CHAPTER TWO

第二章

KARL NIKOLAIEV SELF-MADE PSYCHIC

卡爾·尼古拉耶夫：自創(chuàng)的通靈者

On April 19th, 1966, Karl Nikolaiev, a broth of a Soviet, a Moscow journalist as well as a busy dramatic actor, stepped quickly down the ramp from his plane in Novosibirsk. Like almost anyone else who arrives at this airport, Nikolaiev (Niko-li-ev) had come to test a scientific theory. Novosibirsk’s Academgorodok or “science city” is a special place twinkling like a mirage on the white flats of Siberia. The Soviets built this far off city-with-amenities for scientists. A kind of total environment think-tank, the average age in Novosibirsk’s science city is around thirty, the average IQ well over 130.

1966年4月19日，卡爾·尼古拉耶夫，一位蘇聯(lián)漢子，莫斯科的一名記者兼繁忙的話劇演員，迅速走下飛機(jī)坡道，在新西伯利亞的諾沃西比爾斯克登陸。和幾乎所有抵達(dá)這個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)的人一樣，尼古拉耶夫（Nikolaiev）來這里是為了測(cè)試一個(gè)科學(xué)理論。諾沃西比爾斯克的科學(xué)城學(xué)術(shù)部（Academgorodok），或稱“科學(xué)城”，就像在西伯利亞廣袤的白色平原上閃爍著的海市蜃樓。蘇聯(lián)為科學(xué)家們建造了這個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的城市，并配備了各種設(shè)施。這是一個(gè)集思想研討的理想環(huán)境，這里的人平均年齡約為30歲，平均智商遠(yuǎn)超130。

Nikolaiev checked into room 601 at the Golden Valley Hotel and met a welcoming contingent of scientists from the Siberian branch of the Soviet Academy of Science. He was a new sort of specimen for the scientists. Karl, supposedly a psychic, was the man who would try to receive telepathic messages in a landmark experiment that might be called the Grand Moscow-Siberia Telepathy Test.

尼古拉耶夫入住了金谷酒店601房，并與西伯利亞蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)院的科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了熱情的會(huì)面。對(duì)于科學(xué)家們來說，尼古拉耶夫是一種新型的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象?？栕苑Q為通靈者，他將嘗試通過一項(xiàng)被稱為“莫斯科-西伯利亞大型通靈測(cè)試”的里程碑實(shí)驗(yàn)，來接收心靈感應(yīng)的信息。

Karl knew all about skepticism. Yet, that evening he found it harder than usual to shrug off. He was at the Golden Valley Hotel facing a golden opportunity—a full-dress scientific experiment with all the trimmings. He had to vindicate his contention that telepathy can bring two harmonious people into communication no matter how far apart they are. He’d been trying to get someone to test this contention for over twenty years. Nikolaiev tried to submerge into total relaxation, even though three very skeptical scientists eyed him intently. It was almost midnight in Siberia.

盡管尼古拉耶夫了解到對(duì)于通靈現(xiàn)象普遍存在懷疑，但這天晚上，他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難對(duì)此漠然置之。他置身于金谷酒店，面對(duì)著一次隆重的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，一切都備受矚目。他必須證明自己的觀點(diǎn)，即無論彼此相隔多遠(yuǎn)，心靈感應(yīng)都能讓兩個(gè)和諧的人進(jìn)行交流。他已經(jīng)試圖讓別人測(cè)試這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)超過二十年了。尼古拉耶夫試圖沉浸在完全的放松中，盡管有三位懷疑重重的科學(xué)家緊盯著他。此時(shí)西伯利亞已經(jīng)是深夜時(shí)分。

Hundreds of miles away in Moscow, the Kremlin clocks struck eight. Yuri Kamensky, a biophysicist, was interrupted in his own relaxing efforts by a committee of scientists. They presented Kamensky with a sealed package. Then they closed the door on his isolated, insulated chamber.

而在幾百英里外的莫斯科，克里姆林宮的時(shí)鐘敲響了八下。生物物理學(xué)家尤里·卡門斯基在自己的休息努力中被一群科學(xué)家打斷。他們遞給卡門斯基一個(gè)密封的包裹，然后關(guān)上了他孤立、隔絕的房間的門。

“I didn’t know what I was supposed to send telepathically to Nikolaiev”, Kamensky reported. “I only knew there’d be six objects and that the committee would bring each to me separately. The time for ‘transmission’ was ten minutes per object.

“我不知道我應(yīng)該通過心靈感應(yīng)向尼古拉耶夫傳遞什么”，卡門斯基說?！拔抑恢罆?huì)有六個(gè)物品，委員會(huì)會(huì)將每個(gè)物品分開交給我?！畟鬏敗臅r(shí)間是每個(gè)物品十分鐘。

“The first package they gave me contained a metal spring of seven tight spirals. I picked it up. I moved my fingers over the coils. I let both the feeling and the sight of it sink into me. At the same time, I envisioned the face of Nikolaiev. I imagined he was sitting in front of me. Then I shifted perspective and tried to see the spring as if I were looking over Karl’s shoulder. Finally, I tried to see it through his eyes”.

“第一個(gè)包裹里是一個(gè)由七個(gè)緊密螺旋的金屬?gòu)椈芍瞥傻摹Ｎ夷闷鹚?。我用手指觸摸螺旋。我讓自己感受并看到它。同時(shí)，我想象尼古拉耶夫的臉。我想象他坐在我面前。然后，我改變視角，嘗試從卡爾的肩膀上看螺旋。最后，我試圖從他的眼睛看螺旋”。

About 1,860 miles away, Nikolaiev tensed. According to the eyewitnesses, his fingers groped about something visible only to himself. He wrote, “round, metallic . . . gleaming . . . indented . . . looks like a coil”.

而在1860多英里外，尼古拉耶夫緊張了起來。根據(jù)目擊者的描述，他的手指在尋找著某個(gè)只有他自己能看到的東西。他寫道：“圓的、金屬的……閃閃發(fā)光的……有凹痕……看起來像一個(gè)彈簧”。

When Kamensky concentrated on the impression of a screwdriver with a black plastic handle, Nikolaiev recorded, “Long and thin . . . metal . . . plastic . . . black plastic”.

當(dāng)卡門斯基專注于印有黑色塑料手柄的螺絲刀的印象時(shí)，尼古拉耶夫?qū)懙溃骸坝珠L(zhǎng)又細(xì)……金屬的……塑料的……黑色塑料”。

Later Kamensky remarked “It seems to me every person has this ability to send and receive telepathy. But like any ability, it’s necessary to train and develop it. Some people, of course, are more talented at it than others”.

卡門斯基后來評(píng)論說：“我覺得每個(gè)人都有能力進(jìn)行心靈感應(yīng)的發(fā)送和接收。但像任何能力一樣，需要訓(xùn)練和發(fā)展。當(dāng)然，有些人在這方面比其他人更有天賦”。

On four different nights between April 19th and 27th, Nikolaiev attempted to tune in via telepathy to people in Moscow. Another sender, A. G. Arlashin, a student, chose the six images he would transmit from a large group of objects presented by the scientists. One thing Arlashin chose was a barbell. Nikolaiev jotted, “metal, round, long, fat . . . hard . . . not chromed, iron bar . . . gray, like unpolished iron . . . heavy. What is it? Can it be dumbbells?”

在4月19日至27日期間的四個(gè)不同夜晚，尼古拉耶夫試圖通過心靈感應(yīng)與莫斯科的人們進(jìn)行聯(lián)系。另一位發(fā)送者，學(xué)生A·G·阿拉什金，從一組由科學(xué)家們提供的物品中選擇了他要傳輸?shù)牧鶄€(gè)圖像。其中一個(gè)是一個(gè)杠鈴。尼古拉耶夫記下：“金屬的，圓的，又長(zhǎng)又胖……硬……沒有鍍鉻，是鐵桿……灰色，像未經(jīng)打磨的鐵……很重。這是什么？難道是啞鈴嗎？”

In general, Nikolaiev found it easy to pick up Kamensky’s thought but difficult to unscramble Arlashin’s. Intertwined in Nikolaiev’s commentary as he struggled to come up with the object Arlashin had in mind were the mental associations of the young sender who was busy wondering, “Shall I choose this or that to send?” Karl’s difficulty seemed to back up a theory of Soviet parapsychology: a trained sender is almost as important in telepathy as a talented receiver. If the sender’s thoughts are hazy, the receiver gets equally foggy pictures.

總的來說，尼古拉耶夫發(fā)現(xiàn)很容易接收卡門斯基的思維，但很難理清阿拉什金的。在他努力試圖找出阿拉什金心中所想物體的過程中，他的評(píng)論中交織著年輕發(fā)送者忙于思考“我該選擇這個(gè)還是那個(gè)來發(fā)送？”的心理聯(lián)想。卡爾的困難似乎支持了蘇聯(lián)超心理學(xué)的一個(gè)理論：一個(gè)訓(xùn)練有素的發(fā)送者在心靈感應(yīng)中幾乎與有天賦的接收者一樣重要。如果發(fā)送者的思維模糊，接收者也會(huì)得到模糊不清的圖像。

In a test with the well-known ESP cards, Nikolaiev in Siberia guessing cards being turned in Moscow, correctly identified twelve out of twenty—far higher than the five out of twenty-five predicted by statistical theory. The odds against doing this by chance are about a thousand to one, according to Dr. Ippolit Kogan, director of the Moscow psi research center that ran the test. Yet one test is nothing in the way of proof.

在一次使用著名的超感知牌進(jìn)行測(cè)試時(shí)，西伯利亞的尼古拉耶夫通過猜測(cè)莫斯科的牌，從20張中正確辨認(rèn)出了12張，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過統(tǒng)計(jì)理論預(yù)測(cè)的25張中的5張。莫斯科超心理學(xué)研究中心主任伊波利特·科根博士表示，按照偶然的概率，要實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)的機(jī)會(huì)約為千分之一。然而，一次測(cè)試還不能構(gòu)成證據(jù)。

Coil, barbells, screwdriver, these were what caused a star of sorts to be born in Siberia. Karl had thousands of choices. No one can calculate the probabilities of “guessing” a single target out of the infinite variety of things in the world.

彈簧、杠鈴、螺絲刀，這些是使西伯利亞誕生一位明星的原因?？栍袛?shù)千種選擇。沒人能計(jì)算出在世界上無限多種物品中“猜中”一個(gè)目標(biāo)的概率。

“Nikolaiev satisfactorily received half of the telepathic images”, Dr. Kogan reported in the scientific journal Radio Technology.

科學(xué)期刊《無線電技術(shù)》中報(bào)道：“尼古拉耶夫令人滿意地接收到了一半的心靈感應(yīng)圖像”。

Karl successfully zeroed in on thought from Moscow not once, but six times. It was a thumping personal vindication and more. Newspapers played him up and set Russians talking about the wonders of Nikolaiev and “mental wireless”. It wasn’t just journalists who keyed Russians into the mysteries of ESP. The scientists, the high priests of Soviet culture, suddenly were telling the public about the extraordinary Nikolaiev too.

卡爾成功地通過心靈感應(yīng)六次接收到莫斯科的思維。這是一次大勝利，不僅是個(gè)人的勝利，而且還意味著更多。報(bào)紙對(duì)他進(jìn)行了報(bào)道，促使俄羅斯人談?wù)撃峁爬蚝汀靶撵`無線電”的奇跡。不僅僅是記者讓俄羅斯人了解了超感知的奧秘，科學(xué)家們，蘇聯(lián)文化的高級(jí)僧侶，也突然向公眾介紹了尼古拉耶夫這位非凡的人物。

Engineer Victor Popovkin wrote in the official youth paper Komsomolskaya Pravda that Nikolaiev’s success in Siberia “compels me to join with the opinion of those Soviet scientists who calculate that all people possess telepathic ability in various degrees and that this ability can be trained”.

工程師維克托·波波夫金在官方青年報(bào)紅旗報(bào)上寫道，尼古拉耶夫在西伯利亞取得的成功“迫使我贊同那些蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)，即所有人在不同程度上都具備心靈感應(yīng)的能力，并且這種能力可以進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練”。

In the same paper, Dr. Kogan, who is a mathematician and cyberneticist, stated: “If the results of this and other tests are taken with due reservation, critically and without gullibility or prejudice, there can be no doubt that finally, though it is mysterious, parapsychology will be an accepted science”.

在同一份報(bào)紙上，數(shù)學(xué)家和控制論學(xué)家科甘博士說：“如果對(duì)這次和其他測(cè)試的結(jié)果持有適當(dāng)?shù)谋Ａ魬B(tài)度，進(jìn)行批判性的、不帶輕信或偏見的研究，那么毫無疑問，盡管這是神秘的，超心理學(xué)最終將成為一門被接受的科學(xué)”。

Professor Lazar Soukarebsky, doctor of psychiatry, spoke out in Moscow Pravda: “The demonstration of telepathy with Nikolaiev is of great interest, especially for research into new possibilities in man. . . . Can it be we are involved with a new form of sense, unknown as yet to science? . . . Often one hears, ‘I believe in telepathy’ or ‘I don’t believe’. But what does this really have to do with belief? That is not a scientific formulation of the question. We need to research these problems scientifically”.

精神病學(xué)博士拉扎爾·蘇卡雷布斯基教授在莫斯科真理報(bào)上發(fā)表意見：“與尼古拉耶夫一起展示心靈感應(yīng)非常有趣，尤其是對(duì)于研究人類新的可能性而言……這難道與信仰有關(guān)嗎？這不是對(duì)問題的科學(xué)表述。我們需要科學(xué)地研究這些問題”。

The Moscow-Siberia Telepathy Test, old-fashioned and classic as a model T, brought Soviet psychic research into a new era. The barrier was breached, the prototype accomplished; now refinements could begin. For the first time, Soviet scientists had mentioned publicly that the U.S.S.R. too possesses a “tested” psychic.

老式而經(jīng)典的莫斯科-西伯利亞大型通靈測(cè)試像T型車一樣，將蘇聯(lián)的心靈研究帶入了一個(gè)新時(shí)代。屏障被突破，原型成功完成；現(xiàn)在可以開始進(jìn)一步的改進(jìn)。蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)家第一次公開提到，蘇聯(lián)也擁有一位“經(jīng)過測(cè)試”的超感知者。

We got our first glimpse of the psychic Nikolaiev when we arrived at the conference.

我們第一次見到了心靈感應(yīng)者尼古拉耶夫，當(dāng)我們抵達(dá)會(huì)議現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)。

“Look, there’s Nikolaiev”, said our translator, pointing across the room. “There, the strong looking man”, she said insistently. “See, he’s red all over!”

“看，那就是尼古拉耶夫”，我們的翻譯指著房間的對(duì)面說。“那位強(qiáng)壯的男子”，她堅(jiān)決地說?！翱矗麧M臉通紅！”

Red-haired Karl Nikolaiev did look as if he’d spent a lot of time out in the scorching Moscow sun. Nikolaiev, who makes his money as an actor, also looked as if he’d be type cast as a Cossack leader galloping across the steppes. Instead, he was acting in a new play that “explored the subtle psychological undercurrents among a group of people returning for a college reunion”.

紅發(fā)的卡爾·尼古拉耶夫看起來好像在莫斯科炎熱的太陽下待了很多時(shí)間。尼古拉耶夫是個(gè)演員，他看起來像個(gè)騎馬穿越大草原的哥薩克領(lǐng)袖。然而，他現(xiàn)在正在參演一部“探討一群人重返大學(xué)團(tuán)聚時(shí)的微妙心理情緒”的新劇。

His background was impeccable. Nikolaiev’s father, a ranking Bolshevik, edited an important revolutionary newspaper. His grandfather was one of the first Marxists in Russia and is written up in history books. Psychic power didn’t run in his family, but being in the vanguard of new ideas and fighting for a cause certainly did. The dedicated family named him Karl in honor, of course, of Karl Marx.

他的背景非常優(yōu)秀。尼古拉耶夫的父親是一位高級(jí)布爾什維克，曾擔(dān)任重要的革命報(bào)紙的編輯。他的祖父是俄羅斯最早的馬克思主義者之一，并在歷史書籍中有記載。通靈能力在他的家族中并不存在，但追求新思想和為事業(yè)而奮斗的決心當(dāng)然是遺傳的。這個(gè)家庭以信念而命名他卡爾，以紀(jì)念卡爾·馬克思。

“You must meet him”, our translator went right on whispering during the opening speech of the conference. “He’s proved once and for all that telepathy exists”.

“你必須見見他”，我們的翻譯在會(huì)議開幕演講時(shí)繼續(xù)低聲說。“他已經(jīng)徹底證明了心靈感應(yīng)的存在”。

The telepathy she referred to has little to do with Karl’s ability to tell in Siberia what someone is thinking about in Moscow. Unlike anything so far reported in the West, it involves the small volts of electricity flickering across the hemispheres of Karl’s brain, recorded by an EEG (electroencephalograph). Nikolaiev, the individualist, was wholeheartedly in favor of connecting himself to the impersonal machines. He’d fought a long time to become a guinea pig in the scientists’ laboratory.

她所指的心靈感應(yīng)與卡爾在西伯利亞可以知道莫斯科的某人在想什么幾乎沒有關(guān)系。與西方迄今報(bào)道的任何事物都不同，它涉及到電生理圖（腦電圖）記錄的卡爾的大腦半球之間閃爍的微小電壓。作為一個(gè)個(gè)體主義者，尼古拉耶夫完全贊成將自己與無情的機(jī)器聯(lián)系在一起。他長(zhǎng)期努力成為科學(xué)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室的一只豚鼠。

For years Nikolaiev, in his role as psychic, bulled slowly ahead through tides of opposition. The Commissars proclaimed there were no psychics in Russia. The atheists and the scientific establishment complicated Karl’s struggle. ESP didn’t fit with their view of the world, so they knew it couldn’t exist. But the first person Karl had to deal with was himself.

多年來，尼古拉耶夫以心靈感應(yīng)者的身份，在反對(duì)浪潮中緩慢前進(jìn)。共產(chǎn)黨宣稱在俄羅斯沒有超感知者。無神論者和科學(xué)界的人物讓卡爾的奮斗變得更加復(fù)雜。超感知與他們對(duì)世界的觀點(diǎn)不符，因此他們認(rèn)為它是不存在的。但卡爾首先需要解決的是他自己。

“I chose to be telepathic”, Karl states flatly. “I did not have any unusual experiences or talents as a child. I worked hard to realize a potential most people don’t even think about. I trained myself to be psychic”.

“我選擇成為心靈感應(yīng)者”，卡爾平靜地說。“我小時(shí)候沒有任何不尋常的經(jīng)歷或天賦。我努力實(shí)現(xiàn)了大多數(shù)人甚至不會(huì)想到的潛力。我訓(xùn)練自己成為心靈感應(yīng)者”。

Nikolaiev told us, “What I’ve done, other people can do. I believe everyone has psychic potential. That’s one reason I think scientific tests to prove my abilities are vital. They’re proof that I taught myself to be telepathic. And if I can, maybe you can—certainly a lot of other people can”.

尼古拉耶夫告訴我們：“我所做的事情，其他人也可以做到。我相信每個(gè)人都有超感知的潛力。這就是我認(rèn)為進(jìn)行科學(xué)測(cè)試來證明我的能力至關(guān)重要的原因。這些測(cè)試證明我教會(huì)了自己心靈感應(yīng)。如果我可以，你也可以，當(dāng)然還有很多其他人也可以”。

Karl’s first battles weren’t in the field of ESP, but they led him to it. Barely fifteen when the war broke, he was called up to fight in Russia’s death struggle with the Nazis. As the Russians slowly beat the enemy back, Karl was rotated from the front for rest in a Hungarian city. He’d grown up planning to be a journalist like his well-known father, Nikolai Gurvich. (Nikolaiev is his stage name, taken from his father’s first name. “But, really and passionately, the sturdy teenager longed to be an actor. His thirst for theater of any shape led him to a Hungarian show starring Orlando, the stage hypnotist and telepathist.

卡爾最早的戰(zhàn)斗不是在超感知領(lǐng)域，但卻引導(dǎo)著他進(jìn)入這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。二戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)時(shí)他才剛剛十五歲，被召喚參加與納粹的死亡搏斗。隨著俄羅斯軍隊(duì)慢慢將敵人擊退，卡爾從前線輪換休息，來到匈牙利的一個(gè)城市。他從小就計(jì)劃像他出名的父親尼古拉·古爾維奇一樣成為一名記者。（尼古拉耶夫是他的舞臺(tái)名字，取自父親的名字?！暗牵嬲\(chéng)地說，那位堅(jiān)實(shí)的少年渴望成為一名演員。他對(duì)任何形式的戲劇都渴望不已，這讓他走進(jìn)了一個(gè)由舞臺(tái)催眠師和心靈感應(yīng)者奧蘭多領(lǐng)銜的匈牙利演出。

“I hung on the edge of my seat the first night. The second, I was backstage in the wings watching Orlando’s every move”.

“第一天晚上，我緊緊貼在座位的邊緣。第二天晚上，我在后臺(tái)的臺(tái)子上觀察奧蘭多的每一舉動(dòng)”。

Karl had seen the “l(fā)ight” and knew it. He scrounged for every book he could find on psychology and ESP in Hungary. Returning to Moscow, a nineteen-year-old veteran, Karl went straight to see Wolf Messing, a rare person in Russia, a celebrated theatrical psychic.

卡爾看到了“光明”，并明白了。他在匈牙利盡可能收集了關(guān)于心理學(xué)和超感知的書籍。回到莫斯科時(shí)，19歲的退伍軍人卡爾徑直去找了沃爾夫·梅辛，這在俄羅斯是個(gè)罕見的人物，一個(gè)著名的戲劇心靈感應(yīng)者。

If Orlando could do it, if Messing could do it, Nikolaiev could do it.

如果奧蘭多和梅辛能做到，尼古拉耶夫也能做到。

Face to face with Nikolaiev, most people would decide he could achieve what he sets out to do. Animal magnetism is a bad word in books on parapsychology, but he has something like that. His vitality gave us a needed jolt when we met him late one evening with Naumov and two young physicists. After his evening’s turn on the stage, Nikolaiev seemed ready for an all-night talk.

面對(duì)面地與尼古拉耶夫交談，大多數(shù)人會(huì)認(rèn)為他能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)自己設(shè)立的目標(biāo)。動(dòng)物磁場(chǎng)是超心理學(xué)書籍中的一個(gè)貶義詞，但他有點(diǎn)像那樣。當(dāng)我們?cè)谏钜古c他和諾莫夫以及兩名年輕物理學(xué)家會(huì)面時(shí)，他的活力讓我們振奮不已。在完成舞臺(tái)演出后，尼古拉耶夫似乎準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行一夜的談話。

“How did you start to train yourself to be psychic?”

“你是如何開始訓(xùn)練自己成為心靈感應(yīng)者的？”

“I started out the only way I knew—by trying. I had friends think orders to me”, Nikolaiev said. “They’d think ‘light a cigarette, change your mind and crush it out’. Or ‘march forward, turn left’. Like any good recruit, I’d turn right. It amused everybody, but me”.

“我唯一知道的方法就是嘗試”，尼古拉耶夫說。“我讓朋友們對(duì)我發(fā)出命令”，尼古拉耶夫說。“他們會(huì)想‘點(diǎn)燃一支香煙，然后改變主意，把它熄滅’?；蛘摺蚯白撸缓笞筠D(zhuǎn)’。像一個(gè)合格的新兵一樣，我會(huì)右轉(zhuǎn)。這讓所有人都感到很有趣，但我自己并沒有覺得有意思”。

Karl asked people to hide objects in the room, then mentally direct him on a treasure hunt. “One day an acquaintance, Galya—I’ll never forget her—thought, ‘go, pick up the pitcher’. And I did”.

卡爾請(qǐng)人們?cè)诜块g里藏起物品，然后在心理上引導(dǎo)他進(jìn)行尋寶。 "有一天，一個(gè)熟人，嘉莉亞——我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記她——想著'去，拿起那個(gè)水罐'。然后我就去了。”

After that Karl’s friends stopped laughing. Instead they got busy trying to figure out a wild scheme to use Karl’s newfound talents to help them pass their university exams. Just how successful they were is one of the well-kept secrets of Soviet parapsychology.

之后，卡爾的朋友們不再嘲笑他，而是忙著試圖想出一個(gè)瘋狂的計(jì)劃，利用卡爾新發(fā)現(xiàn)的能力幫助他們通過大學(xué)考試。他們究竟有多成功，這是蘇聯(lián)超心理學(xué)的一個(gè)嚴(yán)密保密的秘密之一。

A few years ago Lev Kolodny, a Soviet journalist, asked the now scientifically embroiled Nikolaiev whether he could still do his old telepathic parlor tricks. Kolodny remembers: “I concentrated on the task, careful not to look toward the object I wanted him to bring me. Nikolaiev got up turned his back on me and walked to the far end of the room. He stopped at a corner table. In a few seconds he picked up a copy of the magazine Ogonyok and ruffled through the pages. Karl handed me the magazine folded open at page 6, which carried a story entitled, ‘Oil Under Moscow’. It was the article I’d mentally commanded him to bring me”.

幾年前，蘇聯(lián)記者列夫·科洛德尼問現(xiàn)在涉足科學(xué)的尼古拉耶夫是否仍然能夠進(jìn)行他過去的心靈讀心術(shù)表演。科洛德尼回憶道：“我集中注意力，小心不要看向我想讓他給我?guī)淼奈锲?。尼古拉耶夫起身背?duì)著我，走到房間的遠(yuǎn)端。他停在一個(gè)角落的桌子旁。幾秒鐘后，他拿起《火焰》雜志的一本，翻閱其中的頁面。卡爾把展開在第6頁上的雜志遞給我，上面刊登著一篇名為“莫斯科之下的石油”的報(bào)道。這正是我心靈指令他帶給我的那篇文章?！?/p>

Occasionally Karl’s psychic radar was put to more serious use. “Telepathy has helped me in my personal life ever since I began developing it”, Karl told us. “To give you an example, I raised a son, all alone without a wife. One summer when the boy was in his early teens, he begged to go north to the country with a group of older friends. Finally I relented and said, ‘Go, but write and let me know exactly where you are’. Naturally, he never wrote. So one night I simply got on a train and went to the village the boys had headed for.

偶爾，卡爾的心靈雷達(dá)被用于更嚴(yán)肅的用途。卡爾告訴我們：“自從我開始發(fā)展這種能力以來，心靈讀心術(shù)在我的個(gè)人生活中幫助了我。舉個(gè)例子，我一個(gè)人撫養(yǎng)著一個(gè)兒子，沒有妻子。有一年夏天，當(dāng)那個(gè)男孩十幾歲時(shí)，他懇求和一群年長(zhǎng)的朋友去北部的鄉(xiāng)村。最后，我同意了，并說：‘去吧，但一定要寫信告訴我你在哪里。’當(dāng)然，他從未寫信。所以有一天晚上，我就簡(jiǎn)單地坐上火車去了那個(gè)村莊，他們?nèi)サ牡胤健?/p>

“It was late and black when I arrived. I had no idea where to find him. I told myself to relax and just started walking. Soon I felt a force leading or guiding me. I just kept walking with it until all of a sudden it stopped in front of a small frame house. I knocked. No answer. I hadn’t come that far to stand there. I opened the door and walked in. A parent’s nightmare come to life—the floor littered with vodka and beer bottles, old food, a bunch of bums who were playing cards, and there, square in the middle of the mess was my drunken son. I took my young guttersnipe home, thinking I’d certainly need psychic and every other kind of power to raise him decently”. Apparently the “powers” didn’t fail Karl. His son recently graduated as a biochemist.

當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)，天已經(jīng)很晚了，一片漆黑。我不知道在哪里能找到他。我告訴自己要保持冷靜，然后開始走動(dòng)。不久，我感到一種力量在引導(dǎo)或指引著我。我就跟著它一直走，直到突然它在一個(gè)小木屋前停了下來。我敲門，沒人回答。我可沒走那么遠(yuǎn)就在這兒站著。于是我打開門走了進(jìn)去。一個(gè)家長(zhǎng)的噩夢(mèng)成真——地板上散落著伏特加和啤酒瓶，剩下的食物，一群乞丐正在打牌，而在混亂的中心就是我醉醺醺的兒子。我?guī)е@個(gè)年輕的流浪兒回家，心想要好好運(yùn)用心靈讀心術(shù)和其他各種力量來教育他。" 顯然，“力量”沒有讓卡爾失望。他的兒子最近以生物化學(xué)家的身份畢業(yè)。

In the early 1950s Karl was a Moscow journalist. He couldn’t write about the forbidden ESP, but whenever he got a chance he demonstrated it. “Great show”, people said of the “experiments” Nikolaiev did for private clubs and closed editorial groups. Only his formidable appearance kept them from laughing in his face when he patiently explained, “Telepathy is much more than a stunt. Telepathy could be important”.

1950年代初，卡爾是一名莫斯科記者。他不能寫關(guān)于被禁止的超感知現(xiàn)象，但只要有機(jī)會(huì)，他就會(huì)進(jìn)行演示?！皞ゴ蟮谋硌荨?，當(dāng)人們談?wù)撃峁爬驗(yàn)樗饺司銟凡亢烷]門編輯組織做的“實(shí)驗(yàn)”時(shí)，他們會(huì)這樣評(píng)價(jià)。只有他強(qiáng)大的外表讓他們不敢當(dāng)面嘲笑他，當(dāng)他耐心地解釋道：“心靈讀心術(shù)遠(yuǎn)不止是一種把戲。它可能很重要。”

The 1956 Soviet Encyclopedia still wrote, “Telepathy is an anti-social, idealistic fiction about man’s supernatural power to perceive phenomena which, considering the time and the place, cannot be perceived”.

1956年，蘇聯(lián)百科全書仍然寫道：“心靈讀心術(shù)是一種反社會(huì)的、理想主義的虛構(gòu)，關(guān)于人類超自然的感知現(xiàn)象，考慮到時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，這些現(xiàn)象是無法感知的?！?/p>

Then came Dr. Vasiliev’s revelations. Soviets finally found out their own scientists had run hundreds of successful tests with this “idealistic fiction”. As the shock waves receded, Karl, who’d trained like an Olympic athlete, stood ready.

然后是瓦西里耶夫博士的揭示。蘇聯(lián)人終于發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的科學(xué)家們對(duì)這種“理想主義虛構(gòu)”的成功測(cè)試進(jìn)行了數(shù)百次。隨著震驚的余波消退，像奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)員一樣接受了訓(xùn)練的卡爾已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了。

“Telepathy can’t exist!” wrote a very skeptical scientist in the Literary Gazette. Dr. Alexander Kitaigorodsky continued, “To transmit images from brain to brain requires some sort of electromagnetic waves. We’ve never found any such waves, so there is no such thing as telepathy”.

“心靈讀心術(shù)是不存在的！”一個(gè)非常懷疑的科學(xué)家在《文學(xué)公報(bào)》上寫道，“要傳送腦海中的圖像，需要某種電磁波。我們從未發(fā)現(xiàn)過任何這樣的波，所以心靈讀心術(shù)根本不存在?！?/p>

Karl didn’t take that lying down. Like Pushkin and many passionate Russians before him, he loved a duel. Karl strode into the offices of a rival magazine, Knowledge Is Power, and threw down the gauntlet. “I challenge Kitaigorodsky to a test!” he announced. “I will meet this professor wherever he wishes. We’ll test my telepathy. We’ll get to the truth of the matter”.

卡爾并未屈服。像普希金和許多熱情的俄羅斯人一樣，他喜歡挑戰(zhàn)?？栕哌M(jìn)了一家競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的雜志社《知識(shí)就是力量》，扔下了手套。“我向基塔戈羅茨基發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)！”他宣布：“我愿意在教授想要的任何地方與他會(huì)面。我們來測(cè)試我的心靈讀心術(shù)。我們要找到事情的真相。”

The professor took up the challenge. They set the day and time. The psychic duel was not to take place thirty paces apart in a snowy field, but inside a well-heated office. The “seconds” would be magazine editors and university scientists.

教授接受了挑戰(zhàn)。他們確定了日期和時(shí)間。心靈對(duì)決不是在一個(gè)積雪覆蓋的地方相距30步的距離內(nèi)進(jìn)行，而是在一個(gè)很好加熱的辦公室里。作為“見證人”的將是雜志編輯和大學(xué)科學(xué)家們。

During the psychic duel Karl showed what he could do. He even read Kitaigorodsky’s thoughts. The scientist’s ivory-tower convictions were skewered and dispatched. The shattered Kitaigorodsky declared in print, “We must study telepathy scientifically”.

在心靈對(duì)決中，卡爾展示了他的本領(lǐng)。他甚至讀取了基塔戈羅茨基的想法。這位科學(xué)家的象牙塔信念被刺穿并擊敗。被擊碎的基塔戈羅茨基在印刷品上宣稱：“我們必須科學(xué)地研究心靈讀心術(shù)。”

Moscow scientists soon did just that. The “Popov group”, the most vocal and best known psychic research center in the U.S.S.R., began a crash program on ESP in 1965. The “Popov group”, which Soviets will politely explain is really “The Bio-Information Section of the A. S. Popov All-Union Scientific and Technical Society of Radio Technology and Electrical Communications”, soon made the sturdy Nikolaiev their “resident psychic”.

莫斯科的科學(xué)家們很快就這樣做了。在1965年，蘇聯(lián)最熱心、最著名的超感知研究中心“波波夫小組”開始了對(duì)心靈讀心術(shù)的緊急計(jì)劃。這個(gè)“波波夫小組”，蘇聯(lián)人會(huì)禮貌地解釋說實(shí)際上是“波波夫全聯(lián)無線電技術(shù)與電信學(xué)會(huì)的生物信息部”，很快成為了穩(wěn)定的尼古拉耶夫的“駐場(chǎng)心靈讀心術(shù)師”。

After completing a whole series of basic telepathy experiments, the director of the Popov group, Dr. Ippolit Kogan, began to think maybe the methods of physicists could work with telepathy. Sub-atomic particles aren’t “visible” but physicists catch their tracks in cloud chambers. Telepathy isn’t visible to any instrument, but maybe they could catch the tracks of telepathy as it arrived in the brain. To do this Kogan had newly refined EEG equipment to record brain waves and a new way to mathematically analyze the graphs. He also had a fairly dependable telepathy source—the two rigorously trained telepathists, Nikolaiev and Yuri Kamensky.

完成了一系列基礎(chǔ)心靈讀心術(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)后，波波夫小組的負(fù)責(zé)人科甘博士開始思考，也許物理學(xué)家的方法可以用于心靈讀心術(shù)。亞原子粒子不“可見”，但物理學(xué)家可以在云室中捕獲它們的軌跡。心靈讀心術(shù)對(duì)任何儀器都不可見，但也許他們可以在大腦中捕獲心靈讀心術(shù)的軌跡。為了做到這一點(diǎn)，科甘博士擁有了新研制的腦電圖設(shè)備來記錄腦電波，并有了一種新的數(shù)學(xué)分析圖表的方法。他還有一個(gè)相當(dāng)可靠的心靈讀心術(shù)源——經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格訓(xùn)練的兩位心靈讀心術(shù)師，尼古拉耶夫和尤里·卡門斯基。

In March 1967 Karl, accompanied by Edward Naumov, then deputy chairman of the Popov group, boarded the Red Arrow Express for Leningrad where Nikolaiev hoped to pick up telepathic messages from Kamensky in Moscow. These two, Kamensky and Nikolaiev, are the Huntley-Brinkley of Soviet telepathy. They have anchored almost all the important tests of the 1960s, sending images, sounds, light flashes, and coded messages along their telepathic hookup.

1967年3月，卡爾與波波夫小組副主席愛德華·諾莫夫一起搭乘紅箭號(hào)快車前往列寧格勒，希望尼古拉耶夫可以從莫斯科的卡門斯基那里接收到心靈讀心術(shù)信息。這兩位，卡門斯基和尼古拉耶夫，是蘇聯(lián)心靈讀心術(shù)的亨特利-布林克利（Huntley-Brinkley）。他們幾乎參與了1960年代所有重要的測(cè)試，通過他們的心靈讀心術(shù)聯(lián)系發(fā)送圖像、聲音、閃光和編碼信息。

Aside from the telepathic pair, two other important people in Soviet psychology took part in this attempt to explore the mysteries of telepathy as it unfolds in body and brain. They are Dr. Lutsia Pavlova, electrophysiologist at the Physiology of Labor Laboratory at the University of Leningrad, and her better known colleague, the mathematician Dr. Genady Sergeyev of the A. A. Uktomskii Laboratory run by the Soviet military.

除了這兩位心靈讀心術(shù)師，蘇聯(lián)心理學(xué)中的另外兩位重要人物也參與了這次探索心靈讀心術(shù)在身體和大腦中的奧秘的嘗試。他們是列寧格勒大學(xué)勞動(dòng)生理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的電生理學(xué)家盧齊亞·帕夫洛娃博士和她更為著名的同事，蘇聯(lián)軍隊(duì)管理的A.A.烏克托姆斯基實(shí)驗(yàn)室的數(shù)學(xué)家格納迪·謝爾蓋耶夫博士。

Nikolaiev sat in a soundproof, isolated room bound up and wired to a lab full of monitoring machines. Outside in another section of the laboratory, Dr. Pavlova with Sergeyev and Naumov watched the graphs steadily recording Nikolaiev’s respiration, heartbeat, eye movements, muscle activity, and, most importantly, his brain waves.

尼古拉耶夫坐在一個(gè)隔音的孤立房間里，被束縛和連接到一個(gè)設(shè)備齊全的實(shí)驗(yàn)室中。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的另一部分，帕夫洛娃博士和謝爾蓋耶夫以及諾莫夫觀察著，記錄下尼古拉耶夫的呼吸、心跳、眼動(dòng)、肌肉活動(dòng)，最重要的是他的腦電波。

“I’m usually given about half an hour to get myself into the proper state of relaxation”. Nikolaiev comments. “I have to be completely relaxed, but attentive”. During this period his brain beamed a steady alpha rhythm, the pattern of rest.

“通常我有大約半小時(shí)的時(shí)間使自己進(jìn)入適當(dāng)?shù)姆潘蔂顟B(tài)?！蹦峁爬蛘f：“我必須完全放松，但保持警覺?！痹诖似陂g，他的大腦發(fā)射出穩(wěn)定的α節(jié)律，這是休息時(shí)的模式。

Dr. Pavlova had told her robust guinea pig, “If you feel anything unusual, anything not connected with your uncomfortable state and the electrodes pulling on your scalp, signal by squeezing your hand repeatedly”. These signals were electronically recorded outside. Later he would explain each signal. Was it telepathy he thought he felt, or not? This was all the information Nikolaiev was given. He had no idea when the telepathic messages from Kamensky would come. He didn’t know how many messages to expect. He didn’t know when the whole test would end.

帕夫洛娃博士告訴他的強(qiáng)壯的“豚鼠”：“如果你感覺到任何不尋常的東西，與你不舒服的狀態(tài)和頭皮上的電極無關(guān)的東西，請(qǐng)不停地用手?jǐn)D壓?！边@些信號(hào)在外部被電子記錄下來。之后他會(huì)解釋每個(gè)信號(hào)。他是否認(rèn)為自己感到了心靈讀心術(shù)？這就是尼古拉耶夫獲得的所有信息。他不知道卡門斯基的心靈讀心術(shù)信息什么時(shí)候會(huì)到來。他不知道會(huì)收到多少條信息。他不知道整個(gè)測(cè)試什么時(shí)候會(huì)結(jié)束。

The graphs hummed, the computers waited, the scientists waited. Isolated in a chamber in Moscow, Kamensky began his telepathic transmission. Abruptly, three seconds later, in a faraway room in Leningrad, Nikolaiev’s brain waves changed “drastically”!

圖表發(fā)出嗡嗡聲，計(jì)算機(jī)等待著，科學(xué)家們靜候著。在莫斯科的一個(gè)封閉室內(nèi)，卡門斯基開始了他的感應(yīng)傳輸。突然，三秒鐘后，在列寧格勒的一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)房間里，尼古拉耶夫的腦電波發(fā)生了“顯著”的變化！

The Soviets had caught the moment when telepathy lights up in the brain! If the evidence holds, this is no mean feat in the annals of psychic research. It’s a genuine breakthrough. The ramifications lead into far more exciting fields than simple proof of telepathy. But first of all, Drs. Pavlova and Sergeyev’s tapes are a new kind of proof, graphic and black and white. Here is evidence that something was happening between Nikolaiev and his partner four hundred miles away—call it telepathy or any other name. After all his determined struggling, Karl’s brain waves seemed to have won a battle for him. Other successful long-distance tests followed.

蘇聯(lián)人捕捉到了感應(yīng)在大腦中產(chǎn)生的時(shí)刻！如果證據(jù)成立，這在通靈研究史上絕對(duì)是一項(xiàng)了不起的成就。這是一個(gè)真正的突破。其影響將引領(lǐng)進(jìn)入比簡(jiǎn)單的通靈證明更令人興奮的領(lǐng)域。但首先，帕夫洛娃博士和謝爾蓋耶夫博士的磁帶是一種新型的證據(jù)，直觀而明確。這里有證據(jù)表明，尼古拉耶夫和400英里之外的他的伙伴之間發(fā)生了一些事情——無論是稱之為通靈還是其他任何名稱。經(jīng)過他堅(jiān)定不移的努力，卡爾的腦電波似乎為他贏得了一場(chǎng)勝利。接著進(jìn)行了其他成功的遠(yuǎn)距離測(cè)試。

The victory of the brain waves was a triumph for Dr. Sergeyev too. He devised important mathematical and statistical methods for analyzing the EEG which allowed the parapsychologists to catch the “tracks” of telepathy in the brain.

腦電波的勝利也是謝爾蓋耶夫博士的勝利。他設(shè)計(jì)了重要的數(shù)學(xué)和統(tǒng)計(jì)方法，用于分析腦電圖，從而使通靈研究者能夠在大腦中“追蹤”感應(yīng)的痕跡。

Dr. Pavlova commented cautiously in 1967 about their success in charting telepathy in the brain. “We need still more long-distance tests to come to completely definite conclusions. However, the results of our middle-distance tests, of which we’ve done a great many, are highly hopeful”.

帕夫洛娃博士在1967年謹(jǐn)慎地評(píng)論了他們?cè)诖竽X中繪制通靈的成功?！拔覀冞€需要進(jìn)行更多的遠(yuǎn)距離測(cè)試才能得出完全確切的結(jié)論。然而，我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了很多中距離測(cè)試，結(jié)果非常令人鼓舞?！?/p>

Dr. Kogan, referring to telepathy tests in which both sender and receiver are attached to the EEG, reports “the moment of thought transmission was found to be marked by drastic changes on the EEG tapes of each”.

科根博士提到了那些在發(fā)送者和接收者都與腦電圖相連的通靈測(cè)試，“在思維傳輸?shù)乃查g，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每個(gè)人的腦電圖上都出現(xiàn)了顯著的變化”。

What happens in Nikolaiev’s brain during telepathy? Summarizing an extended series of EEG sessions (both long-distance tests and many more middle-distance tests with Kamensky and Nikolaiev in shielded chambers, two rooms apart), Dr. Pavlova reported: “We detected this unusual activation of the brain within one to five seconds after the beginning of telepathic transmission. We always detected it a few seconds before Nikolaiev was consciously aware of receiving a telepathic message. At first, there is a general nonspecific activation in the front and mid (motor-logical) sections of the brain. If Nikolaiev is going to get the telepathic message consciously, the brain activation quickly becomes specific and switches to the rear, afferent regions of the brain. This specific pattern remains clear on the graphs for some time after the transmission ends”.

在尼古拉耶夫的大腦中，通靈時(shí)到底發(fā)生了什么？帕夫洛娃博士總結(jié)了一系列腦電圖會(huì)話（包括遠(yuǎn)距離測(cè)試和更多的中距離測(cè)試，其中卡門斯基和尼古拉耶夫分別在隔離室中，相距兩個(gè)房間）。帕夫洛娃博士說：“在感應(yīng)傳輸開始后的一到五秒內(nèi)，我們探測(cè)到了大腦的不尋常活動(dòng)。我們總是在尼古拉耶夫有意識(shí)地接收到通靈信息之前幾秒鐘就探測(cè)到這種活動(dòng)。起初，大腦的前部和中部（運(yùn)動(dòng)邏輯）部分會(huì)產(chǎn)生普遍的非特異性激活。如果尼古拉耶夫打算有意識(shí)地接收通靈信息，大腦的激活很快會(huì)變得特異性，并轉(zhuǎn)移到大腦的后部傳入?yún)^(qū)域。這種特定模式在傳輸結(jié)束后在圖表上保持清晰一段時(shí)間?！?/p>

Telepathy in your brain seems to move in specific directions. Just where activity focuses in the brain depends, according to the Soviet researchers, on what kind of message is being sent. In Moscow Kamensky concentrated on an empty Yava cigarette box. Karl in Leningrad noted, “Something that appears like cigarettes. It is the lid, inside it is empty. The surface is not cold . . . it’s cardboard”.

你的大腦中的通靈似乎在特定方向上運(yùn)作。根據(jù)蘇聯(lián)研究人員的說法，大腦中的活動(dòng)重點(diǎn)取決于正在發(fā)送的信息類型。在莫斯科，卡門斯基專注于一個(gè)空的雅娃香煙盒。在列寧格勒，卡爾注意到：“看起來像香煙。是蓋子，里面是空的。表面不冷...是紙板”。

Before he consciously received the image of the cigarette box, the activity in Nikolaiev’s brain apparently localized in the back occipital region—in the area normally involved with sight. Significantly, when Kamensky telepathically conveyed sound, like a series of buzzes and whistles, the activity in Nikolaiev’s brain localized in the temporal section—the area normally involved with sound.

在他有意識(shí)地接收到香煙盒圖像之前，尼古拉耶夫的大腦活動(dòng)顯然集中在后枕部——通常與視覺有關(guān)的區(qū)域。值得注意的是，當(dāng)卡門斯基通過通靈傳遞聲音，如一系列嗡嗡聲和口哨聲時(shí)，尼古拉耶夫的大腦活動(dòng)集中在顳部——通常與聽覺有關(guān)的區(qū)域。

Dr. Pavlova has some intriguing observations from her extensive EEG work. “It is extremely important for the receiver to be in a peaceful state. Man is not normally capable of maintaining this state of ‘operative rest’ for an extremely long time, free of involuntary motion, distracting thought”. But the Soviets insist, “You can be trained to develop this meditative state necessary for telepathic success”.

帕夫洛娃博士通過她的大量腦電圖工作得出了一些有趣的觀察結(jié)果?！皩?duì)于接收者來說，保持平和的狀態(tài)非常重要。人們通常不能在極長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)保持這種‘操作性休息’狀態(tài)，不受強(qiáng)制運(yùn)動(dòng)和干擾思維的干擾。”但蘇聯(lián)人堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，“你可以接受培訓(xùn)，培養(yǎng)這種對(duì)通靈成功所必需的冥想狀態(tài)”。

Dr. Milan Ryzl, a biochemist from Prague now living in the United States, is one of the few outside scientists to discuss with the Pavlova-Sergeyev-Naumov team their various EEG experiments. “Using the EEG, they have made important discoveries in the field of ESP”, Ryzl says. “These Soviet findings could bring us a long way forward in the control of ESP”.

米蘭·里茲爾博士，一位來自布拉格的生物化學(xué)家，現(xiàn)在住在美國(guó)，是少數(shù)幾位與帕夫洛娃-謝爾蓋耶夫-納烏莫夫團(tuán)隊(duì)討論他們的各種腦電圖實(shí)驗(yàn)的外部科學(xué)家之一?！八麄兪褂媚X電圖取得了通靈領(lǐng)域的重要發(fā)現(xiàn)，”里茲爾說?！斑@些蘇聯(lián)的研究結(jié)果可能會(huì)在控制超感知能力方面使我們邁出很大的一步”。

Apart from training in the lab, has Karl done anything to refine his telepathic prowess since the days of “turn left, turn right”?

除了在實(shí)驗(yàn)室接受培訓(xùn)外，自從“左轉(zhuǎn)，右轉(zhuǎn)”的日子以來，卡爾是否做過任何事情來提升他的通靈技能？

“Have you heard of yoga?” he asked us. If we hadn’t, we would have, because the two scientists who showed up that night with Karl had a portfolio of home-developed photos, featuring a thin young man in a lovely, tortuous alphabet of yoga positions.

“你聽說過瑜伽嗎？”他問我們。如果我們沒有聽說過，我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道了，因?yàn)槟翘焱砩虾涂栆黄饋淼膬晌豢茖W(xué)家?guī)е槐炯抑频南鄡?cè)，上面是一個(gè)苗條的年輕人在各種令人愉快而扭曲的瑜伽姿勢(shì)中。

“I don’t do the exercises”, Karl patted his solid self. (He would make a very abundant lotus.) “But I’ve studied the philosophy, Raja yoga, and in particular the breathing exercises. I’ve done them for eleven years. They’ve given me much finer control of my body and myself . . . and taught me a lot of other things too. Did you know that Stanislavsky developed his famous acting methods through a study of yoga? He believed an actor must be able to eliminate all muscular tensions just before going on-stage. Stanislavsky thought that tensions or ‘clamps’ on the nerves blocked real freedom of motion and expression”.

“我不做那些練習(xí)，”卡爾拍拍自己結(jié)實(shí)的身體。（他會(huì)是一個(gè)非常豐盈的蓮花。）“但我研究了哲學(xué)，研究了尼加拉瑜伽，特別是呼吸練習(xí)。我已經(jīng)做了十一個(gè)年頭了。這些練習(xí)讓我對(duì)自己的身體和自我有了更好的控制...也教會(huì)了我很多其他的東西。你知道斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基通過研究瑜伽而發(fā)展出了他著名的表演方法嗎？他認(rèn)為演員必須在上臺(tái)前能夠消除所有肌肉的緊張。斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基認(rèn)為神經(jīng)上的張力或‘夾子’會(huì)阻礙真正的自由運(yùn)動(dòng)和表達(dá)。”

To find out more about different states of consciousness, Soviets arranged with the Indian government in the early sixties to bring yogis to Russia to be studied in the lab.

為了更多地了解不同意識(shí)狀態(tài)，蘇聯(lián)人在60年代初與印度政府達(dá)成協(xié)議，將瑜伽師帶到俄羅斯進(jìn)行研究。

Moving back to telepathy again, Karl went on, “We need more tests with the machines. And we’re going to have them. We’ve got to prove telepathy subjectively and objectively. Some people are never going to believe it when I say I am getting something telepathically. They don’t want to believe it. And I’m not always right”. He paused to light another cigarette.

回到通靈話題，卡爾繼續(xù)說：“我們需要用機(jī)器進(jìn)行更多測(cè)試。而且我們將繼續(xù)測(cè)試。我們必須在主觀和客觀上證明通靈。有些人永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)相信，當(dāng)我說我通過通靈接收到某些東西時(shí)。他們不想相信。而且我并不總是正確的?！彼ｎD了一下，點(diǎn)燃了一支香煙。

Some psychics seem to be many people in one. Like a subliminal flicker, you can almost glimpse other voices, other faces. Nikolaiev always seemed to be Nikolaiev, even though his activities—photographer, actor, car enthusiast, writer—are broad enough for a group of people. Karl’s articles still appear in prominent magazines. At that moment, however, his attention was on telepathy.

有些通靈者似乎是多重人格。就像一個(gè)潛意識(shí)的閃現(xiàn)，你幾乎可以瞥見其他聲音、其他面孔。尼古拉耶夫似乎總是尼古拉耶夫，即使他的活動(dòng)——攝影師、演員、汽車愛好者、作家——足夠多樣化，可以容納一個(gè)團(tuán)體的人?？柕奈恼氯匀怀霈F(xiàn)在著名雜志上。然而，在那一刻，他的注意力集中在通靈上。

“There can be so many problems in regular experiments. Once I was even told that I must get five out of ten images right or they’d report I failed, that I had no psychic ability. What if I received only two telepathically, or one?” His unremitting blue eyes flashed. “Why is that not a success when I’m miles away?”

“在常規(guī)實(shí)驗(yàn)中可能會(huì)有很多問題。有一次，我甚至被告知我必須在十個(gè)圖像中猜對(duì)五個(gè)，否則他們就會(huì)宣布我失敗，認(rèn)為我沒有超感知能力。如果我只通過通靈接收到兩個(gè)，或者只有一個(gè)，那怎么辦？”他不懈地藍(lán)眼睛閃爍。“為什么在我離得很遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)候，這不算成功呢？”

Nikolaiev came over with conviction. But it was a sociable forcefulness, not the all-stops-out eloquence of his speech at the conference. Our conference had already been affected by political machinations entering psi research; and only a few weeks before. Karl had been enticed by the Literary Gazette into what he now believed to be an unfairly rigged test.

尼古拉耶夫堅(jiān)定地表達(dá)了自己的信念。但這是一種友好的力量，而不是在會(huì)議上發(fā)表演講時(shí)那種高聲、激昂的演說。我們的會(huì)議已經(jīng)受到政治操縱的影響，已經(jīng)過去了幾周?？柋弧段膶W(xué)報(bào)》引誘參加了一項(xiàng)他現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為是不公平的測(cè)試。

Thick powerful forearms resting on the lectern, Nikolaiev began. He was there, he said, as a private person, representing no one but himself. And for himself, he was tired of all the senseless attacks on ESP. He was tired of the people who’d never spent an hour studying the field being quoted as experts. He was tired, in short, of all the mucking about in what he considered a fragile new field that could be and should be a great benefit to all people.

尼古拉耶夫雙臂厚實(shí)有力地靠在講臺(tái)上。他說，他來這里是作為一個(gè)私人人物，代表的只有他自己。至于他自己，他已經(jīng)厭倦了對(duì)超感知能力的無謂攻擊。他已經(jīng)厭倦了那些從未花費(fèi)一小時(shí)研究這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的人被引用為專家?？傊呀?jīng)厭倦了在他認(rèn)為是一個(gè)脆弱的新領(lǐng)域里胡亂摸索。

Nikolaiev’s delivery sounded very much like that of the Russian poet Voznesensky hammering home his rich, angry lines. It is a ringing, thumping, Shakespearean-Churchillian kind of rhetoric that doesn’t make it anymore in English. But this uncool blend of emotion and intellect still pervades the real Russian speech even among the scientists.

尼古拉耶夫的演講聽起來非常像俄羅斯詩(shī)人沃茲涅辛斯基，他用富有激情、憤怒的詩(shī)句強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的觀點(diǎn)。這是一種鏗鏘有力、帶有莎士比亞和丘吉爾式修辭風(fēng)格的演講，在英語中已不再普遍。但這種情感與智慧的結(jié)合仍然在真正的俄羅斯語言中普遍存在，即使在科學(xué)家中也是如此。

We met a woman in Leningrad who had psychic talents too. She said of Karl Nikolaiev, “I don’t know him, but he’s fighting battles for me. By getting the scientists to test telepathy, he’s helping prove that I’m not unbalanced, that I am not a fairytale witch. That’s what people said about me”.

我們?cè)诹袑幐窭沼龅搅艘晃灰矒碛谐兄熨x的女性。她談起卡爾·尼古拉耶夫時(shí)說：“我不認(rèn)識(shí)他，但他為我打了很多戰(zhàn)。通過讓科學(xué)家測(cè)試通靈，他幫助證明了我不是失去理智，不是一個(gè)童話中的女巫。人們過去常常這樣評(píng)價(jià)我?！?/p>

The Soviets have moved inside the psychic. This move is just beginning to banish the witch hunt aspects of the scholarly study of psychics. Now, with the telltale machines, mediums may not have to be searched, to be trussed like battlefront prisoners, to endure having their mouths stuffed with marbles and penknives pried under their fingernails—all of which has befallen well-known people with Nikolaiev’s sort of talent in this century.

蘇聯(lián)人已經(jīng)深入到超感知領(lǐng)域。這一舉措剛剛開始消除學(xué)者研究超感知時(shí)的巫術(shù)狩獵成分?，F(xiàn)在，借助顯示腦電波的儀器，通靈者可能不再需要被搜尋，也不需要像戰(zhàn)地俘虜一樣被束縛，也不需要忍受嘴巴塞滿彈珠、手指鉆進(jìn)指甲之下的折磨——這些在本世紀(jì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生在那些像尼古拉耶夫一樣具有這種天賦的知名人物身上。

For partisans in the old dualistic debate, the EEG work is no help. It doesn’t answer the question, “Is ESP a material phenomenon or a spiritual one?” It doesn’t tell what telepathy is or anything about the nature of reality that permits ESP. It simply unravels the physiology of the receiver, or as the Russians call him, the percipient. It makes the Soviet word for ESP, “bio-information”, more understandable.

對(duì)于舊的二元論爭(zhēng)議中的支持者來說，腦電圖研究并沒有提供幫助。它并不能回答問題，“超感知（ESP）是一種物質(zhì)現(xiàn)象還是一種靈性現(xiàn)象？”它也沒有揭示心靈感應(yīng)是什么，或者關(guān)于允許超感知存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)本質(zhì)的任何信息。它只是揭示了接收者（或俄羅斯人稱之為“接收者”）的生理情況。這使得蘇聯(lián)對(duì)ESP的稱呼“生物信息”更容易理解。

The meeting of EEG and ESP has opened new vistas. “Why can’t science”, one Soviet speculated, “l(fā)earn to artificially stimulate certain patterns in the brain and turn a person into a more reliable telepathic receiver? Perhaps we can make a medium the way we make a properly circuited radio”.

腦電圖與超感知的結(jié)合打開了新的視野。“為什么科學(xué)不能學(xué)會(huì)人工地刺激大腦中的某些模式，將一個(gè)人變成更可靠的心靈感應(yīng)接收者呢？也許我們可以像制造一個(gè)合理電路的收音機(jī)一樣制造一個(gè)媒介。”一個(gè)蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)家推測(cè)道。

Dr. Pavlova suggested. “We could make an automatic tuning device for Nikolaiev. A signal would tell him when telepathy first showed in his brain. He could then try to focus his attention and get the messages which reach his unconscious but which he sometimes misses”.

帕夫洛娃博士提議道：“我們可以為尼古拉耶夫制造一個(gè)自動(dòng)調(diào)諧裝置。一個(gè)信號(hào)會(huì)告訴他何時(shí)在他的大腦中首次出現(xiàn)心靈感應(yīng)。然后他可以努力集中注意力，獲得他潛意識(shí)中接收到的信息，而這些信息有時(shí)會(huì)被他忽略。”

Dr. Pavlova has done more than speculate. The scientists have led Karl into a strange frontier land where he has gone through a batch of bizarre but highly significant experiences. They’ve used the very much alive Nikolaiev as if he were a component of a machine in their attempts to develop a telepathic code system for use in outer space. Like his college friends, but for much less light-hearted reasons, they’ve tried to control and guide Karl’s movements with mind power alone. They’ve attempted to affect his body processes, to see if they could make him sick—with telepathy.

帕夫洛娃博士的猜測(cè)不僅僅是空想?？茖W(xué)家們帶領(lǐng)卡爾進(jìn)入了一個(gè)奇怪的前沿領(lǐng)域，在這里他經(jīng)歷了一系列離奇而又非常重要的經(jīng)歷。他們將仍然活著的尼古拉耶夫當(dāng)作機(jī)器的一個(gè)組件，試圖開發(fā)一種用于外層空間的心靈感應(yīng)編碼系統(tǒng)。和他的大學(xué)朋友們一樣，盡管動(dòng)機(jī)遠(yuǎn)非那么輕松，他們?cè)噲D僅憑心靈力量來控制和指導(dǎo)卡爾的動(dòng)作。他們?cè)噲D影響他的身體過程，看看是否可以用心靈感應(yīng)讓他生病。

The experiences of Nikolaiev run through much of the telepathy exploration in this book. What happened to him sounds like a cross between science fiction and voodoo. But it isn’t. Backed by sophisticated machinery and mathematical theories, the Soviets are trying to lay bare some of the strange powers of man that have often been whispered about, but have never been tracked down under the bright lights of the laboratories. Karl always said, “Telepathy could be important”. When he came home from the war to Moscow in 1945, he probably couldn’t have guessed just what that “important” would mean in the 1960s.

尼古拉耶夫的經(jīng)歷貫穿了本書中許多有關(guān)心靈感應(yīng)的探索內(nèi)容。他所經(jīng)歷的聽起來像是科幻小說和巫術(shù)的結(jié)合，但事實(shí)并非如此。在復(fù)雜的儀器和數(shù)學(xué)理論支持下，蘇聯(lián)人正試圖揭示出關(guān)于人類奇異能力的一些神秘面，這些能力經(jīng)常在暗中傳說，但從未在明亮的實(shí)驗(yàn)室燈光下得到證實(shí)?？柨偸钦f：“心靈感應(yīng)可能很重要?！碑?dāng)他于1945年從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)回到莫斯科時(shí)，他可能無法猜測(cè)在1960年代，“重要”意味著什么。

Nor could he have guessed that in March 1967, he’d be called to a somber government hall. The Ministry of Communication of the U.S.S.R. had asked the parapsychologists to report on their brand of communication, telepathy. In particular, Sergeyev explained his new method of analyzing the EEG. Then Nikolaiev joined Kamensky onstage for a “command” performance.

他也無法猜到在1967年3月，他會(huì)被召集到一個(gè)莊重的政府大廳。蘇聯(lián)通信部請(qǐng)求靈異心理學(xué)家就他們的通信方式——心靈感應(yīng)——作報(bào)告。特別是，謝爾蓋耶夫解釋了他的新方法來分析腦電圖。然后尼古拉耶夫與卡門斯基一起登臺(tái)進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)“指揮”表演。

Kamensky hoped to send him an object chosen by the ministry deputies. Nikolaiev sat on the far edge of the platform, his back to Kamensky. The officials heard Nikolaiev say, “Small, glazed surface, brownish color . . . pointed ends”. They asked him to open a container holding a penholder, chalk, a coat check, a piece of Mishka candy, and a flower. “Choose the object Kamensky sent you”. Nikolaiev picked up the tan, pointy-edged piece of candy.

卡門斯基希望派人送給他一件由部長(zhǎng)代表挑選的物品。尼古拉耶夫坐在平臺(tái)的遠(yuǎn)端，背對(duì)著卡門斯基。官員們聽到尼古拉耶夫說：“小小的，帶釉的表面，棕色的……尖端?！彼麄冋?qǐng)他打開一個(gè)容器，里面有一個(gè)筆筒、一塊粉筆、一張衣物檢票、一塊米什卡糖和一朵花。“選擇卡門斯基送給你的物品。”尼古拉耶夫拿起了一塊棕色、尖端的米什卡糖。

The accurate Nikolaiev came up a crowd pleaser on this and other “demonstrations”. His story isn’t quite a Horatio Alger tale. If it were, he’d be the head of a new ministry of telepathy. Still, he and telepathy had come a long way since the tolerant girl mentally told the teen-age Nikolaiev to “pick up the pitcher”.

準(zhǔn)確的尼古拉耶夫在這個(gè)和其他的“演示”中贏得了眾人的喝彩。他的故事并不完全是一個(gè)霍雷肖·阿爾杰式的故事。如果是的話，他現(xiàn)在可能是一個(gè)新的心靈感應(yīng)部的負(fù)責(zé)人了。盡管如此，他和心靈感應(yīng)已經(jīng)走過了一段很長(zhǎng)的路程，自從那位心地善良的女孩在心靈上告訴十幾歲的尼古拉耶夫“撿起水壺”的那一刻起。

We asked him the movie magazine question. “Are you happy? Why did you do all this, why did you struggle so hard to become a telepathist?”

我們問他一個(gè)像在電影雜志上常問的問題：“你快樂嗎？為什么要做這一切，為什么要為成為一名心靈感應(yīng)者而奮斗得如此艱辛？”

“Why! For what!” Nikolaiev leaned forward and one sensed a sort of heraldic thunder rumbling up in him. “Why, to be more. What else is life for? To develop all your possibilities. That is happiness, to love what you’re doing, to keep expanding, to keep turning into something more”.

“為什么！為了什么！”尼古拉耶夫向前傾身，感覺得到一種宣告般的雷鳴在他體內(nèi)隆隆作響?！盀榱烁?。生活還有什么意義？發(fā)展你所有的可能性。那才是幸福，愛上你正在做的事情，不斷成長(zhǎng)，不斷變得更好?！?/p>

His two friends and Naumov began telling us about it too. “We’re on the threshold . . . undreamed-of talents . . . expansion, realization, soul . . . now!” What would have sounded Pollyanna in New York crackled around us like heat lightning in the humid Moscow night. (“Soul” talk is pretty common in Russia. They seem to worry over their souls like so many subway-riding Dostoevskys.)

他的兩個(gè)朋友和努莫夫也向我們講述了這件事?！拔覀冋幵陂T檻上……不可思議的才能……擴(kuò)展、實(shí)現(xiàn)、靈魂……現(xiàn)在！”在潮濕的莫斯科夜晚，這種對(duì)“靈魂”的談?wù)撛谖覀兩磉呄袷且箍罩虚W爍的閃電。

Settling earthward, our Soviet friends reiterated a theme we found common in the Communist countries. Psychic power may have the widest possible use. Probably, they said, psychic powers can one day be integrated into the personality and used like a real sixth sense.

在我們的蘇聯(lián)朋友的堅(jiān)持下，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)主題在共產(chǎn)主義國(guó)家很普遍。心靈力量可能有最廣泛的用途。他們說，心靈力量有一天或許可以融入人的個(gè)性，像真正的第六感一樣使用。

“The psychic sense has helped me in so many ways”, Karl said. “It’s made me a better actor. I find it easier now to get into the lives of people I play. I tune in better to other actors and am more sensitive to the audiences. Probably all artists use this power but don’t realize what it is. But it doesn’t have to be just a power for artists”, Karl said and reiterated, “Anyone can learn to develop psychic talent”. Karl emphasized that his family and friends are proud of his ESP talent and don’t think of it as anything strange or weird.

“心靈感應(yīng)在很多方面都幫助了我，”卡爾說?！八屛页蔀橐粋€(gè)更好的演員?，F(xiàn)在我更容易融入我所扮演的角色的生活。我更能理解其他演員，并且對(duì)觀眾更加敏感。也許所有的藝術(shù)家都在使用這種力量，只是他們沒有意識(shí)到是什么。但它不僅僅是藝術(shù)家的力量，”卡爾強(qiáng)調(diào)說，“任何人都可以學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)展心靈感應(yīng)的才能?！笨枏?qiáng)調(diào)他的家人和朋友對(duì)他的超感官能力感到自豪，不認(rèn)為這是什么奇怪或怪異的事情。

Remembering that the Soviet parapsychologists are interested in everything about a psychic, even the incidence of sunspots at his birth, we asked Karl when he was born. “May 18, 1926”.

考慮到蘇聯(lián)的超心理學(xué)家對(duì)心靈感應(yīng)者的一切都感興趣，甚至包括他們出生時(shí)的太陽黑子的發(fā)生率，我們問卡爾他的出生日期?！?926年5月18日”。

Over here he’d be an astrologer’s darling. If you’ve read even the most wobbly astrological pamphlets, you know that Nikolaiev is a fine specimen of the evolved Taurus. As a fortune-telling weight machine might put it, “You have bull-like good looks and dogged determination. You have a fine voice. (Karl’s brings visions of deep-toned, highly polished wood instruments.) You are gregarious and love company. You are fond of children. (Karl adopted his son from a war orphanage.) You have full appetites and passions”.

在這里，他將是占星術(shù)士的寵兒。如果你曾經(jīng)讀過最靠不住的占星傳單，你會(huì)知道尼古拉耶夫是進(jìn)化后的金牛座的典型代表。用一臺(tái)算命稱重機(jī)的話來說，“你擁有牛一般的好外貌和頑強(qiáng)的決心。你有一副好聲音。（卡爾的聲音讓人想起深色的拋光木樂器。）你喜歡交際，喜歡與人為伍。你喜歡孩子。（卡爾從一個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)孤兒院收養(yǎng)了他的兒子。）你擁有豐富的食欲和激情?！?/p>

With his passion “to be more”, Karl Nikolaiev is the full-blooded embodiment of the bright side of Soviet parapsychology. His determination to prove telepathy and to keep on proving it has carried him into a strange world of brain waves and space-age tests that we were just beginning to learn more about.

對(duì)于追求“更多”的激情，卡爾·尼古拉耶夫是蘇聯(lián)超心理學(xué)亮面的完美體現(xiàn)。他證明心靈感應(yīng)，并堅(jiān)持繼續(xù)證明它，已經(jīng)讓他踏上了一個(gè)我們剛剛開始更多了解的大腦波和太空時(shí)代測(cè)試的奇異世界。