重難點分析

狀語從句是由從句擔任狀語，在句子中可修飾謂語動詞（或其他動詞）、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。它可以用來表示時間、地點、條件、原因、結果、目的、讓步、比較、方式等。狀語從句是一個較大的語法項目，也是近幾年高考題中常見的重要考點。高考中已考查了時間、讓步、地點、條件、目的等狀語從句，這些從句仍是今后高考的熱點，應做充分的準備。同時對方式狀語從句也應引起重視。不同的狀語從句所使用的連接詞也各不相同。如下表所示：

狀語從句名稱

連接詞

時間狀語從句

when, as, while, ? whenever, after, before, till/until, since, once, as soon as/the moment, by ? the time, no sooner…than, hardly…when, every time等

地點狀語從句

where和wherever

條件狀語從句

if, unless, as ? long as, on condition that, if only(=if)

原因狀語從句

because, since, ? as, now that(既然)

結果狀語從句

so that(從句謂語動詞一般沒有情態(tài)動詞), so…that, such…that

目的狀語從句

so, so that(從句謂語常有情態(tài)動詞), in order that, in ? case(以防，以免)

讓步狀語從句

although, ? though, as(常用倒裝結構), ? even if/though, however, whatever, whether…or, no matter who(when, what, ? where…)等

比較狀語從句

than, as…as, the ? more…the more

方式狀語從句

as, as ? if/though, the way, rather than等

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一、時間狀語從句

1. while, when, as引導時間狀語從句時的區(qū)別

(1) while引導的狀語從句中謂語動詞必須是持續(xù)性動詞。謂語動詞多為進行時或狀態(tài)動詞的一般時。此時可與when互換。如：

Please keep quiet while/when others are studying. 當別人正在學習時，請保持安靜。

(2) when除可指一段時間外，還可用來指時間點，等于“at the time”，即when引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞可以是瞬間的，也可以是持續(xù)性的。因此主句和從句的謂語可以是一般時、進行時或完成時。如：When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment. (when不能換成while) 當我走進實驗室時，老師正在做實驗。

(3) as?？膳cwhen, while通用，但as強調“一邊……一邊……”。如：

As (When/While) I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car. 當我沿著大街散步時，我注意到一輛警車。

(4) when有時代替if，引導條件句，意為“如果，假如”。如：

I will come when(if) I am fine. 如果我有空，我就會來。

2. till, until引導時間狀語短語或狀語從句，用于否定句時，結構為not…until，主句謂語動詞延續(xù)與非延續(xù)皆可，意為“直到……才……”；用于肯定句時，主句謂語動詞需用延續(xù)性動詞，表示“到……為止”。如：

They played(延續(xù)性動詞) volleyball until/till it got dark. 他們打排球直到天黑才結束。

They didn’t talk(延續(xù)性動詞) until/till the interpreter came. 直到口譯員來了他們才開始談話。

He didn’t go to bed(非延續(xù)性動詞) until/till his father came back. 直到他父親回來他才睡覺。

注意：(1) until可以放在句首，till則不行。如：Not until he finished his work did he go home.(倒裝)直到完成工作他才回家。(2) till, until只用于表時間，以下句子是錯誤的：We walked till the edge of the forest. (till必須改為as或to) 我們走到了森林的邊緣。

二、地點狀語從句

引導地點狀語從句的連詞是where和wherever。如：Make a mark where you have question. 在你有問題的地方做記號。??? Sit wherever you like. 坐在你喜歡的地方。

三、條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句分真實性（有可能實現的事情）與非真實性（條件與事實相反或者在說話者看來不太可能實現的事情）條件句。引導條件狀語從句的詞(組)主要有if, unless, as long as, on condition that, if only(=if)。值得注意的是，條件狀語從句中的if不能用whether替換。如：

If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. 如果他不在辦公室，那一定是出去吃午飯了。

You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. 你可以借這本書，只要你讓它保持干凈。

四、原因狀語從句

because, since, as引導原因狀語時注意使用上的區(qū)別：

1. 如果原因是構成句子的最主要部分，一般用because，因此because引導的從句往往放在句末。用why提問的句子，一定用because回答。如：He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill. 昨天他必須呆在家里，因為他病了。

2. 如果原因已為人們所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as或since，since比as更正式些。as和since引導的從句一般放在句子的開頭。如：

As you are tired, you had better take a rest. 你累了，最好休息一下。

Since everyone is here, now let’s begin. 大家都到齊了，現在開始。

五、結果狀語從句

結果狀語從句是表示事態(tài)結果的從句，通常主句表原因，從句表結果。結果狀語從句通常由so that（從句謂語一般沒有情態(tài)動詞），so…that, such…that等引導。如：

He was so excited that he jumped from the sofa. 他如此激動以至于他從沙發(fā)上跳了下來。

六、目的狀語從句

引導目的狀語從句最常用的詞（組）是so, as that(從句謂語常有情態(tài)動詞), in order that, in case(以防，以免)等。如：Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. 說清楚些以便他們能理解。

He left early in case he should miss the train. 他盡早地離開，以防誤了火車。

七、讓步狀語從句

讓步狀語從句可由although, though, as, even if/though, however, whatever, whether…or, no matter who/when/what…等引導。值得注意的是as引導的讓步狀語從句一般用倒裝。如：

Child as he is, he knows a lot. 盡管他還是個孩子，他卻知道很多。

Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I will never change my mind. 不管你說什么，我都不會改變主意。

八、比較狀語從句

比較狀語從句常用than, as…as, the more…the more等引導。如：

I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. 我犯的錯誤比你犯的多得多。

The busier he is, the happier he feels. 越忙他覺得越快樂。

九、方式狀語從句

方式狀語從句常由as, as if(though), the way, rather than等引導。如：

You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必須按照我教你的去做練習。

He acted as if nothing had happened. 從他的舉止行為看，似乎什么也沒發(fā)生過。

附加說明：使用狀語從句時要注意的幾個問題

1. 在時間和條件（有時也在方式、讓步等）狀語從句中，主語用一般將來時，從句通常用一般現在時表示將來。如：I will write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 我一到上海就寫信給你。

2. 在有些時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致（或雖不一致，但是it），從句的謂語又包含動詞be，就可省略從句中的“主語+be”部分。如：

If (you are) asked, you may come in. 如果你被邀請了，你就可以進來。

If (it is) necessary, I will explain to you again. 如果有必要，我會再給你解釋一次的。

3. 注意區(qū)分不同的從句：引導的是什么從句，不僅要根據連詞，還要根據句子結構和句意來判別。以where為例：

You are to find it where you left it. （地點狀語從句）你會在你放它的地方找到它。

Tell me the address where he lives. （定語從句，句中有先行詞）告訴我你住的地址。

I don’t know where he came from. （賓語從句）我不知道他來自哪里。

Where he has gone is not known yet. （主語從句）他去了哪里還不知道。

This place is where they once hid. （表語從句）這里就是他們曾經藏過的地方。

3. as作從屬連詞可引導多種狀語從句。

(1) as引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……時”，如：

He sang as he worked. 當他工作的時候，他會唱歌。

(2) as引導方式狀語從句，意為“像……一樣”，如：

We must do as the party teaches us. 我們必須像那個聚會教我們的那樣做。

(3) as引導原因狀語從句，意為“由于”，如：

As you are late, you had better wait. 由于你遲到了，你最好等一下。

(4) as引導讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡快”。常用倒裝結構。如：

Child as he is, he can do it well. (=Although he is a child, he can do it well.) 盡管他是個孩子，他卻能把它做好。

(5) as作為關系代詞還可以引導定語從句。如：I have such books as you like. 我有你喜歡的書。

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考點練透

一、單句填空 根據句意用適當的連詞填空，補全下列句子。

1. Dr. bethune (白求恩) came to China ?????????he was fifty.

2. He began to work ?????????he got there.

3. Let’s begin our meeting ?????????everyone is here.

4. I like the english people, ?????????I don’t like their food.

5. ?????????you go in China, you can see smiling faces.

6. He didn’t come to the lecture ?????????he was very busy.

7. ?????????we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.

8. They will help you ?????????you meet with difficulty.

9. ?????????we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.

10. I didn’t join them yesterday evening ?????????I had to go to an important meeting.

11. We would try to get a car ?????????we could all travel together more easily.

12. She wouldn’t forget her mother’s birthday ?????????she seldom wrote to her family.

13. We are doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ?????????we can.

14. The meeting became so disorderly ?????????the speaker had to shout the audience down.

15. To be honest, you did better ?????????I did.

16. ?????????you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.

17. The boy was so tired ?????????he fell asleep on the bus.

18. Hard ?????????he tried, he couldn’t force the door open.

19. ?????????we often use computer to write or email to somebody, handwriting is still a kind of precious wealth to us.

20. Keep it ?????????you can see it.

21. ?????????we do nothing to save the Great Wall, it will soon become a wasteland.

二、語篇填空 根據短文意思或括號中的漢語提示，用適當的連詞填空。

In my opinion, we can’t leave today’s work for tomorrow, ???1?? ?tomorrow we have different things to do. ???2?? ?we leave today’s work for tomorrow, ???3?? ?we will have some other work, we will gradually pile up too many things and will never get them done. ???4?? , only the persons without determination and will-power will find all kinds of excuse for delaying the things they should have done today. ???5?? (此外), ???6?? ?we get into the bad habit of leaving today’s work for tomorrow, we will easily become lazy.

As we have a lot of things to learn and different homework to do every day, we can not afford to waste time. ???7?? (因此), the earlier we plan our time and get down to the work, ???8?? (越多) we will learn. In a word, ???9?? ?we have strong intention and great determination and do everything ???10?? (按照) planned, we will be able to keep improving ourselves and achieve success.

三、語法填空 閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入一個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

When I was growing up, I do not recall hearing the words “I love you” from my father. When your father never says ??1? ?(they) to you when you are a child, it gets tougher and tougher for him ??2? ?(say) those words as he gets ??3? ?(old). To tell the truth, I could not honestly remember ??4? ?I had last said those words to him either. I decided to set my ego aside and make the first move. ??5? ?some hesitation, in our next phone conversation I blurted out the words, “Dad … I love you!”

There was ??6? ?silence at the other end and he ??7? ?(awkward) replied, “Well, same back at you!”

I laughed and said, “Dad, I know you love me, and when you are ready, I know you ??8? ?(say) what you want to say.”

A few weeks later, Dad concluded our phone conversation with the words, “Paul, I love you.” I was at work during this conversation and the ???9 ???(tear) were rolling down my cheeks ??10? ?I finally “heard” the love. As we both sat there in tears we realized that this special moment had taken our father-son relationship to a new level.

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參考答案

考點練透

一、單句填空

1. when? 2. as soon as? 3. as? 4. though? 5. Wherever? 6. because? 7. Since? 8. whenever? 9. Since? 10. because? 11. so that? 12. though? 13. as? 14. that? 15. than? 16. Even if? 17. that? 18. as? 19. Although? 20. where? 21. If

二、語篇填空

1. because? 2. If? 3. when? 4. Besides? 5. Additionally? 6. if? 7. Therefore? 8. the more? 9. if? 10. as

三、語法填空

這是一篇親情故事。雖父子情深，父親卻不習慣對兒子說“I love you”。兒子決定采取主動，在電話中對父親說出了“I love you”。幾周后父親也以對兒子說“I love you”來結束通話。電話兩端，父子雙雙感動得熱淚盈眶。

1. them? 考查代詞。指代前面的the words “I love you”。words為復數，用them。

2. to say? 考查非謂語動詞。此處不定式to say those words作真正主語，it為形式主語。

3. older? 考查形容詞比較等級。此處get older意為“變老”，用比較級。

4. when? 考查連接詞。引導賓語從句，并在從句中作時間狀語。

5. After? 考查介詞。猶豫一陣后說出口，所以填after。注意首字母要大寫。

6. a? 考查冠詞。不定冠詞的最基本用法。

7. awkwardly? 考查詞類轉換。修飾謂語動詞replied，要用副詞形式。

8. will say? 考查動詞。時間狀語從句用一般現在時，主句用一般將來時。

9. tears? 考查名詞的數。tears作“眼淚”時，常用復數形式；再由空后的were可知用復數。

10. as/because? 考查連接詞。引導原因狀語從句。聽到了love是感動得落淚的原因。

助讀詞匯

recall vt. 回想起??????????????????? conclude vt. 結束????????

cheek n. 面頰?????????????????????? blurt out 脫口而出????????????

roll down 滾下????????????????????? in tears 含著淚???????????????

to a new level 到一個新水平????????? set one’s ego aside 放下某人的自尊

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