▍單詞積累｜醫(yī)學(xué)類｜化學(xué)與身體機(jī)制

?The point of （重點(diǎn)）this vedio, which is based off a case published on literature, is to tell you if you don't need to put it into your body, don't put it into your body. There's no turning back from an intentionally causing permanent damage to it. 故意這么做會(huì)造成不可逆的永久傷害

*注：關(guān)于based+off，雖然從語法上來講是不準(zhǔn)確的，但是從使用習(xí)慣來講是英語國家的人現(xiàn)在較為常用的，所以其實(shí)不算是錯(cuò)誤的。

?表達(dá)不舒服

?One week earlier, CC had been living his regular life, which meant something was wrong.

?CC would wake up at night in a pool of his own sweat（一身盜汗）. = (experience) night sweat

?Sometime, randomly, he would feel a dull （a.[疼痛]隱約的，輕微而持續(xù)的）burning sensation just under his stomach.小腹下方有隱隱的灼燒感

?But as the time continuted, this pain would get worse and worse until finally he couldn't take it anymore as he drive himself into the emergency room where we are now. 痛感越來越強(qiáng)烈

?CC couldn't remember a time when he didn't have those thoughts. 這些想法無時(shí)無刻不存在于CC腦海里

?When he finished college and started working, he immediately realized that he had to keep himself under control because expressing any hint that his mind was even bordering （…接壤，與…毗鄰）into this territory, was not only a taboo, but it would completely ruin his livehood（生計(jì)）.

?網(wǎng)絡(luò)求助/購物

?On the internet, looking for help. CC came across（偶然發(fā)現(xiàn);偶然遇見；） some image boards that referred him to a forum, where he would find people spreading around information（其他人提供信息）that he thought could help him "fix" himself.

?serendipitously （a.偶然發(fā)生的;有意外收獲的；）come across 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)

-serendipity 指意外發(fā)現(xiàn)珍寶、幸運(yùn)的發(fā)現(xiàn)，由美國作家Horace Walpole 根據(jù)波斯神話故事《三個(gè)錫蘭王子》（The Three Princes of Serendip）杜撰的詞

?pick up the package 拿快遞

?自主研究

?Taking some of these leads（線索）, he started doing his own research.

?Over the years he studied this topic closely. At first, he started reading more about chemicals that could be put into his body, directly to the pair where he believe all this wrongdoing（n.<formal>不法行為；不道德行為；壞事） originated from, but he noticed most of the scientific papers that he'd follow were all veterinarian （獸醫(yī)） studies（動(dòng)物研究）; there was hardly any human data （人體試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)）on this. But as he kept reading more and more, he started extrapolating this information before finally coming to his conclusion of exactly he was going to do because he needed to get these thoughts out of his head. 開始對信息進(jìn)行推論，并得出自己的結(jié)論

?醫(yī)學(xué)類詞句

?蛋蛋：in-between the legs; testes; the pair

?Suprapubic path恥骨弓上疼痛

-supra- above上面的; pubic 兩腿之間的部位

?He extracted the liquid, and applied it in-between his legs. 他就提取出了其中的液體，并注射進(jìn)了

?Immediately after plunging （v.將…投入；將…插入；將…刺進(jìn)；）the syringe（注射器，注射筒）, CC felt a burn.

?finish off 結(jié)束〔事件、演出、一項(xiàng)工作等〕

?At examination, CC appeared to be normal. Suprapubic pain can be caused by many different problems.

?These could be associated with a previous diagnosis of depression he got a few years ago. But he also told them about a noticeable (容易注意到的，明顯的，顯著的)decrease in testicular(睪丸的) size.

?scrotal ultrasound 陰囊超聲波檢查

?spherical mass 球形大腫塊

?All of these give us some clues as to what's happending to CC.

?That this shrinkage was happening at a time when a terrible burning path was present in the region.

?The part in-between the legs are highly vascularized (血液高度豐富區(qū)域), the CC injecting calcium chloride into this soft tissue tha has a lot of blood vessels in it, means that possibly the sudden massive influx of calcium to the region(大量鈣涌入該區(qū)域) committed a muscle contraction in those blood vessels.

?This vasoconstriction then starves the parts of blood and oxygen, suffocating (（使）窒息而死，（使）悶死) them. 缺乏血流并缺氧

?extravasation 外滲

?Then the dead skin tissue activates the immune system, causing even more damages.

?immune privileged 免疫豁免

?white blood cell 白細(xì)胞

?reproductive cells 生殖細(xì)胞

?the extent of inflammation 炎癥程度

?take tissue samples of this testes 蛋蛋組織采樣

?necrotic tissue 壞死組織 tissue necrosis組織死亡

?disrupt normal function 破壞正常功能

?hypogonadal function 性腺功能減退

-hypo- =low，低；gonadal-=gonad, 指形成配子的器官

?haploid cells 單倍體細(xì)胞

?chromosomes 染色體

?biomarker level for specific hormones 特定激素的生物標(biāo)志物水平檢測

?total testosterone 總睪酮水平

?6% of the lower limit of normal 正常水平下限的6%

?supportive care 支持性醫(yī)療

?intravenous（a.通過[進(jìn)入]靜脈的） medicine 靜脈注射藥物

?hypocalcemia 低鈣血癥

-hypo- =low； calc-=calcium,指鈣； emia- = presence in blood，血液中的含量

?route of administration(n.執(zhí)行，施行；〔藥物的〕施用) 注射給藥

?outermost layer of the skin 皮膚最外層

?protective proteins 保護(hù)性蛋白質(zhì)

?calcium gluconate 葡萄糖酸鈣

?At two month follow up, CC appeared to be in better spirits. 精神狀態(tài)好了不少

?self-inflicted （a.(傷痛)故意加于自身的,有意自傷的；）episode 自殘事件

?牛奶

?calcium chloride 氯化鈣

?an ingredient used to increase calcium content in milk, because when pasteurization (巴氏殺菌) happens, the changed milk proteins (蛋白質(zhì)) and fats (脂肪) make coagulation difficult for cheese production.

?raw milk 生牛奶

?Calcium in the right amounts in the body is required for normal function, your bones are made of it. But excesses of calcium cause problems.

?Ccalcium chloride is a salt, similar macroscopically to table salt, which is SODIUM chloride.在外觀上和食鹽（氧化鈉）相似

?化學(xué)與身體機(jī)制（完全沒看懂）

?The joining of positive and negative charged ions（離子）, makes a solid, in this case one that dissolves in water. 正負(fù)電子結(jié)合形成了可溶于水的氯化鈣固體

?Calcium is the most common mineral (〔某些食物中的〕礦物質(zhì)) in the body, but like sodium(鈉) and potassium (鉀) close by on the periodic table of elements(元素周期表), it is also an electrolyte(電解液；電解質(zhì)) that's important in signaling in the body（鈣在人體內(nèi)同樣也是負(fù)責(zé)信號傳遞的一種重要電解質(zhì)）, telling tissues and organs to do things.指揮這組織和器官進(jìn)行活動(dòng)

?While sodiun is mostly outside of cells, and potassium is mostly inside cells, calcium as an electrolyte is different, because it's inside cells, but most of it is sequestered（v.使與他人隔離；使隔絕） even deeper insider cell organelles(細(xì)胞器).

?Sodium, becuase there's so much of it floating around in the body, is often used to start a signal by going in to a cell.它的用途一般是通過進(jìn)入細(xì)胞內(nèi)部阿里引發(fā)電信號

?Potassium is often exchanged out to further that signal. 鉀離子則經(jīng)常被鈉離子交換出去以維持該信號的傳遞

?But once calcium is involved, that signal is committed. 鈣離子的作用則是將該信號轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)質(zhì)性的動(dòng)作

?Take for example muscle contraction. Sodium rushes into the muscle cell to initiate the contraction,鈉離子進(jìn)入肌肉細(xì)胞啟動(dòng)收縮過程

?Potassium is exchanged out of the muscle cell to balance the sodium going in(鉀離子從細(xì)胞中拍出以平衡鈉離子的涌入), and calcium commits to the contraction(最后是鈣離子引發(fā)收縮動(dòng)作), and we know that you can't terminate s muscle midway through. 人是不能在肌肉收縮的中途終止這一過程的

?Skeletal muscle(骨骼肌) moves our arms and legs, but the stomach and the CI tract (胃腸道)are made of smooth muscle(平滑肌), and the heart is also made of muscle, and so are the blood vessels, all of which need calcium to signal to commit to a contraction.都需要鈣離子來啟動(dòng)收縮信號

?But the body runs on more signals than just that. Normanlly, different parts of the body will need to conmmunicate with one another, and sometimes these parts are physically far away. They're not directly attached. So the body will employ hormones, which are chemical messengers secreted into the blood to establish this communication, and that initial hormone release can be signaled by calcium 而激素的分泌有時(shí)也由鈣離子引發(fā).

?Cell can't be alive forever, because, while the person's alive, cells are dividing and replicating(不斷分裂和復(fù)制), meaning that there can be too many if they all live forever. Programmed cell death, orapoptosis(細(xì)胞程序性死亡，也叫凋亡), has a signal start from a large release of calcium from the stores inside the cell.其信號就是從細(xì)胞內(nèi)儲(chǔ)存的鈣大量釋放開始

?The thing about salts, is that some of them don't dissolve in water(不溶于水). While calcium chloride is water soluble, the body has other negative ions floating around. water-insoluble salt

?adenosine tri-phosphate 三磷酸腺苷(ATP)

?難以想象在一個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)頻道里你也能學(xué)到寫小x文需要的句模

?Everyday, he'd see people and he couldn't get certain thoughts about them out of his head. These thoughts would seep into his mind（不自覺地冒出來）, and he had to control himself, staring blankly（ad.呆呆地，木然地） into the void(空間;真空;空虛；虛空) in an effort to mask everything racing though his head（腦海中飛馳而過的想法）. He would think about doing very specific and explicit（a.〔描繪性或暴力的語言或畫面〕清晰露骨的） activities（翻云覆雨） with every single person he encountered face to face. And those thoughts would linger in his mind, when finally, he'd have to go to the bathroom to fix himself up(解決自己的問題) just to have those same thoughts rush right back into his head, afterwards(在他完事后，這些想法仍然揮之不去). These compulsive(〔行為〕強(qiáng)迫性的，難控制的〔往往是精神病的結(jié)果或征兆〕) fantasies were ruining his life.

?暫時(shí)無分類

?The damage to CC's testes could be due to a different mechanism(n.方法;途徑;程序;機(jī)制；).

?Unsure exactly what this was, the medical team asked if CC would have any possible idea of what this could be and the answer would start to explain to them, most of what's happening.詢問對方有沒有頭緒

?He started to feel like his regular self once again. 他感覺他的生活終于回到了正軌上

注：本筆記中的詞根解釋都是從詞根詞綴字典app中查詢得來的。內(nèi)容如果有錯(cuò)誤感謝指出，如果能順便推薦更多查詞及詞根的權(quán)威網(wǎng)站和app那就更好了，嘿嘿(*^▽^*)

因?yàn)闀r(shí)間問題，本筆記其實(shí)還未完善，后續(xù)會(huì)繼續(xù)更新優(yōu)化。