中國(guó)發(fā)生的新型冠狀病毒疫情，“將有助于加速工作崗位回流北美，其中可能部分回流美國(guó)，部分則流向墨西哥?！?br/>

• "I think it will help to accelerate the return of jobs to North America, some to [the] US, probably some to Mexico as well,"?Ross said.

近日，美國(guó)商務(wù)部長(zhǎng)威爾伯·羅斯（Wilbur Ross）在接受?？怂股虡I(yè)頻道采訪時(shí)妄評(píng)中國(guó)疫情稱，對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)而言這是一個(gè)好消息。

諾獎(jiǎng)得主怒罵：

疫情幸虧沒(méi)在美國(guó)，真心為政府捏把汗

羅斯評(píng)論讓全美上下一片嘩然！

諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者、普林斯頓大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授保羅·克魯格曼（Paul Krugman）非常擔(dān)心，疫情要是發(fā)生在美國(guó)，這群思維混亂的政府官員能不能行。

他在《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》上發(fā)表專欄文章直言，真心為美國(guó)捏把汗。

克魯格曼表示，羅斯愚蠢的評(píng)論（boneheaded?remarks）足以讓人懷疑，美國(guó)政府這幫人能否應(yīng)對(duì)好任何一場(chǎng)不是自己造成的危機(jī)?，斃麃嗭Z風(fēng)就因?yàn)槊绹?guó)政府處理不當(dāng)，卷走幾千條人命。

• 請(qǐng)記住，到目前為止，美國(guó)政府都非常幸運(yùn)。除了瑪利亞颶風(fēng)（處理不當(dāng)，導(dǎo)致幾千多位美國(guó)人喪生）以外，基本沒(méi)有遇到過(guò)不是由自己造成的國(guó)內(nèi)外危機(jī)。此外，身邊有一群思維混亂的人，足以讓人嚴(yán)重懷疑美國(guó)政府能否處理好那些并非由自己制造的危機(jī)。

• Bear in mind that so far Trump has been remarkably lucky. Aside from Hurricane?Maria —?which he mishandled, and in which thousands of Americans died?— he has faced essentially no crises,?domestic or foreign, that weren't?of his own making.

• And he has surrounded himself with the gang that couldn't think straight, which raises severe doubts about how well he would handle a crisis that he didn't create himself.

在克魯格曼看來(lái)，如果非要從威爾伯·羅斯周四發(fā)表的拙劣言論讀出什么跡象的話......（那就是），美國(guó)政府不僅沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好如何應(yīng)對(duì)公共健康危機(jī)，更沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)對(duì)疫情可能帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響。真心捏把汗。

• If Wilbur Ross's boneheaded remarks on Thursday are any indication … the Trump administration is even less prepared to deal with the economic fallout from a possible epidemic?than it is to deal with the public health crisis. Be afraid.

給掛科的羅斯補(bǔ)上一堂經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)課

“這個(gè)商務(wù)部長(zhǎng)剛剛掛掉‘微生物經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)’課！”克魯格曼（Paul Krugman）毫不客氣地諷刺羅斯。作為諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者、著名經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，克魯格曼在文中給這些大放厥詞的美國(guó)高層好好補(bǔ)了一堂“微生物經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)課”。

羅斯思維病癥的根源：不懂21世紀(jì)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。

克魯格曼在文中寫道，羅斯認(rèn)為美國(guó)將從疫情中獲益，除非是壓根不懂21世紀(jì)的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)，才會(huì)這么想。

• Now, you might think that this implies an upside to China’s troubles, that disrupting China’s vast manufacturing sector would offer opportunities to producers in other countries, including the United States. That is, you might think this if you knew nothing about 21st-century economics.

第一講：全球價(jià)值鏈

克魯格曼認(rèn)為，羅斯和他的同僚們顯然并不明白，現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)不同于幾代人以前的制造業(yè)，不再是不同國(guó)家工業(yè)部門間的“直接競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。克魯格曼進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)，如今我們生活在全球價(jià)值鏈的世界里，任何國(guó)家進(jìn)口的大部分都不是消費(fèi)品，而是其自身生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中所使用的“中間商品”。

• What Ross and his colleagues apparently still don't understand?that modern manufacturing isn't like manufacturing a couple of generations ago, when different countries'?industrial sectors were engaged in fairly straightforward head-to-head competition.
  

• These days we live in a world of global value chains, in which much of what any givennation imports consists not of consumer goods but of "intermediate" goods that it uses as part of its own production process.

在這樣一個(gè)世界里，任何干擾進(jìn)口的東西，無(wú)論是關(guān)稅還是病毒，都會(huì)增加生產(chǎn)成本，從而影響制造業(yè)。事實(shí)上，美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)近期一份報(bào)告顯示，特朗普政府的關(guān)稅政策集中在中間商品上，已經(jīng)減少了制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)出和就業(yè)。

• In such a world, anything that disrupts imports — whether it's tariffs or a virus — raises production costs, and as a result if anything hurts manufacturing.
  

• Indeed, a?recent study?by the Federal Reserve found that Trump's tariffs, which were?concentrated?on intermediate goods, have reduced, not increased, manufacturing output and employment.

第二講：疫情對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響，堪稱貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)極端版

克魯格曼強(qiáng)調(diào)，疫情對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響比貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)更甚。

• 盡管2019年整體經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)還算不錯(cuò)（雖然不是太好），但制造業(yè)正在處于衰退進(jìn)程中。（貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)帶來(lái)的不確定性可能解釋了這樣一種現(xiàn)象，為什么大幅削減公司稅，商業(yè)投資仍然在下降。）

• …… while overall economic growth in 2019 was decent (not great), manufacturing is in a?recession. (And the uncertainty created by the trade war may explain why business investment is down despite a huge cut in?corporate taxes.)

我們可以這樣說(shuō)，如果這種病毒嚴(yán)重破壞了中國(guó)的生產(chǎn)，它對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響堪稱“貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的極端版本”。

• What we can say is that if the virus seriously disrupts Chinese production, its impact on the US?economy will be like?an extreme version of Trump's trade war…

結(jié)論

在克魯格曼羅斯眼里，羅斯認(rèn)為中國(guó)的疫情將“加速就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)回流美國(guó)”，而這種觀點(diǎn)只能證明兩件事：第一，難怪《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》專欄作家蓋爾·柯林斯的讀者會(huì)將羅斯評(píng)為特朗普政府最差的成員；第二，難怪特朗普的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)打得如此失敗。

• Sure enough, Wilbur Ross, …?to?declare?that he "didn't want to talk about a victory lap,"?but that the coronavirus "will help to accelerate the return of jobs to North America."?By?saying this, he demonstrated a couple of things: (1) why?Gail Collins's readers voted him Trump's?worst cabinet member, and (2) why Trump's trade war has been such a failure.

給掛科的羅斯補(bǔ)上一堂公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)課

羅斯的冷血論調(diào)惹怒的不僅僅是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，還有公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)家。

據(jù)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》報(bào)道稱，多位公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)家均迅速出手怒批，羅斯的發(fā)言不僅不準(zhǔn)確而且還危險(xiǎn)。從新型冠狀病毒疫情爆發(fā)以來(lái)，公共衛(wèi)生部門的工作者努力防止虛假信息在社交媒體上的傳播，從陰謀論到騙人的靈丹妙藥。各個(gè)平臺(tái)都在打壓關(guān)乎健康的危險(xiǎn)假信息的傳播。

• But public health experts were quick to criticize Ross's comments as inaccurate and dangerous, saying such messaging could suppress reports of new infections.
  

• Meanwhile, health officials are up against the spread of false information on social media, from conspiracy theories to deceitful claims of magical cures. And Facebook, Google and Twitter are scrambling to crack down on the spread of dangerous health disinformation.

專家學(xué)者希望羅斯停止不負(fù)責(zé)任的論調(diào)。

美國(guó)公共衛(wèi)生協(xié)會(huì)執(zhí)行理事喬治·本杰明犀利評(píng)論稱，從實(shí)際風(fēng)險(xiǎn)講，槍支濫用、美國(guó)本土麻疹疫情，這兩個(gè)任何一個(gè)都比冠狀病毒更危險(xiǎn)。

“你總能遇到說(shuō)話不負(fù)責(zé)任的人，自己不專業(yè)還亂說(shuō)話。羅斯的言論完全沒(méi)有科學(xué)和歷史依據(jù)?！?br/>

本杰明強(qiáng)調(diào)，面對(duì)這種新型疾病，你應(yīng)該想盡可能地開(kāi)放。如果你壓制這種開(kāi)放性，事情完全會(huì)進(jìn)一步惡化，將會(huì)有更多的人感染甚至死亡。

• Georges C. Benjamin,?executive director of the?American Public Health Association, said that American companies would?have more reason to be concerned about gun violence or?measles?outbreaks stateside in terms of actual risk?to their health than coronavirus.

• "You have somebody of that?stature?who makes?an?irresponsible comment, speaking on matters in which he has no expertise, and there's no scientific or historical evidence to what he's saying,"?Benjamin said of Ross.

• "With this kind of new disease, you want as much openness as you can", Benjamin added. "If you suppress that openness, which this will do, then you absolutely make it worse and more people will get sick, and more people will die."

波士頓大學(xué)衛(wèi)生公共學(xué)院的院長(zhǎng)桑德羅·加利亞也表示，這種傳染性疾病威脅著我們所有人，并且疫情的爆發(fā)從來(lái)就沒(méi)有過(guò)任何積極影響。羅斯的言論基于對(duì)傳染病傳播方式的誤解。政府官員有責(zé)任用明智的方式與公眾交流，教育或者推動(dòng)我們更好地了解什么才會(huì)真正有幫助。而不是起反作用，發(fā)表羅斯那樣的言論。

• Sandro?Galea,?dean of the School of Public Health?at Boston University,?said?infectious?diseases "threaten all of?us"?and?that?there's never?a positive?consequence?from an?outbreak.
  

• Ross's comments "rest on a misunderstanding?of?how infectious diseases are transmitted,"?Galea said.

• There's a "responsibility that public officials have to communicate in an?informed?manner?that educates the public and?moves us towards an understanding of?what actually generates help,"?Galea said.
  

• "A comment like this achieves the exact opposite purpose."

網(wǎng)友：簡(jiǎn)直就是個(gè)魔鬼

《今日美國(guó)》報(bào)道稱，專欄作家邁克爾·舒曼怒問(wèn)，羅斯的意思不就是中國(guó)人在這事兒上死越多，我們美國(guó)人工作機(jī)會(huì)就越多么??！這已經(jīng)不是羅斯第一次麻木不仁了！

• Wilbur Ross might as well have said 'the more of those Chinese who die over there, the more jobs for us!!'

• It was not the first time Ross has been accused of callousness.

美國(guó)電臺(tái)主持人米開(kāi)朗基羅·西尼奧里萊稱，這群人簡(jiǎn)直太惡心了，心被挖了。

• "These people are so sick?and?heartless." said?radio host Michelangelo?Signorile.
  

福布斯網(wǎng)站資深撰稿人杰克·凱利發(fā)表文章說(shuō)，羅斯對(duì)人們的痛苦充耳不聞，發(fā)表的言論不合時(shí)宜、麻木不仁。

• … Ross' comments come off as tone-deaf, inappropriate and insensitive.?

羅斯的話氣得網(wǎng)友渾身發(fā)抖。

• 要我看，羅斯已經(jīng)不是人了。一有點(diǎn)錢，就沒(méi)人性了，這簡(jiǎn)直是精神疾病。

• 天啊，你就這么輕浮嗎？那么多人死了，就因?yàn)橛兄诮?jīng)濟(jì)？？胡扯八道！還能比這個(gè)更讓人惡心嗎？

• 這樣的言論太可惡了！如果只是私下說(shuō)說(shuō)已經(jīng)夠糟糕了，他竟然還公開(kāi)說(shuō)？簡(jiǎn)直就是個(gè)魔鬼！

來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)（ID：CHINADAILYWX）

綜合：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)新媒體

編輯：王瑜 胡雨濛

運(yùn)營(yíng)實(shí)習(xí)生：朱嘉誠(chéng)