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這兩天在閱讀葛老先生的這本小冊(cè)子：《葛傳椝向英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者講話》。這本書(shū)的撰寫(xiě)年代久遠(yuǎn)，如今蒼茫歲月幾十載過(guò)去，葛老也早已仙逝，但其中關(guān)于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的建議依然對(duì)我們后來(lái)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者適用，或許籍此能拂去我們這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)快捷時(shí)代學(xué)習(xí)者身上的一些浮躁氣息，多些踏實(shí)勤勉。今日分享其中一些文段，供諸位一道學(xué)習(xí)和反思：

1

朗讀的好處和倡議

Well,much would come of reading aloud. Reading aloud?helps you to learn by heart, and learning by heart is essential to all who aim at writing well. Reading aloud helps you to?cultivate good pronunciation and good intonation,and good pronunciation and good intonation are essential to all language learners. Reading aloud helps you to?discover certain beauties of language?that you may fail to see in your silent reading.?Unless you read aloud, you cannot learn to write naturally or to appreciate literature.

Besides, what English-speaking persons get from speaking you may get from reading aloud, which will help you in the same way as speaking would, though perhaps less quickly.

2

為什么學(xué)了那么多語(yǔ)法，還是寫(xiě)不出像樣的文章？

I believe you have already read a few grammars,and probably have spent a great deal of time on the subject,though you may not now be able to write anything——say a short letter——grammatically perfect. Grammar may help you to use English,but only to a certain extent. Do not look on the study of grammar as all or nearly all that you have to do in order to master English.?Careful reading and constant practice are far more important.

3

不是表達(dá)有問(wèn)題，可能是你的理解有問(wèn)題

Chinese learners of English often misunderstand or fail to understand a group of simple words put together in a simple way. My advice is to?stop to think again when you find something unnatural in an expression. That something is perhaps not in the expression itself but in your interpretation of it.

4

要不要讀詞典？讀其中的常見(jiàn)詞條。

I myself have never read any dictionary through；no,not even those that bear my name on the title-page. But, I used many years ago to read through many articles on common words in the Concise Oaxgford Dictionary. I found that very helpful

in the mastery of common words and phrases.

Such common words and phrases can be very easily picked up by English-speaking boys and girls.But they are not likely to be acquired by Chinese students without

any special effort in this respect.?The reading of articles?on common words?in dictionaries is no doubt a great aid.

5

分主題編寫(xiě)一本屬于自己的詞典，只需記書(shū)、頁(yè)數(shù)和行數(shù)

Now I think that?every learner could make his own dictionary of usage. He could keep a notebook in which to record, in alphabetical order, such points of usage as he might find of particular interest to him. Such a book would serve him as a constant companion to composition, though many things in it might seem quite dull or useless to others.

And I think that every learner could make his dictionary of usage as large as the sum total of the books he reads.?I mean that he might make a usage index,?so to speak, to those books. For a particular point?he would have to record only the book, the page, and the line concerned.?He would some day be able to point to his library and say "This is my dictionary of English usage". What a great work!

6

**不使用在閱讀中未見(jiàn)過(guò)的任何結(jié)構(gòu)、表達(dá)方式和詞組

I have found it so helpful that I believe you will do well to adopt it. The principle is that?you should use no construction, no form of expression, and no combination of words, that you have not seen in your reading.

I would therefore advise you to use no word that you are not sure you have seen used by standard authors, and to consult your dictionary in cases of doubt.

7

比擴(kuò)大詞匯量更重要的是將已有認(rèn)知詞匯轉(zhuǎn)換為積極詞匯

True, the average Chinese learner of English has a very limited vocabulary, but I think he has something moreo important to do about his limited vocabulary than to enlarge it. He has yet to know many more words before he can master English. Nor can he master English till he has?acquired a better understanding of most of the words that are in his vocabulary.

8

不是每一個(gè)你認(rèn)為理解的詞真正是你自己的

A word is not your own until you can use it correctly.?You may know one or more Han equivalents for a word and yet you may not be able to use it correctly. I am afraid that of all the English words that the average Chinese learner can translate into Han, less than half may really be called his own.

9

語(yǔ)言是需要開(kāi)口說(shuō)出來(lái)的

In fact,?language is essentially a spoken thing.?To study English without trying to speak it is not advisable. And it is absurd to read a conversation book in just the same manner as to read a grammer.

Besides, as ordinary written English is not quite different from ordinary spoken English, to learn to speak is a very good way to learn to write. One who speaks good English writes good English too.?The pen cannot go wrong where the tongue goes right.?Many everyday phrases and everyday constructions come natural to one who uses them in speaking.

讀罷掩卷，作為英語(yǔ)教育界先驅(qū)的葛老先生那種嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、踏實(shí)的治學(xué)風(fēng)格讓人動(dòng)容。愿你我都能在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)道路上奮進(jìn)不止，在孤獨(dú)的探索中，開(kāi)出盈滿的知識(shí)之花。

一鍵三聯(lián)找我領(lǐng)??！?