原文標(biāo)題：
Eat, inject, repeat
New drugs could spell an end to the world’s obesity epidemic
盡情吃、打一針、循環(huán)往復(fù)
新藥或?qū)⒔K結(jié)全球肥胖問(wèn)題

The long-term effects must be carefully studied. But the excitement is justified
必須仔細(xì)研究長(zhǎng)期影響，但充滿激動(dòng)也是合理的

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A NEW TYPE of drug is generating excitement among the rich and the beautiful. Just a jab a week, and the weight falls off.
一種新型藥物正在富人和美女之間引起轟動(dòng)。只需一周打一針，就能瘦身。

Elon Musk swears by it; influencers sing its praises on TikTok; suddenly slimmer Hollywood starlets deny they have taken it.
埃隆·馬斯克對(duì)此堅(jiān)信不疑，社交媒體上的網(wǎng)紅們?cè)赥ikTok上大肆宣傳；突然間，苗條的好萊塢女星則否認(rèn)使用過(guò)此產(chǎn)品。

But the latest weight-loss drugs are no mere cosmetic enhancements.
然而，這種新型減肥藥物不僅僅是一種美容產(chǎn)品。

Their biggest beneficiaries will be not celebrities in Los Angeles or Miami but billions of ordinary people around the world whose weight has made them unhealthy.
最大的受益者不是洛杉磯或邁阿密的名人，而是全球數(shù)十億因超重而存在健康問(wèn)題的普通大眾。

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Treatments for weight loss have long ranged from the well-meaning and ineffective to the downright dodgy.
一直以來(lái)，減肥療法有好心卻無(wú)效的，也有極端危險(xiǎn)的，層出不窮。

The new class of drugs, called GLP-1 receptor agonists, seems actually to work.
新一代的藥物，叫做GLP-1受體激動(dòng)劑，似乎真的起作用了。

Semaglutide, developed by Novo Nordisk, a Danish pharmaceutical firm, has been shown in clinical trials to lead to weight loss of about 15%.
丹麥制藥公司“諾和諾德”研發(fā)的“司美格魯肽”已在臨床試驗(yàn)中顯示出約15％的減重效果。

It is already being sold under the brand name Wegovy in America, Denmark and Norway and will soon be available in other countries; Ozempic, a lower-dose version, is a diabetes drug that is also being used “off label” for weight loss.
它已在美國(guó)、丹麥和挪威以品牌名Wegovy銷售，也將很快在其他國(guó)家上市；低劑量版本的糖尿病藥物Ozempic也被當(dāng)作“適應(yīng)癥以外”的減肥藥。

A rival GLP-1 drug, made by Eli Lilly, an American firm, is due to come on sale later this year and is more effective still.
美國(guó)公司Eli Lilly生產(chǎn)的一種競(jìng)品GLP-1藥物預(yù)計(jì)今年晚些時(shí)候上市，其效果更佳。

Analysts think the market for GLP-1 drugs could reach $150bn by 2031, not far off the market for cancer drugs today. Some think they could become as common as beta blockers or statins.
分析師認(rèn)為，到2031年，GLP-1藥物市場(chǎng)規(guī)?？赡苓_(dá)到1500億美元，接近今天癌癥藥物市場(chǎng)規(guī)模。有人認(rèn)為這種藥物可能會(huì)像β受體阻滯劑或他汀藥物一樣普及。

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The drugs could not have arrived at a better time.
這些藥物問(wèn)世正是時(shí)候。

In 2020 two-fifths of the world’s population were overweight or obese. By 2035, says the World Obesity Federation, an NGO, that figure could swell to more than half, with a staggering 4bn people overweight or obese.
2020年，全球有40％的人口超重或肥胖。非政府組織“世界肥胖聯(lián)盟”稱，到2035年，這一比例可能會(huì)達(dá)到50%以上，40多億人口出現(xiàn)超重或肥胖。

People everywhere are getting fatter. The populations putting on pounds the fastest are not in the rich West but in countries like Egypt, Mexico and Saudi Arabia.
全球各地的人都在變胖，增重最快的人群不是發(fā)達(dá)的西方國(guó)家，而是埃及、墨西哥和沙特阿拉伯等國(guó)家。

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These trends are alarming because obesity causes a host of health problems, including diabetes, heart disease and high blood pressure, as well as dozens of illnesses such as stroke, gout and various cancers. Carrying extra weight made people more likely to die of covid-19.
這些趨勢(shì)令人擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)榉逝謺?huì)引起一系列健康問(wèn)題，包括糖尿病、心臟病和高血壓，以及中風(fēng)、痛風(fēng)和各種癌癥等數(shù)十種疾病。超重還會(huì)增加人們死于新冠的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

And then there is the misery that comes from the stigma associated with being fat, which affects children in schools and playgrounds most cruelly of all.
此外，肥胖會(huì)給人帶來(lái)社會(huì)歧視的痛苦，而入學(xué)兒童尤其受影響。

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The consequences of obesity for the public purse and the wider economy are large.
肥胖對(duì)公共資金和整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響是巨大的。

According to modelling by academics the annual cost to the world economy of excess weight could reach $4trn by 2035 (2.9% of global GDP, up from 2.2% in 2019).
根據(jù)學(xué)者的建模數(shù)據(jù)，到2035年，每年超重問(wèn)題的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)年成本可能達(dá)到4萬(wàn)億美元（相當(dāng)于全球GDP的2.9％，高于2019年的2.2％）。

That includes both spending on health care and working time lost to illness and premature deaths tied to obesity.
其中包括與健康保健相關(guān)的支出、生病導(dǎo)致工作時(shí)間減少、因肥胖而導(dǎo)致的早逝等支出。

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The world’s expanding waistlines are not a sign of the moral failure of the billions who are overweight, but the result of biology.
世界各地人們腰圍日益擴(kuò)大，并非億萬(wàn)超重人口的道德失敗，而是生物學(xué)造成的結(jié)果。

The genes that were vital to helping humans survive winters and famine still help the body cling on to its weight today.
那些曾經(jīng)幫助人類在冬季和饑荒中生存的基因，如今仍然幫助人體保持體重。

The superabundance of hard-to-resist processed foods in recent decades has brought greater convenience and lower costs, but also triggered overeating just as lifestyles became more sedentary.
近幾十年來(lái)，難以抗拒的加工食品帶來(lái)更大的便利和更低的成本，但也引發(fā)了暴飲暴食現(xiàn)象，而久坐的生活方式也加劇了這種現(xiàn)象。

Once the fat is on, the body fights any attempt to diet away more than a little of its total weight.
一旦形成脂肪，身體就會(huì)對(duì)節(jié)食減肥等嘗試減輕總體重量的行為產(chǎn)生抵制。

Despite the $250bn that consumers around the world spent on dieting and weight loss last year, the battle to get slim was largely being lost.
盡管去年全球消費(fèi)者在減肥和減重上花費(fèi)了2500億美元，但大多數(shù)人的瘦身之戰(zhàn)都以失敗告終。

（恭喜讀完，本篇英語(yǔ)詞匯量 579/1073 左右）
原文出自：2023年3月4日《The Economist》Leaders版塊。
精讀筆記來(lái)源于：自由英語(yǔ)之路

本文翻譯整理: Irene本文編輯校對(duì): Irene
僅供個(gè)人英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)交流使用。

【補(bǔ)充資料】（來(lái)自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)）
GLP-1受體激動(dòng)劑（GLP-1 receptor agonists )是一類藥物，用于治療2型糖尿病。GLP-1是胰高血糖素樣多肽-1的縮寫，是一種由腸道細(xì)胞分泌的激素，能促進(jìn)胰島素分泌、抑制胰高血糖素分泌、延緩胃腸道排空和抑制食欲。GLP-1受體激動(dòng)劑通過(guò)模擬GLP-1的作用，能夠降低血糖，改善胰島素抵抗和減少胰島素的需要量，同時(shí)也可以減輕體重和改善心血管風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。GLP-1受體激動(dòng)劑可以通過(guò)皮下注射或靜脈注射的方式給藥，通常每周或每天一次。

諾和諾德Novo Nordisk是一家丹麥跨國(guó)制藥公司，成立于1923年，總部位于丹麥的 Bagsv?rd。該公司專注于治療糖尿病和肥胖癥等代謝性疾病，并提供血友病治療藥物。Novo Nordisk是全球最大的胰島素生產(chǎn)商之一，在全球擁有超過(guò)4.3萬(wàn)名員工。

司美格魯肽Semaglutide是一種處方藥，屬于GLP-1受體激動(dòng)劑類別，主要用于治療2型糖尿病和肥胖癥。它通過(guò)模擬身體自然產(chǎn)生的肽類激素GLP-1來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)血糖水平和胰島素分泌，從而降低血糖水平。此外，它還可以減少胃腸道的運(yùn)動(dòng)，減緩胃排空，增加飽腹感，有助于控制食欲和體重。Semaglutide通常以注射劑的形式給予患者。

【重點(diǎn)句子】（3?個(gè)）
Their biggest beneficiaries will be not celebrities in Los Angeles or Miami but billions of ordinary people around the world whose weight has made them unhealthy.
最大的受益者不是洛杉磯或邁阿密的名人，而是全球數(shù)十億因超重而存在健康問(wèn)題的普通大眾。

Treatments for weight loss have long ranged from the well-meaning and ineffective to the downright dodgy.
一直以來(lái)， 減肥療法有好心卻無(wú)效的，也有極端危險(xiǎn)的，層出不窮。

The world’s expanding waistlines are not a sign of the moral failure of the billions who are overweight, but the result of biology.
世界各地人們腰圍日益擴(kuò)大，并非億萬(wàn)超重人口的道德失敗，而是生物學(xué)造成的結(jié)果。