聲明：本專欄主要對生命科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的一些期刊文章標(biāo)題進行翻譯，所有內(nèi)容均由本人手工整理翻譯。由于本人專業(yè)為生物分析相關(guān)，其他領(lǐng)域如果出現(xiàn)翻譯錯誤請諒解。

1.Synthetic methylotroph. Methanol is an attractive non-conventional carbon source for microbial fermentation. However, while industrial microbial hosts have been shown to be able to use this carbon feedstock for biosynthesis, they usually still required sugar substrates for growth. Here, Jens Nielsen, Jay D. Keasling, Yun Chen, Zhonghu Bai and colleagues report the successful construction of a synthetic methylotrophic yeast which can grow in minimal medium with methanol as the sole carbon source.

合成甲基營養(yǎng)菌。甲醇是微生物發(fā)酵的一種有吸引力的非常規(guī)碳源。然而，雖然工業(yè)微生物宿主已被證明能夠使用這種碳原料進行生物合成，但它們通常仍然需要糖底物才能生長。 Jens Nielsen、Jay D. Keasling、Yun Chen、Zhonghu Bai 及其同事在此報告了一種合成甲基營養(yǎng)酵母的成功構(gòu)建，該酵母可以在以甲醇為唯一碳源的基本培養(yǎng)基中生長。

2.Three-dimensional nanoimaging of fuel cell catalyst layers.

燃料電池催化劑層的三維納米成像。

3.Blocking the sulfonate group in Nafion to unlock platinum’s activity in membrane electrode assemblies.

阻斷 Nafion 中的磺酸基團以釋放鉑在膜電極組件中的活性。

4.Ultralow overpotential nitrate reduction to ammonia via a three-step relay mechanism.

通過三步繼電器機制將硝酸鹽超低過電位還原為氨。

5.Iron-only Fe-nitrogenase underscores common catalytic principles in biological nitrogen fixation.

純鐵鐵固氮酶強調(diào)了生物固氮中的常見催化原理。

6.Enhanced activity for the oxygen reduction reaction in microporous water.

增強微孔水中氧還原反應(yīng)的活性。

7.Reprogramming methanol utilization pathways to convert Saccharomyces cerevisiae to a synthetic methylotroph.

重新編程甲醇利用途徑，將釀酒酵母轉(zhuǎn)化為合成甲基營養(yǎng)菌。

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1.Solid solutions. In their work, Miao Zhong and colleagues report a gold catalyst supported on a Ce0.95 Ru0.05O2 solid solution capable of promoting the efficient methanation of CO2 through a photothermal effect, bypassing the need for external heating.

固體解決方案。在他們的工作中，Miaozhong 及其同事報告了一種負載在 Ce0.95 Ru0.05O2 固溶體上的金催化劑，能夠通過光熱效應(yīng)促進 CO2 的有效甲烷化，從而無需外部加熱。

2.Artificial spherical chromatophore nanomicelles for selective CO2 reduction in water.

用于選擇性還原水中二氧化碳的人造球形色素納米膠束。

3.A pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-dependent Mannich cyclase.

吡哆醛 5'-磷酸依賴性曼尼希環(huán)化酶。

4.Nickel-catalysed enantioselective hydrosulfenation of alkynes.

鎳催化的炔烴對映選擇性氫磺化。

5.Zeolites as equilibrium-shifting agents in shuttle catalysis.

沸石作為穿梭催化中的平衡移動劑。

6.Germanium-enriched double-four-membered-ring units inducing zeolite-confined subnanometric Pt clusters for efficient propane dehydrogenation.

富鍺雙四元環(huán)單元誘導(dǎo)沸石限制的亞納米 Pt 簇，用于有效的丙烷脫氫。

7.Light-driven CO2 methanation over Au-grafted Ce0.95Ru0.05O2 solid-solution catalysts with activities approaching the thermodynamic limit.

Au 接枝 Ce0.95Ru0.05O2 固溶體催化劑上的光驅(qū)動 CO2 甲烷化反應(yīng)活性接近熱力學(xué)極限。

8.Molecular basis for carrier protein-dependent amide bond formation in the biosynthesis of lincosamide antibiotics.

林可酰胺抗生素生物合成中載體蛋白依賴性酰胺鍵形成的分子基礎(chǔ)。

9.Methyl formate as a hydrogen energy carrier.

甲酸甲酯作為氫能載體。

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1.Asymmetric radical cyclases. Stereocontrolled free-radical-mediated reactions are notoriously challenging. Now, Peng Liu, Yang Yang and colleagues report the directed evolution of cytochrome P450 enzymes for the asymmetric radical cyclization of α-haloesters to arenes. Complementary P450 radical cyclases are obtained allowing access to both enantiomeric products.

不對稱自由基環(huán)化酶。立體控制的自由基介導(dǎo)的反應(yīng)是出了名的具有挑戰(zhàn)性?，F(xiàn)在，Peng Liu、Yang Yang 及其同事報告了細胞色素 P450 酶的定向進化，用于將 α-鹵代酯不對稱自由基環(huán)化為芳烴。獲得互補的 P450 自由基環(huán)化酶，允許獲得兩種對映體產(chǎn)物。

2.Catalytic pyrolysis as a platform technology for supporting the circular carbon economy.

催化熱解作為支持循環(huán)碳經(jīng)濟的平臺技術(shù)。

3.Photocatalytic sacrificial H2 evolution dominated by micropore-confined exciton transfer in hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks.

光催化犧牲 H2 演化主要由氫鍵有機骨架中的微孔限制激子轉(zhuǎn)移主導(dǎo)。

4.Selective production of ethylene glycol at high rate via cascade catalysis.

通過級聯(lián)催化高速率選擇性生產(chǎn)乙二醇。

5.Active-site isolation in intermetallics enables precise identification of elementary reaction kinetics during olefin hydrogenation.

金屬間化合物中的活性位點隔離可以精確識別烯烴加氫過程中的基本反應(yīng)動力學(xué)。

6.Engineered cytochrome P450 for direct arylalkene-to-ketone oxidation via highly reactive carbocation intermediates.

工程化細胞色素 P450，可通過高反應(yīng)性碳陽離子中間體將芳基烯烴直接氧化為酮。

7.Dynamic and reversible transformations of subnanometre-sized palladium on ceria for efficient methane removal.

亞納米級鈀在二氧化鈰上的動態(tài)和可逆轉(zhuǎn)化可有效去除甲烷。

8.Enzyme-controlled stereoselective radical cyclization to arenes enabled by metalloredox biocatalysis.

通過金屬氧化還原生物催化實現(xiàn)酶控制的立體選擇性自由基環(huán)化為芳烴。

9.Enzymatic catalysis favours eight-membered over five-membered ring closure in bicyclomycin biosynthesis.

在雙環(huán)霉素生物合成中，酶催化有利于八元環(huán)閉合而不是五元環(huán)閉合。

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1.Dual prodrugs strategy. Metabolic inactivation of drugs is a frequent problem. Now, Xiaogang Qu and colleagues present a catalytic hydrogen-bonded organic framework which acts as a carrier for masked bioactive substances. Not only does it activate the prodrug in cancer cells, but it also simultaneously synthesizes an enzyme inhibitor to prevent the metabolic inactivation of the in situ-generated chemotherapy agent.

雙重前藥策略。藥物的代謝失活是一個常見的問題?，F(xiàn)在，曲曉剛及其同事提出了一種催化氫鍵有機框架，可作為隱藏生物活性物質(zhì)的載體。它不僅激活癌細胞中的前藥，還同時合成酶抑制劑以防止原位產(chǎn)生的化療藥物代謝失活。

2.Best practices for experiments and reporting in photocatalytic CO2 reduction.

光催化二氧化碳減排實驗和報告的最佳實踐。

3.Activation of light alkanes at room temperature and ambient pressure.

在室溫和環(huán)境壓力下輕質(zhì)烷烴的活化。

4.Revealing in-plane movement of platinum in polymer electrolyte fuel cells after heavy-duty vehicle lifetime.

揭示重型車輛壽命結(jié)束后聚合物電解質(zhì)燃料電池中鉑的平面內(nèi)移動。

5.Photoenzymatic enantioselective intermolecular radical hydroamination.

光酶對映選擇性分子間自由基氫胺化。

6.Structure and engineering of miniature Acidibacillus sulfuroxidans Cas12f1.

微型氧化硫酸桿菌Cas12f1的結(jié)構(gòu)和工程。

7.The role of surface hydroxyls in the entropy-driven adsorption and spillover of H2 on Au/TiO2 catalysts.

表面羥基在 Au/TiO2 催化劑上熵驅(qū)動的 H2 吸附和溢出中的作用。

8.Spiro-salen catalysts enable the chemical synthesis of stereoregular polyhydroxyalkanoates.

螺-salen 催化劑能夠化學(xué)合成有規(guī)立構(gòu)聚羥基脂肪酸酯。

9.Hydrogen-bonded organic framework-based bioorthogonal catalysis prevents drug metabolic inactivation.

基于氫鍵有機框架的生物正交催化可防止藥物代謝失活。