第二輯? TEST 3
READING
goalpost 門(mén)柱
prerequisite 必須具備的事務(wù)；先決條件（pre-condition）
incentive 刺激，鼓勵(lì)（stimulus）
passivity 被動(dòng)，消極，不抵抗（passiveness）
resentful 充滿(mǎn)憤恨的
compromise 妥協(xié)，折衷
going rate 先行收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，現(xiàn)行一般價(jià)格
sell onself short 賣(mài)空，低估，賤賣(mài)（not recognise the true value? of oneself）
trade-off 折衷，權(quán)衡（compromise）
invariably 總是（without exception）
refresher 補(bǔ)習(xí)
nominal 象征性的
jargon 行話(huà)
dividend 紅利，股利
arise from 產(chǎn)生于
on hand 在場(chǎng)（present）
rigour 嚴(yán)格，嚴(yán)厲，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，嚴(yán)密
credibility 可信程度，可信性
pander 迎合，奉迎，投其所好（yield to）
iota 極少量，一點(diǎn)兒（a very small amount）
prescriptive 規(guī)定的，指定的，制定（規(guī)則）的
quantifiable 可以計(jì)量的
backlash 強(qiáng)烈反應(yīng)，對(duì)抗性反應(yīng)
scrutiny 細(xì)看，細(xì)查，審視（close or minute examination）
consist of 由...組成? include，contain 指具體的物質(zhì)的實(shí)體和它們的各部分? involve 側(cè)重于非實(shí)體的事物及要素
connecting 連接的 neighbouring 臨近的，毗鄰的 surrounding 周?chē)?matching 相同的，協(xié)調(diào)的
initial 起初的
drain 消耗
expansion 擴(kuò)張
honour your commitment 兌現(xiàn)承諾
cash flow 資金流轉(zhuǎn)
be in a position to do sth. (因?yàn)橛心芰?、金錢(qián)或權(quán)力而)能夠做某事
executive 行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，主管
forecast 預(yù)見(jiàn)
account for 做出解釋
dynamic 精力充沛的；有創(chuàng)新能力的
high-profile 顯赫的，責(zé)任重大的

design 籌劃

LISTENING
instalment 分期付款；分期收款
grant 基金的贈(zèng)予款
overdue 延誤的
bottleneck 薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，瓶頸
chaotic 混亂無(wú)序的
trundle 滾動(dòng)或轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)著移動(dòng)
stuck 進(jìn)退維谷的
downside 不利方面（a disadvantageous aspect）
out of one's depth 超越自己的能力；理解不了的（beyond one's ability)
niche market 瞄準(zhǔn)機(jī)會(huì)的市場(chǎng)，縫隙市場(chǎng)，利基市場(chǎng)
get one's teeth into 積極地參與其中；牢牢地抓住

take up
1 PHRASAL VERB 開(kāi)始從事;喜歡上

If you take up an activity or a subject, you become interested in it and spend time doing it, either as a hobby or as a career.
He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport...
他并不特別想從事競(jìng)技體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。
2 PHRASAL VERB 開(kāi)始處理;討論如何處理
If you take up a question, problem, or cause, you act on it or discuss how you are going to act on it.
Mr de Garis's MP, Max Madden, took up the case...
德加里斯先生的下議員馬克斯·馬登開(kāi)始著手處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
3 PHRASAL VERB 開(kāi)始從事，開(kāi)始干(工作)
If you take up a job, you begin to work at it.
He will take up his post as the head of the civil courts at the end of next month.
他將在下個(gè)月底就任民事法庭庭長(zhǎng)一職。
4 PHRASAL VERB 接受，答應(yīng)(提議或挑戰(zhàn))
If you take up an offer or a challenge, you accept it.
Increasingly, more wine-makers are taking up the challenge of growing Pinot Noir...
越來(lái)越多的釀酒商開(kāi)始接受種植黑皮諾葡萄的挑戰(zhàn)。
5 PHRASAL VERB 占用，花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、空間或精力)
If something takes up a particular amount of time, space, or effort, it uses that amount.
I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to take up too much of your time...
我知道您肯定特別忙，我當(dāng)然不想占用您太多的時(shí)間。
6 PHRASAL VERB 占領(lǐng)，占據(jù)，占有(位置、陣地)
If you take up a particular position, you get into a particular place in relation to something else.
He had taken up a position in the centre of the room...
他占據(jù)了房間中心的位置。
7 PHRASAL VERB 繼續(xù);把…接著進(jìn)行下去
If you take up something such as a task or a story, you begin doing it after it has been interrupted or after someone else has begun it.
Gerry's wife Jo takes up the story...
格里的妻子喬接著往下講。

take down
1 PHRASAL VERB (從高處)取下，拿下，夠下來(lái)
If you take something down, you reach up and get it from a high place such as a shelf.
Alberg took the portrait down from the wall...
阿爾伯格從墻上摘下那幅肖像畫(huà)。
2 PHRASAL VERB 拆掉;拆毀
If you take down a structure, you remove each piece of it.
The Canadian army took down the barricades erected by the Indians...
加拿大軍隊(duì)拆掉了印第安人設(shè)置的路障。
3 PHRASAL VERB 寫(xiě)下;記錄
If you take down a piece of information or a statement, you write it down.
We've been trying to get back to you, Tom, but we think we took your number down incorrectly...
湯姆，我們一直試著給你回電話(huà)，可是，或許我們把你的號(hào)碼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)了。

take on
1 PHRASAL VERB 承擔(dān)，接受(尤指艱巨工作或重大責(zé)任)
If you take on a job or responsibility, especially a difficult one, you accept it.
No other organisation was able or willing to take on the job...
沒(méi)有任何別的組織有能力或愿意承擔(dān)此項(xiàng)工作。
2 PHRASAL VERB 呈現(xiàn)，顯出(新面貌或新特點(diǎn))
If something takes on a new appearance or quality, it develops that appearance or quality.
Believing he had only a year to live, his writing took on a feverish intensity.
由于以為自己只剩一年的活頭，他的文字開(kāi)始變得激情澎湃。
3 PHRASAL VERB (公共汽車(chē)、船舶等)上(客)，裝(貨)，補(bǔ)充(燃料)
If a vehicle such as a bus or ship takes on passengers, goods, or fuel, it stops in order to allow them to get on or to be loaded on.
This is a brief stop to take on passengers and water.
這是一次短暫停靠，上上客，加加水。
4 PHRASAL VERB 雇用;錄用
If you take someone on, you employ them to do a job.
He's spoken to a publishing firm. They're going to take him on...
他和一家出版公司談過(guò)了，他們打算雇用他。
5 PHRASAL VERB 與(尤指實(shí)力比自己強(qiáng)的人)較量;接受…的挑戰(zhàn)
If you take someone on, you fight them or compete against them, especially when they are bigger or more powerful than you are.
Democrats were reluctant to take on a president whose popularity ratings were historically high...
民主黨人不愿與一位有史以來(lái)民眾支持率最高的總統(tǒng)較量。
6 PHRASAL VERB 擅自決定;自作主張
If you take something on or upon yourself, you decide to do it without asking anyone for permission or approval.
Knox had taken it on himself to choose the wine...
諾克斯擅自作主，選了葡萄酒。

grant ? n. (政府、機(jī)構(gòu)的)撥款
distribute business and research grant