Younger adults are biggest spreaders of Covid-19 - Study

Friday, February 5, 2021 - 01:00

Print Edition? World?

A new study suggests that the biggest spreaders of coronavirus are adults aged 20 to 49, but that doesn’t mean they should be pushed to the head of the vaccine line, experts say.

一項新的研究顯示新冠疫情的最大傳播者是20-49歲的成年人。但專家表示這并不意味著這些人應該被放在最前面接受疫苗注射。

A research team at Imperial College in London used cell phone location data covering more than 10 million people and publicly available information on the spread of the virus to calculate which age groups were most responsible for the spread of the virus across most of the US.

倫敦帝國理工學院(Imperial College in London)的一個研究小組利用覆蓋1000多萬人的手機定位數(shù)據(jù)和病毒傳播的公開信息，計算出哪個年齡段的人對美國大部分地區(qū)的病毒傳播負有最大責任。

Children accounted for?very little spread, the researchers said, as did older adults. This could mean that opening schools may not contribute to spread if transmission is controlled among younger adults, they said.

研究者表示數(shù)據(jù)顯示兒童幾乎不影響病毒傳播，老年人也一樣。如果傳播者主要是成年人的話，這意味著學校開放對疫情傳播可能沒有什么影響，

短語：account for?????contribute to

“This study provides evidence that the?resurgent COVID-19 epidemics in the US in 2020 have been driven by adults aged 20-49, and in particular adults aged 35-49, before and after school reopening,” the team wrote in their report, published in the journal Science.

研究團隊在《科學》雜志發(fā)文寫到：研究結果及附帶證據(jù)表明新冠疫情在美國2020年的重新爆發(fā)是由20-49歲的成人，尤其是35-49歲年齡段的成人在學校重新開學的前后時段主導傳播。

resurgent ??adj./r??s??d??nt/ ( formal )復興的；恢復生機活力的；再度流行的

“Unlike pandemic flu, these adults accounted after school reopening in October, 2020 for an estimated 72.2% of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the US locations considered, whereas less than 5% originated from children aged 0-9 and less than 10% from teens aged 10-19.”

“與大流行性流感不同的是，2020年10月學校重新開學后，這些成年人估計占美國所考慮地區(qū)SARS-CoV-2感染源的72.2%，而0-9歲兒童不到5%，10-19歲青少年不到10%?！?/span>

And it might be the adults aged 35 to 49 who are the biggest factor in driving the pandemic, as opposed to younger adults, Oliver Ratmann of the Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team and colleagues concluded.

倫敦帝國理工COVID-19應對小組Oliver Ratmann 及其同事得出結論，與預想的年輕人是主要原因相反，35-49歲的成年人是驅動新冠大流行的主要推手。

“Prior to the implementation of COVID-19 interventions, contacts concentrated among individuals of similar age, were highest among school-aged children and teens, and also common between children/teens and their parents, and middle-aged adults and the elderly. Since the beginning of the pandemic, these contact patterns have changed?substantially,” the team wrote.

研究團隊寫到：在實施COVID-19干預措施之前，接觸集中在年齡相近的個體中，學齡兒童和青少年接觸最多，兒童/青少年及其父母、中年人和老年人接觸也很常見。自新冠大流行開始以來，這些接觸模式發(fā)生了重大變化。

substantially ?adv. ??/s?b?st?n??li/ ?

1.非常；大大地?The costs have increased substantially. 成本大大提高了。

2.基本上；大體上；總的來說?What she says is substantially true. 她的話大體符合事實。?

“This study indicates that in locations where novel?highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 lineages have not yet established, additional interventions among adults aged 20-49, such as mass vaccination with transmission-blocking vaccines, could bring resurgent COVID-19 epidemics under control and avert deaths,” they added.

他們補充說:“這項研究表明，在尚未建立新的高度傳染性SARS-CoV-2譜系的地區(qū)，對20-49歲成年人采取額外的干預措施，如大規(guī)模接種傳播阻斷疫苗，可控制COVID-19疫情的反復爆發(fā)，避免死亡?！?/span>

novel 做形容詞，有新穎的、異常的、獨特的意思?a novel feature 新特征

avert ?v. ??/??v??t/ ?

1.防止，避免（危險、壞事）?A disaster was narrowly averted. 及時防止了一場災難。

2.~ your eyes, gaze, face (from sth) 轉移目光；背過臉?She averted her eyes from the terrible scene in front of her. 她背過臉，不去看面前可怕的場面。

They estimated that people 35 to 49 accounted for 41% of the new transmissions through mid-August, and adults 20 to 34 were responsible for another 35%. Children and teens accounted for just 6% of spread. People 50 to 64 made up 15% of transmission.

研究團隊估計35-49歲年齡段的成年人對新冠八月中旬的傳播的責任占41%，20-34歲占35%。兒童及親少年只占傳染源的6%，50-64歲的貢獻15%。

“Over time, the share of age groups among reported deaths has been remarkably constant, suggesting that young adults are unlikely to have been the primary source?of resurgent epidemics since summer 2020, and that instead changes in mobility and behavior among the broader group of adults aged 20-49 underlie?resurgent COVID-19 in the US in 2020,” the team wrote.

該研究小組寫道”隨著時間的推移,年齡的份額在死亡報告表現(xiàn)出明顯的恒定,表明年輕人不太可能是自2020年夏季以來,疫情重新爆發(fā)的主要來源,而是更寬泛的年齡段20-49歲人群的流動性和行為構成2020年COVID-19在美國復發(fā)?！?/span>

the primary source：第一手資料；（通過研究或觀察等獲得的）直接材料

underlie ：v. ??/??nd??la?/ [ VN ] 構成…的基礎；作為…的原因? These ideas underlie much of his work. 他的作品大部分都是以這些主題思想為基礎。

Efforts to control virus spread

The researchers said that efforts to control the spread of coronavirus -- including vaccination -- should probably focus on those aged 20 to 49.

But there is not yet enough vaccine to immunize everyone, and the federal government is working with state and local governments to try to vaccinate people in an orderly, fair and logical way.

研究者認為控制疫情擴散的精力，包括疫苗注射措施，應該集中在20-49歲人群。但是目前沒有足夠的疫苗，而現(xiàn)在聯(lián)邦政府與州、地方政府聯(lián)合起來努力為人民群眾有秩序、公平和合理的提供疫苗注射服務。

Current US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance put frontline healthcare workers and?frail long term care facility residents at the front of the vaccine line. The White House under both presidents Trump and Biden has suggested that states open up vaccination to anyone over 65, as this age group is considered most vulnerable to death and severe disease from Covid-19.

目前美國疾病控制和預防中心指南將一線醫(yī)療工作者和體弱的長期護理機構居民置于疫苗接種一線。特朗普總統(tǒng)和拜登總統(tǒng)領導下的白宮都建議各州向任何超過65歲的人開放疫苗接種，因為這個年齡群體被認為是最容易感染Covid-19而死亡和引發(fā)嚴重疾病的群體。

Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said Tuesday that while older people are more at risk for severe disease, experts have suspected for some time that younger people are driving the spread of the virus in the US.?(CNN)

美國國家過敏和傳染病研究所主任安東尼·福奇博士周二表示，雖然老年人更容易患嚴重疾病，但專家們一段時間以來一直懷疑，年輕人正在推動病毒在美國的傳播。（CNN）

http://www.dailynews.lk/2021/02/05/world/240775/younger-adults-are-biggest-spreaders-covid-19-study