原文標(biāo)題：
Bartleby
How to thrive in the video age
Screen presence is now a feature of the modern office
巴托比專欄
如何在視頻時(shí)代茁壯成長(zhǎng)？

屏幕存在感是現(xiàn)代辦公室的一個(gè)特征

How to be a superstar on Zoom
如何成為視頻會(huì)議上的超級(jí)巨星

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THE PANDEMIC embedded video into the workplace.

疫情期間，工作中使用視頻已深入人心。

Workers who had never previously been on camera suddenly spent every hour of the day getting used to the sight of themselves and their colleagues on screen.

以前從未出現(xiàn)在鏡頭前的員工突然都要習(xí)慣每天看到自己和同事在屏幕上的情景。

Executives realised that they could send video messages to their workforces rather than having to convene town halls.

高管們意識(shí)到，他們可以向員工發(fā)送視頻會(huì)議消息，而不必召開線下會(huì)議。

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There is no going back. Blogs have become vlogs.

沒有回頭路可走。博客已經(jīng)變成了視頻博客。

Meetings are now recorded as a matter of course, so that people can fail to watch them back later.

錄會(huì)議視頻也是理所當(dāng)然的事情，以防以后看不到記錄。

Some firms routinely ask applicants to record answers to certain questions on video, so that people can see how well prospective recruits communicate.
一些公司通常會(huì)要求求職者錄視頻回答問題，以便人們可以看到潛在新員工的溝通能力如何。

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Since video has become more central to work, it pays to be good at it.

由于視頻在工作中已變得越來越重要，因此擅長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)視頻非常必要。

Being a star in the video age means having the right set-up, speaking well and listening well.

成為視頻時(shí)代的明星意味著需要擁有正確的設(shè)置、出眾的口才和良好的傾聽能力。

Workers can improve under their own steam, but companies can help, too.
工人可以自己提高這些能力，但公司也可以提供幫助。

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To see what the right set-up looks like, just observe the range of images on your next video-conferencing call.

要了解正確的設(shè)置是什么樣子，只需觀察下一次視頻會(huì)議通話中的圖像范圍即可。

It will probably be a complete mishmash.Some people will be bathed in the warm glow of a ring light; others will be emerging from the shadows like the Emperor Palpatine.

這可能是一個(gè)大雜燴。有些人會(huì)沐浴在環(huán)形燈的溫暖光芒中；有些人像帕爾帕廷皇帝一樣從陰影中現(xiàn)身。

Some will have high-definition cameras that show off every pore and follicle; others will be smeared across the screen.

有些人配備高清攝像頭，可以看清楚每個(gè)毛孔和毛囊；有些人則模糊不清。

Some will be Hollywood types, observing the rule of thirds by positioning themselves slightly off-centre; others seem to have learned their craft from “The Blair Witch Project”.
有些人是好萊塢類型，通過稍微偏離中心定位來遵守三分法則；有些人似乎從《布萊爾女巫計(jì)劃》中學(xué)到了詭異畫風(fēng)。

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There is a limit to how level the playing-field between home offices can be, when living arrangements between employees differ so greatly.

當(dāng)員工之間的生活安排差異如此之大時(shí)，在家辦公辦的公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境就會(huì)受到限制。

Not everyone needs to look like an A-lister: people who regularly make presentations or see clients have greater claim on fancier gear.

不是每個(gè)人都需要看起來像一線明星：經(jīng)常做演講或見客戶的人對(duì)高檔設(shè)備的要求更高。

Some people are photogenic, others less so. But this range in video quality can nonetheless be narrowed.
有些人很上鏡，而有些人則不太上鏡。但是，即使在視頻質(zhì)量方面存在差距，這種差距仍然可以縮小。

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A study published last year by Katherine Karl of the University of Tennessee and her co-authors looked at workers’ most common complaints about video-conferencing meetings: camera angles, proximity to the screen and bad lighting all feature in the list of frustrations.

去年田納西大學(xué)的凱瑟琳·卡爾及其合著者發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了員工對(duì)視頻會(huì)議最常見的抱怨：攝像機(jī)角度、靠近屏幕的距離和光線不足都在清單之列。

Whether providing decent home-working equipment or just giving feedback on how people appear on screen, employers can help everyone improve their video game.
無論是提供體面的家庭辦公設(shè)備，還是僅僅就人們?cè)谄聊簧系谋憩F(xiàn)提供反饋，雇主都可以幫助每個(gè)人改進(jìn)他們的視頻質(zhì)量。

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Advice on how to present well on video is not that different to advice on presenting in general. But there are some specific pitfalls with video.

在視頻中表現(xiàn)出色的建議與一般的表現(xiàn)建議沒有太大區(qū)別。但視頻也有一些特定的陷阱。

One is where to look. Staring into the camera is unnatural; some advise pinning a photo of someone you respect right by the lens (whether you would really use the opportunity to talk to Volodymyr Zelensky to tell him about your product road map is another question).

一是眼睛應(yīng)該看哪里。直視鏡頭會(huì)不自然；一些人建議在鏡頭旁邊貼一張你尊重的人的照片（例如沃洛迪米爾·澤連斯基的照片，你是否真的會(huì)利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)與 他交談，告訴他你的產(chǎn)品路線圖是另一個(gè)問題）。

But looking at the camera is harder if you are referring to notes on the screen at the same time.

但是，如果你看屏幕上筆記的同時(shí)看鏡頭會(huì)更難。

The speaker whose eyes dart from one to the other is in fear of imminent attack; the speaker who gazes at a point somewhere just off to the left of the camera is appearing in “The Office”.

說話者的眼睛從一個(gè)人身上移到另一個(gè)人身上，因?yàn)楹ε码S時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生的攻擊；美劇《辦公室》里的說話者則會(huì)凝視鏡頭左側(cè)某個(gè)點(diǎn)。

Teleprompter software may be the right answer.
選擇提詞器軟件會(huì)有幫助。

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Another danger lies in the temptation to use technology just because it is there.

另一個(gè)陷阱在于只因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)存在就有使用它的誘惑。

The same rule of thumb that should stop you exploring the animations menu in PowerPoint also applies to pre-recorded video.

阻止你瀏覽PPT中的動(dòng)畫菜單的經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則，也同樣適用于預(yù)先錄制的視頻。

Don’t do jump cuts or special effects unless you really know what you are doing.

除非你真的知道自己在做什么，否則不要使用跳躍切換或特效。

This is not “Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Quarters”.
這不是在拍英劇《兩桿大煙槍》。

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Perhaps the least recognised skill in the video age is listening well.

也許在視頻時(shí)代最不被認(rèn)可的技能是善于傾聽的能力。

After all, one of the great boons of the virtual meeting is that you can get actual work done in it—being able to turn your camera off when your time is being royally wasted may be the pandemic’s greatest gift to productivity.

畢竟，虛擬會(huì)議的一個(gè)巨大優(yōu)點(diǎn)是——當(dāng)你感覺時(shí)間被浪費(fèi)時(shí)，你能夠關(guān)閉攝像頭來完成實(shí)際工作，這可能是疫情對(duì)生產(chǎn)力的最大貢獻(xiàn)。

And at the other end of the scale, one of video’s great downsides is how distracting it can be: as well as checking yourself out and following the online chat, you can critique someone’s new wallpaper while watching their next-tile neighbour shovel noodles into their mouth.

另一個(gè)極端是，視頻的一大缺點(diǎn)是它會(huì)讓人分心：除了檢查鏡頭里的自己和關(guān)注在線聊天外，你還可以評(píng)價(jià)別人的新墻紙，還能看著他們旁邊的人吃面條的動(dòng)作。

It takes real effort to stay focused in such circumstances.
在這種情況下保持專注確實(shí)需要很大努力。

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The wrong way for firms to tackle the problem of inattentiveness is to insist that cameras stay on or use artificial intelligence to analyse the sentiment of meeting participants in real time.

公司解決注意力不集中問題的錯(cuò)誤方法是：始終要求攝像頭保持開啟狀態(tài)或使用人工智能實(shí)時(shí)分析參會(huì)者的情緒。

As if life were not intolerable enough, imagine having to nod and smile dementedly the whole time in case an algorithm decides you are insufficiently engaged.

似乎還嫌生活還不夠難，想象一下你必須全程瘋狂點(diǎn)頭微笑，以防算法判定你不夠投入。

The right way for companies to respond is to make meetings shorter and more relevant.

公司采取的正確方法應(yīng)該是：縮短會(huì)議時(shí)間并提高會(huì)議相關(guān)性。

Whether you are on camera or in the room, it is always easier to listen when there is something worth hearing.
無論你是在鏡頭前還是在房間里，當(dāng)有值得聆聽的內(nèi)容時(shí)，專心傾聽并不難。

（恭喜讀完，本篇英語(yǔ)詞匯量792左右）
原文出自：2023年4月15日《The Economist》Business版塊

精讀筆記來源于：自由英語(yǔ)之路

本文翻譯整理: Irene

本文編輯校對(duì): Irene
僅供個(gè)人英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)交流使用。

【補(bǔ)充資料】（來自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)）
Emperor Palpatine皇帝帕爾帕廷是《星球大戰(zhàn)》系列電影中的反派角色，由伊恩·麥克迪阿梅德飾演。他是西斯帝國(guó)的皇帝，黑暗勢(shì)力的幕后BOSS。銀河帝國(guó)的皇帝是曾擔(dān)任銀河共和國(guó)最高議長(zhǎng)的希夫·帕爾帕廷——同時(shí)也是西斯黑暗尊主達(dá)斯·西迪厄斯。他是電影中最大的反派之一，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“二人法則”初創(chuàng)的目的，達(dá)到了西斯在銀河系的有史以來的第一個(gè)巔峰，但同時(shí)也是“二人法則”衰亡的前夕。

三分法則（the rule of thirds）是一種在攝影、繪畫、設(shè)計(jì)等藝術(shù)中經(jīng)常使用的構(gòu)圖手段。當(dāng)攝影師由觀景窗望出去時(shí)，他假想有兩條直線將畫面垂直畫分成三區(qū)，又有兩條橫線將畫面水平畫分成三區(qū)，而這四條假想線所構(gòu)成的任何一個(gè)交接點(diǎn)〈共有四個(gè)交接點(diǎn)〉，都是安置被攝主體的理想位置。這種構(gòu)圖方式可以使畫面更加生動(dòng)、有趣，同時(shí)也可以避免畫面過于單調(diào)和呆板。

The Blair Witch Project《布萊爾女巫計(jì)劃》是一部于1999年上映的美國(guó)恐怖電影，由丹尼爾·邁里克和愛德華多·桑切斯執(zhí)導(dǎo)，海瑟·多納休、喬什·萊昂納德和邁克爾·威廉姆斯主演。影片講述了三名電影專業(yè)的學(xué)生試圖拍攝一部關(guān)于在馬里蘭州農(nóng)村的一些樹林中發(fā)生的奇怪而可怕的謀殺案的紀(jì)錄片，他們最終失蹤了，只留下了他們拍攝的錄像帶 。

The Office《辦公室》是一部美國(guó)情景喜劇，由格雷格·丹尼爾斯創(chuàng)作，于2005年3月24日在美國(guó)首播。該劇以模擬紀(jì)錄片的形式展現(xiàn)了一群普通辦公室職員的日常生活，其中包括了他們的工作、生活、愛情和友誼等方面的故事。該劇在美國(guó)播出后獲得了廣泛的好評(píng)，被譽(yù)為“最偉大的電視劇之一”

《兩桿大煙槍》（Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels）是一部英國(guó)黑色喜劇犯罪電影，由蓋·里奇編劇和執(zhí)導(dǎo)，于1998年8月28日在英國(guó)上映。該電影講述了四個(gè)朋友為了贏回一場(chǎng)賭局中輸?shù)舻腻X而卷入了一系列的犯罪活動(dòng)。該電影在上映后獲得了廣泛的好評(píng)，被譽(yù)為“英國(guó)電影史上最偉大的電影之一”。

【重點(diǎn)句子】（3個(gè)）
Being a star in the video age means having the right set-up, speaking well and listening well.
成為視頻時(shí)代的明星意味著需要擁有正確的設(shè)置、出眾的口才和良好的傾聽能力。

Not everyone needs to look like an A-lister: people who regularly make presentations or see clients have greater claim on fancier gear.
不是每個(gè)人都需要看起來像一線明星：經(jīng)常做演講或見客戶的人對(duì)高檔設(shè)備的要求更高。

The right way for companies to respond is to make meetings shorter and more relevant.
公司采取的正確方法應(yīng)該是：縮短會(huì)議時(shí)間并提高會(huì)議相關(guān)性。