開場白：同學(xué)們，你們知道什么是鼠疫耶爾森菌Yersinia嗎？它是一種動物源性細菌，是鼠疫的病原菌。鼠疫是一種人畜共患的自然源性烈性傳染病，屬于我國的法定甲類傳染病。臨床癥狀為患者高熱寒戰(zhàn)、咳嗽、胸痛和咳血，最典型的癥狀是死者皮膚呈黑紫色，也叫黑死病。我校創(chuàng)始人伍連德院士當(dāng)年領(lǐng)導(dǎo)東北人民最終殺滅了肆虐半年有余的肺鼠疫，為人類醫(yī)療健康事業(yè)做出了永垂不朽、不可磨滅的功績。

Hello, everyone, do you know what Yersinia pestis is? It is a bacterium of animal origin and is the causative agent of the plague. Plague is a zoonotic and virulent infectious disease of natural origin and belongs to the statutory category A infectious diseases in China. The clinical symptoms are high fever and chills, coughing, chest pain and coughing up blood in patients. The most typical symptom is the blackish-purple skin of the deceased, also known as the Black Death. The founder of our university, Academician Wu Liande, led the people of Northeast China to finally kill the pneumonic plague, which had been raging for more than half a year, and made an indelible contribution to human health care.

1910年11月9日，一場大瘟疫由中東鐵路經(jīng)滿洲里傳入哈爾濱并席卷了整個東北。這場瘟疫在大半個中國肆虐了半年有余，造成了6萬多人死亡。于此危難之際，時年31歲的中國現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)先驅(qū)伍連德先生臨危受命，迎著逃難人群，逆行而上，為抗擊東北鼠疫作出重大貢獻。并創(chuàng)造了中國醫(yī)學(xué)史上的眾多“第一次”： 親手實施了中國醫(yī)學(xué)史上第一例病理解剖、世界上第一個提出“肺鼠疫”概念、讓中國人第一次使用口罩（時稱“伍氏口罩”）預(yù)防傳染病。

On 9 November 1910, a pandemic spread from the Middle East Railway through Manchuria to Harbin and swept through the entire North East. The plague ravaged half of China for more than half a year, killing more than 60,000 people. At this time of crisis, Mr. Wu Liande, a 31-year-old pioneer of modern Chinese medicine, was ordered to fight the plague against the fleeing crowds and made a significant contribution to the fight against the plague in the Northeast. He made many "firsts" in the history of Chinese medicine: he personally performed the first pathological autopsy in Chinese medical history, was the first in the world to introduce the concept of "pneumonic plague", and allowed the Chinese to use masks (then called "Wu's masks") for the first time to prevent infectious diseases.

第一幕Act I

第一場Session 1

文官 諂媚狀：伍先生一路風(fēng)塵仆仆，想必早已勞累不堪，在下早已在府中備下薄酒，還請伍先生賞臉。

Mr. Wu must be exhausted from the journey. I have already set up a banquet in my house, so I would like to invite you to enjoy it.

伍先生 嚴(yán)詞拒絕，鄙夷：不了，在下此次前來是為撲滅東北疫情，還請sir，帶領(lǐng)在下前往傅家甸做些實地調(diào)查。事情緊急，耽擱不得。

No, I am here to fight the epidemic in the north-east, and I would like to ask you to lead me to Fujiadian to do some fieldwork. This is an urgent issues and cannot be delayed.

文官沒好氣答應(yīng)

第二場

場地宿舍 尸體若干 老鼠若干

伍先生戴口罩查看尸體：皮膚黑紫，面無血色，咳血甚多，應(yīng)該就是鼠疫。The skin was black and purple, the face was bloodless, and he was coughing up a lot of blood, which was initially judged to be plague.

普通百姓：要貓尿嗎？還是鴉片，我這都有貨。最近可是很缺的。算你便宜點，只要三十文錢。Do you want cat urine? Or opium, I've got it all . It's in short supply these days. I'll give you a bargain.

伍先生：你這是做甚，為何不按政府指令戴口罩，貓尿、鴉片是作甚？What are you doing? Why don't you follow the government's instructions and wear a mask instead of saying these ridiculous things?

普通百姓：張?zhí)鞄熣f了喝貓尿、抽大煙就能不得病。Pastor Zhang said that drinking cat urine and smoking big cigarettes would keep you from getting sick.

伍先生無語離場

第二幕

第一場

伍先生：百姓的蒙昧麻木真令人痛心，還有官員的漠不關(guān)心導(dǎo)致了形勢的復(fù)雜化，并使疫病向更遠的南方蔓延。可奇怪的是，城里組織的殺鼠行動并未對疫情起到遏制作用，難道這次爆發(fā)的鼠疫不是通過老鼠傳播的？必須進行秘密病理解剖了，為了百姓民生，我必須這樣做。

The ignorance and insensitivity of the people was distressing, as was the indifference of the officials, which complicated the situation and allowed the epidemic to spread further south. Strangely enough, the city's organised rat killings have not helped to contain the epidemic - could it be that the outbreak is not spread by rats? A secret pathological autopsy had to be carried out, and I had to do it for the sake of the people's livelihood.

經(jīng)過病理解剖，玻片觀察等試驗后After pathological autopsy, slide observation and other tests

伍先生：這可能是一種更為兇險的鼠疫，不需要通過老鼠，人和人之間，通過空氣中的飛沫就可以傳播，就暫稱肺鼠疫吧。This is probably a more sinister form of plague that does not need to be spread by rats, but from person to person, by droplets in the air, let's call it pneumonic plague for now.

第二場

普通百姓看告示，和另一人對話：官府發(fā)公告了，要求各家患病一人，全家隔離，開窗通風(fēng)，開窗通風(fēng)，這大冷的天不凍死人呢。The officials have issued a proclamation asking all families to quarantine their entire family if one person is sick. The windows were also asked to be opened and ventilated, so that people would not freeze to death in this cold weather.

另一百姓：伍先生不是說了嗎，這鼠疫是通過空氣傳播的呢。這新口罩聽說是那個大官制作的。傅家甸那的幾條路都封了，出哈爾濱的幾條火車站都限流，正在進行旅客隔離呢。Didn't Mr. Ng say that this plague is spread by air? The new masks I heard were made by that big official. Several roads in Fujiadian are closed and several train stations out of Harbin are restricted and are quarantining passengers.

第三場

墳場

助手：老師總算能好好休息了，聽sir說城中大部分疫區(qū)的疫情都已經(jīng)得到控制。The mentor can finally get some rest. I heard the official report that the epidemic has been tentatively controlled in most of the infected areas of the city.

伍先生：我擔(dān)心的是這些尸體、棺材隨意擺放在這里，如果有老鼠或其他動物接觸到這些尸體，再由動物傳染給城里的人，那樣的話一切防疫措施都將化為烏有。My fear is that with all these bodies and coffins lying around here in the cemetery, if any rats or other animals come into contact with them, and then the animals infect the people in the town, then all the epidemic prevention measures will come to naught.

助手：您是想集中火葬嗎？只怕引起民憤呀。Do you want to have a centralized cremation? I'm afraid it will cause public anger.

伍先生果敢：為天地立心，為生民立命，為往圣繼絕學(xué)，為萬世開太平。我從醫(yī)多年，何嘗憂懼過流言蜚語呢？

To ordain conscience for Heaven and Earth.

To secure life and fortune for the people.

To continue lost teachings for past sages.

To establish peace for all future generations.

I have been a doctor for many years, but have I ever been afraid of gossip?

? 伍連德給清廷上書，請求頒布準(zhǔn)許火葬的同時，哈爾濱的官商紳士們也聯(lián)名向吉林總督，希望批準(zhǔn)火葬。最終這把救命的熊熊燃燒的火，同樣焚滅了肺鼠疫。While Wuliande wrote to the Qing court to request permission for cremation, the officials and gentlemen of Harbin joined forces with the Governor of Jilin to seek permission for cremation. Eventually this life-saving blazing fire also burned out the pneumonic plague.??

? 第三幕

萬國鼠疫研究會現(xiàn)場

1911年3月1日零時，哈爾濱終于無一例新發(fā)感染，無一例死亡。隨后的日子里，也沒有感染和死亡。4月23日，清政府宣布東三省鼠疫肅清。至此，這場浩劫結(jié)束。撲滅鼠疫的那年春天，清政府在沈陽召開了萬國鼠疫研究會。伍連德?lián)螘h主席，總結(jié)這次的東北大鼠疫。At 00：00 hours on 1 March 1911, Harbin was finally free of new infections and deaths. On 23 April, the Qing government declared the eastern provinces clear of the plague. This brought the catastrophe to an end. In the spring of the year when the plague was eradicated, the Qing government convened the Universal Plague Study Conference in Shenyang. Wuliande was the chairman of the conference to summarise the great plague in the Northeast.

伍先生：此次鼠疫的源頭是旱獺，也在其皮毛中檢測出了鼠疫桿菌。而導(dǎo)致此次東北大鼠疫的疫源地在俄國境內(nèi)，隨著獵人、染疫勞工的遷移，以及鐵路的運輸，才使鼠疫在中國東北傳播開來。The source of the plague was the groundhog, and the bacillus plague was also detected in its fur. The source of the plague was in Russia, and it was the migration of hunters, infected labour, and rail transport that spread the plague through north-eastern China.

大家鼓掌起立。

尾聲：這場發(fā)生于20世紀(jì)初的東北大鼠疫拉開了中國“第一次衛(wèi)生革命”的序幕，是中國公共衛(wèi)生的起點，更奠定了中國近代防疫體系的雛形。而伍連德院士當(dāng)時采取的一系列防疫措施，即使是今天看來，依舊是科學(xué)有效的。直至今日，他依然是哈爾濱人民口口相傳的英雄。The Great Plague of the Northeast, which occurred in the early 20th century, kicked off China's "first health revolution" and was the starting point of China's public health, and laid the foundation for China's modern epidemic prevention system. The epidemic prevention measures taken by Academician Wuliande at that time are still scientifically valid even today. To this day, he remains a hero to the people of Harbin by word of mouth.

1924年，梁啟超曾如此評價伍連德："科學(xué)輸入垂五十年，國中能以學(xué)者資格與世界相見者，伍星聯(lián)博士一人而已“。In 1924, Liang Qichao had this to say about Wu Liande: "Fifty years after the importation of science, Dr. Wu Xinglian is the only person in the country who can rival the world with his scholarly qualifications.

伍連德先生永垂不朽！