的三個全部由女性飛行員組成的航空兵團為終點（這三支隊伍在成立時就帶著王牌飛行員和飛機，但沒有經(jīng)驗）。

And it's time to talk about the Soviet Navy!

是時候聊聊蘇聯(lián)海軍了！

The Soviet Navy was divided between four operational zones: The Baltic Fleet, the Black Sea Fleet, the Arctic Fleet and the Far East Fleet, with vast distances separating them.

蘇聯(lián)海軍分散在相隔甚遠(yuǎn)的四個作戰(zhàn)區(qū)域中：波羅的海艦隊、黑海艦隊、北方艦隊和遠(yuǎn)東艦隊。

By 1941 the Red Fleet possessed few large modern warships, its expansion had focused instead on submarines and light ships, aiming at protecting the country's coasts and borders from enemy attacks, the naval defense strategy. After the purges (in which many of the advocates of the defense strategy perished), Stalin pushed to turn the maritime strategy into a resolutely offensive one, but the construction of large military vessels was hindered by the war.

1941年時，紅海軍幾乎沒有現(xiàn)代化的大型戰(zhàn)艦，其擴張注重于增加潛艇和輕型艦船數(shù)量，以保護祖國漫長的海岸線和邊境免受敵人侵?jǐn)_。在大清洗之后（許多倡導(dǎo)防御型戰(zhàn)略的人在大清洗中喪命），斯大林將海軍戰(zhàn)略改為堅定的進攻型，但是戰(zhàn)爭妨礙了建造大型軍用艦船的計劃。

Anyways, when Operation Barbarossa commenced, German bombers focused on airfields instead of targeting naval bases. The Third Reich didn’t need to destroy the Soviet navy, as long as their navy managed to blockade Soviet ships in their ports with mines.

總之，當(dāng)巴巴羅薩行動開始的時候，德國轟炸機主要目標(biāo)是機場而非海軍基地。只要第三帝國的海軍能用水雷把蘇聯(lián)艦船封鎖在港口里，他們就不需要摧毀蘇聯(lián)海軍。

In the left part of the tree, you will be able to reinforce the naval bases of any of the four fleets.

在國策樹的左半部分，你可以增建四大艦隊中任意一個的海軍基地。

You can then Expand Shipbuilding Plants to get a significant amount of dockyards, based on the naval bases you previously reinforced.

之后你可以選取“擴建造船廠”以獲得相當(dāng)多的船塢，具體數(shù)量取決于之前增建的海軍基地數(shù)量。

To the right, the PC of the USSR Navy will grant you The Red Fleet national spirit.

在右半部分，“蘇聯(lián)海軍人民委員部”國策可以啟用民族精神，紅海軍The Red Fleet。

This national spirit will be further improved in the focuses below, based on your choice between surface or submarine warfare. Most of them will provide some navy experience, tech research bonus and production cost reduction for the appropriate type of ship.

該民族精神可以通過之后的國策來獲得進一步的加成，具體取決于你在水面作戰(zhàn)和潛艇作戰(zhàn)之間的選擇。大多數(shù)國策會提供一些海軍經(jīng)驗、科技研究加成，以及特定種類艦船的生產(chǎn)花費減少。

Long Range Raiders will also unlock Cruiser Submarines tech and add a couple of K-Class submarines to your production line.

“長程掠襲艦艇”還會解鎖巡洋潛艇科技，同時在你的生產(chǎn)線上添加兩條K級潛艇。

Similarly, Expand the Morskaya Aviatsiya will grant you bonuses for carriers and navy aircraft, while also adding a carrier to your production line.

類似的，國策“擴大海軍航空部隊”也會增加額外的航母和艦載機科技，同樣也會在你的生產(chǎn)線中添加一艘航母。

And we've made it to the last actual common branch, the Military branch!

然后，我們到了通用路線分支的最后一部分，軍事線！

There are three branches here really, one for Military Industry, one for Defense, and one for the Army. Let's start with the Military Industry, to the left.

這里其實分成3條線，一條軍事工業(yè)線，一條防御線，還有一條陸軍線。讓我們先從左邊的軍事工業(yè)線開始說。

Here you will find multiple research and production bonuses, some military factories and some Tank templates.

在這里你可以看到很多研究和生產(chǎn)加成、一些軍工廠，還有一些坦克模板。

Development of Tankograd will make it cheaper for you to edit Tank templates, while also building military factories in heavily industrialized states in the Urals and to the East.

“發(fā)展坦克城”將會減少修改坦克模板的陸軍經(jīng)驗花費，同時會在烏拉爾山以及更東邊的高度工業(yè)化的地區(qū)添加軍用工廠。

Last but not least, let's talk about Merge Tank and Materiel Plants. Did you notice that there were similar focuses in the Air and Navy branches?

最后，讓我們看一下“合并坦克和材料工廠”國策。你注意到在空軍和海軍的分支中也有類似的國策焦點嗎？

Well, during my research for Soviet designers, I was amazed by the sheer complexity of just keeping track of a single designer candidate during HOI's timeline, since many plants were repeatedly renamed (or re-designated), merged or split into different bureaus (which were also frequently renamed, merged and split themselves). Sometimes plants or entire bureaus were merged into even bigger agencies, and other times a plant would just be merged into a nearby, bigger plant to focus on the R&D aspects of it, for example.

其實，在我搜索蘇聯(lián)設(shè)計局的資料的過程中，追蹤HOI4時間線中蘇聯(lián)某個設(shè)計局候選者這個工作的復(fù)雜度把我驚到了。因為許多工廠與設(shè)計局會被反復(fù)地更改名字與歸屬，進行合并或拆分（而這些被合并或者拆分而來的單位又會反復(fù)改名、改歸屬、合并、拆分）。有時某些工廠或整個設(shè)計局會被合并進某個更大的單位，或者某個工廠會被合并入附近的某個工廠，以集中進行某項研究。

Last but not least, we have the evacuation of entire plants from West to East carried out by the Soviets shortly before Barbarossa and of course during the war, which often resulted in more merging, renaming, and repurposing of plants.

不僅如此，蘇聯(lián)還會將西部地區(qū)的廠家整個搬遷到東部地區(qū)——趕在巴巴羅薩行動之前，或者在戰(zhàn)爭期間，這又會帶來更多的合并、更名，以及更改生產(chǎn)和研究任務(wù)。

So, in the face of all this industry reassignment frenzy and plant renaming festival I thought: why not just embrace this chaos and make something out of it for HOI?

于是，面對這針對工業(yè)系統(tǒng)的改名狂歡，我想為何不干脆擁抱這一片混亂，把其做進鋼四游戲里？

These focuses will unlock decisions to merge different plants into your active designers, providing them with many different small bonuses. All these plants are real, although not all of them were actually merged into a bureau or into another plant.

這些國策會解鎖一系列決議，將各個工廠等合并入你當(dāng)前的設(shè)計商，為其提供很多不同的小增益。所有這些工廠都是真實存在的，盡管它們歷史上不一定真的被合并進了某一個設(shè)計局或者另一個工廠。

Worth noting that there are also a few new Naval and Tank designers available for the Soviet Union.

值得一提的是：蘇聯(lián)又多了那么幾個新的艦船與坦克設(shè)計商可選。

In the Defense Branch you can choose between building a defensive line in the border with Poland (Stalin Line) or in the border with Germany, assuming you have somehow gained control over Eastern Poland (Molotov Line). You can also fortify Moscow and the White Sea-Baltic Canal and the border with Japan and their minions. Impregnable Forts is meant to represent the fearsome coastal batteries around Leningrad and in the Crimea, that caused so much trouble to the Germans during the invasion.

在國策樹的防御線分支，你可以在兩個選項中做選擇：在與波蘭的邊界上修建防線（斯大林防線），或是在與德國的邊界上修建防線（莫洛托夫防線）——如果你用某種方式得到了東波蘭的控制權(quán)的話。你也可以強化莫斯科地區(qū)、白海-波羅的海運河以及與日本及其附庸國之間的防御。國策“堅不可摧的堡壘”便是用以表現(xiàn)列寧格勒與克里米亞周圍那令人生畏的岸防炮臺，它們在德國試圖進行海上登陸時給其帶來了非常大的麻煩。

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