【觀察向】排糙聯(lián)賽里的新人

解讀一下2022-2023中國排球超級聯(lián)賽統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)
中國排協(xié)公布的技術(shù)統(tǒng)計表格上有一些“!/=#-”符號讓普通球迷看得一頭霧水,實際上這是統(tǒng)計軟件Data Volley 4描述排球比賽中各項技術(shù)效果的代碼。UP在此搬運了一些文獻資料,以幫助大家盡可能看懂排超數(shù)據(jù)。如有錯漏,還請批評指正!
一、Data Volley統(tǒng)計符號的含義
Up在網(wǎng)上檢索出一份2012年發(fā)布的題為“SOFTWARE FOR THE SCOUTING AND ANALYSIS OF VOLLEYBALL MATCHES”的文件,發(fā)布者是Data Project的市場部門。這份文件中詳細寫明了發(fā)扣攔傳防等環(huán)節(jié)技術(shù)統(tǒng)計符號的含義和統(tǒng)計方法。由于暫未找到官方發(fā)布的中文版文件,up本人也不敢說自己翻譯就完全準確,所以先找到一篇碩士論文——《Data Volley4 在高水平排球隊備戰(zhàn)大型賽事技戰(zhàn)術(shù)統(tǒng)計中的應用研究》。這篇論文第6-7頁翻譯了Data Volley的統(tǒng)計標準。
發(fā)球技術(shù)統(tǒng)計標準
#(得分)對方?jīng)]有觸碰到球或觸碰到球失誤使本隊得分
+(破壞對手戰(zhàn)術(shù))對手接發(fā)球后無法組織戰(zhàn)術(shù),只能使用調(diào)整攻
?。▽κ职氲轿唬κ纸影l(fā)球半到位,較好的二傳可以組織戰(zhàn)術(shù)
-(對手絕對到位)對手接發(fā)球到位,可以組織各種戰(zhàn)術(shù)
=(失誤)發(fā)球下網(wǎng)、出界、發(fā)球踩線或其它失誤
接發(fā)球(一傳)技術(shù)統(tǒng)計標準
#(絕對到位)接發(fā)球絕對到位,二傳可輕松組織各種戰(zhàn)術(shù)
+(半到位+)接發(fā)球效果僅次于絕對到位,二傳仍然可以組織戰(zhàn)術(shù)
?。ò氲轿唬┙影l(fā)球效果一般,部分優(yōu)秀二傳可組織戰(zhàn)術(shù)
-(調(diào)整攻)接發(fā)球效果較差,二傳只能組織調(diào)整攻
/(無攻)接發(fā)球直接過網(wǎng)或無法組織進攻墊調(diào)過網(wǎng)
=(失誤)接發(fā)球未觸碰到球或觸碰到球后失誤
傳球技術(shù)統(tǒng)計標準
#(傳球好球)傳球組織進攻0-1人攔網(wǎng)
+(傳球一般)傳球組織進攻2-3人攔網(wǎng)
-(傳球不能進攻)傳球失配導致攻手無法進攻
=(失誤)持球、連擊或其他失誤
進攻技術(shù)統(tǒng)計標準
#(得分)進攻直接得分
+(破攻)進攻后對手防守直接過網(wǎng)或防起后無法組織進攻
?。ū粩r回)進攻被對手攔網(wǎng)攔回
-(被對手防起能組織進攻)進攻被對手防起后能組織有效進攻
/(被攔死)進攻被對手攔網(wǎng)直接得分
=(失誤)進攻下網(wǎng)、界外或其它失誤
攔網(wǎng)技術(shù)統(tǒng)計標準
#(得分)攔網(wǎng)直接得分
+(攔網(wǎng)撐起能組織進攻)攔網(wǎng)觸球后己方可以組織有效進攻
?。〝r回)攔網(wǎng)觸球后將球攔回對方場地
-(攔起無攻)攔網(wǎng)觸球后己方無法組織有效進攻
=(失誤)攔網(wǎng)界外、觸網(wǎng)或其它失誤
防守技術(shù)統(tǒng)計標準
#(絕對到位)防守到位后二傳可以組織各種戰(zhàn)術(shù)
+(半到位)防守效果僅次于絕對到位,二傳仍然可以組織戰(zhàn)術(shù)
?。ㄕ{(diào)整攻)防起后無法組織戰(zhàn)術(shù),只能組織調(diào)整攻
/(無攻)防守直接過網(wǎng)或防起后無法組織進攻
=(失誤)防守未觸球或觸球后失誤失分
Data Volley給出的原文
Serve(發(fā)球)
= Error (net ball, out, foot foul)
/ Positive (the reception of the opponent is poor. The ball is sent directly in the other court or cannot be attacked).
-Negative (the opponent receives the ball # and can attack in any way)
! Custom character. Change according to your requirements.
+ Positive (the opponent receives and has one chance of attack).
# ACE - Direct Point (the opponent can’t receive or loses the ball)
Reception(一傳/接發(fā)球)
= Error (direct point for the opponent)
/ Poor (the ball goes in the opposite court and doesn’t allow an attack)
- Negative (you can only perform one mandatory attack)
! Custom character. Change according to your requirements.?
+ Positive (ball received within the 3-meter line, more than one attack can be performed but not all the combinations).
# Perfect pass, either position or parabola (all attack combination can be set)
Attack(進攻)
= Error (out, net ball, invasion)
/ Blocked attack (point goes to the opponent)
- Poor (easily dug by the opponent who can try and play the ball again)?
! Blocked but recovered by the home team
+ Positive (opponent defended with difficulty and the home team can try and play the ball again
# Winning (direct point)
Block(攔網(wǎng))
= Error (hands out, net ball, ball in own side or opposite side)?
/ Invasion (point goes to the other team)
- Poor (the opponent can play the ball again)
+ Positive (the ball is touched and can be played again by the home team)
# Winning (direct point)?
Dig(防守)
= Ball not defended or determines the end of the rally
/ The ball is hit directly in the opposite side of the court
- Does not allow to build an attack
# ?It creates an attack situation?
Set(傳球)
= Error (in the net, out, set foul, court invasion during set)
- Poor (the attacked cannot perform a perfect attack)?
+ Positive (the following attack is with a block of 2 or 3 players)
# Perfect (the following attack is without Block or 1player block)
Free Ball(無攻球)
= Error
/ Free ball in opposite side or cannot build an attack.
- The set can only give a high ball.
+ The set can position the ball for all attackers but will be difficult to create a perfect set.
# Offers all attack combinations to the setter.
Data Project的手冊里圖文并茂地解釋了一些概念,例如完美到位和到位的統(tǒng)計范圍,有興趣的小伙伴可以自己研究研究,這里就不贅述了。
二、解讀2022-2023年中國排超技術(shù)統(tǒng)計
中國排協(xié)沒有發(fā)布技術(shù)統(tǒng)計表中各個符號的含義。同一個符號在不同技術(shù)統(tǒng)計環(huán)節(jié)各有不同含義,在發(fā)球和接發(fā)球兩項中,data project的文件顯示“!”可以根據(jù)客戶需求自定義。因此,下文僅僅是UP根據(jù)本文現(xiàn)有文獻的推測,“有效得分指數(shù)”的算法不明,具體含義還是以排協(xié)為準。男排和女排聯(lián)賽的統(tǒng)計項目是完全一致的,UP截取了男排技術(shù)統(tǒng)計(12月8日版)為例。
主攻、副攻和接應榜單統(tǒng)計項目及使用符號是一致的,分別是:
1、發(fā)球(#直接得分 =失誤 /破攻)
2、攔網(wǎng)(#得分 =失誤) "/" Invasion (point goes to the other team) 意思是破壞性攔網(wǎng)對方得分?up不太確定
3、進攻(#得分 =失誤 /被攔死)
附:排超第一階段大循環(huán)后技術(shù)統(tǒng)計榜單前五名
主攻(OH 排協(xié)技術(shù)統(tǒng)計表上標注為“WS”)

副攻(MB)

接應(OP)

自由人(L)

# 絕對到位
! 半到位或者有可能排協(xié)自定義的一個指標
/無攻,直接過網(wǎng)或無法組織進攻
- 調(diào)整攻
+ 半到位+ 一傳在三米線內(nèi)
= 失誤,對方直接得分
二傳(S)
這個真沒有!這個真沒有!這個真沒有!這個真沒有!
三、對排超統(tǒng)計榜單的質(zhì)疑
1、每場比賽統(tǒng)計表上明明有主攻接一傳數(shù)量和到位率的統(tǒng)計,但排超榜單不將主攻的一傳納入計算標準;
2、完全沒有防守統(tǒng)計,甚至連自由人防守數(shù)據(jù)都沒有;
3、完全沒有傳球數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計,二傳完全不進行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計嗎????那之后評選排超最佳二傳獎的說服力是什么????
4、排協(xié)為何不將統(tǒng)計表中的符號轉(zhuǎn)換為文字????或者本來就不打算讓觀眾們看懂????您的意圖是人為增加公眾監(jiān)督排超比賽和排協(xié)工作的壁壘嗎????
參考文獻:
Data Project, Software for the Scouting and Analysis of Volleyball Matches, Bologna, 2012.
王國棟:《Data Volley4 在高水平排球隊備戰(zhàn)大型賽事技戰(zhàn)術(shù)統(tǒng)計中的應用研究》,碩士學位論文,魯東大學,2021年。