《經(jīng)濟學(xué)人》雙語:英國泰晤士河”濕紙巾島“有2個網(wǎng)球場那么大?
原文標題:
Sewage
Wipe out
Britain’s newest islets are made of wet wipes
污物
清理
英國最新出現(xiàn)的濕巾小島
They clog sewers, leach microplastics and change the course of rivers
它們會堵塞下水道,滲出微塑料顆粒,改變河流走向
[Paragraph 1]
THE BRITISH ISLES is acquiring some new additions.
英國群島又添加了新成員。
These nascent islets are not made of granite or limestone, but of agglomerations of wet wipes and mud.
這些新生島不是花崗巖或石灰?guī)r結(jié)構(gòu),而是濕紙巾和泥漿的混合物結(jié)構(gòu)。
The
largest is a metre deep, spans the width of two tennis courts and sits
at a bend in the Thames by Hammersmith Bridge in London.
最大的濕紙巾島位于倫敦漢默史密斯橋旁的泰晤士河彎道處,厚1米,寬度可以橫跨2個網(wǎng)球場。
It was measured last summer by volunteers from Thames21, a charity, which has been tracing the formation of such monstrosities for seven years.
去年夏天,慈善機構(gòu)Thames21的志愿者對這個島進行了測量。該機構(gòu)七年來一直在追蹤這種奇怪地貌的形成。
It
reckons that there are at least nine wet-wipe islets in the Thames, and
that smaller ones may be forming in the bends of other rivers.
據(jù)估計,泰晤士河上至少有9個濕紙巾小島,其他河流的彎道上也可能有類似更小的小島。

[Paragraph 2]
Britons dispose of 11bn wet wipes a year.
英國人每年扔掉110億塊濕紙巾。
They
clean the nation’s babies and homes, but they also block sewers when
they are flushed: a report in 2017 by Water UK, an industry body, found
that wipes made up 93% of the material obstructing sewers.
濕紙巾可以用來給家里的嬰兒擦拭身體,但被沖進馬桶后會堵塞下水道:英國水協(xié)2017年的一份報告發(fā)現(xiàn),濕紙巾占下水道堵塞物的93%。
Even those claiming to be “biodegradable” may not decompose fast enough to avoid clogging waterways.
甚至是所謂的“可生物降解”濕紙巾,由于它們的分解速度不夠快,導(dǎo)致堵塞水道。
Some
90% of them contain microplastics, which leach into water and digestive
systems (Britons ingest enough plastic each week to make a credit card,
reckons the World Wildlife Fund, a charity).
約90%的濕紙巾含有微塑料,這些微塑料顆粒會滲入飲水系統(tǒng)和消化系統(tǒng)(據(jù)慈善機構(gòu)“世界野生動物基金會”估計,英國人每周攝入的塑料足以制成一張信用卡)。

[Paragraph 3]
A few retailers, such as Tesco and Boots, have put a stop to the sale of all wipes that contain plastic. Alternatives are emerging.
樂購和博姿等一些零售企業(yè)已停止售賣所有含塑料的濕巾。替代產(chǎn)品正在出現(xiàn)。
Wype,
a natural gel that is applied to toilet paper, is the invention of
Giorgia Granata, an Italian expat mourning Britain’s lack of bidets. FlushAway is a dissolvable wipe.
意大利僑民喬治·格拉納塔在英國苦于沒有坐浴盆,于是發(fā)明了Wype(一種用于衛(wèi)生紙的天然凝膠)。FlushAway是一種可溶解的紙巾。
[Paragraph 4]
But
wet wipes are hard to get rid of. They are not included in the
government’s list of single-use plastics that are due to be banned from
October.
但擺脫濕紙巾也很難。從10月起,政府將禁用一批一次性塑料,濕紙巾不在禁用清單之列。
Although wipes are plastered with words like “flushable” and “biodegradable”, the use of these terms is largely unregulated.
盡管濕紙巾上貼著“可沖散”和“可生物降解”等字樣,但這些術(shù)語的使用很大程度上不受監(jiān)管。
The study by Water UK found that “flushable” wipes were still 88 times more likely than toilet paper to block sewers.
英國水協(xié)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),“可沖散”濕巾堵塞下水道的可能性仍然是衛(wèi)生紙的88倍。
The
technical standard “fine to flush”, which was introduced by Water UK in
2019, tests wipes under lab conditions that do not reflect the state of
Britain’s sewers.
2019年英國水協(xié)出的技術(shù)標準“可沖散”(fine to flush),是在實驗室條件下進行的紙巾測試,但實驗室情況不能反應(yīng)全英國下水道狀況。
[Paragraph 5]
According
to the Water Industry Act of 1991, it is illegal to flush anything that
is “l(fā)ikely to injure the sewer or drain” or “interfere with the free
flow of its contents”.
根據(jù)1991年《水工業(yè)法》,往馬桶沖任何“可能損壞下水道或排水管”或“干擾管道自由流動”的東西都是違法的。
But
Britons don’t seem able to stop. In a survey carried out in 2022 by
Thames Water, a utility, just over one in five people admitted to
flushing the things away.
但英國人似乎停不下來。泰晤士水務(wù)公司2022年進行的一項調(diào)查表明,1/5以上的英國人承認曾把這些東西沖進馬桶。
The emergence of wet-wipe archipelagoes suggests that others may have been economical with the truth.
濕紙巾群島的出現(xiàn)表明,有人可能隱瞞了真相。
(恭喜讀完,本篇英語詞匯量440左右)
原文出自:2023年2月4日《The Economist》Britain版塊。
精讀筆記來源于:自由英語之路
本文翻譯整理: Irene
本文編輯校對: Irene
僅供個人英語學(xué)習(xí)交流使用。

【補充資料】(來自于網(wǎng)絡(luò))
英國《獨立報》報導(dǎo),廢棄的濕紙巾在倫敦西邊泰晤士河畔堆出了一座「島」,面積有兩個網(wǎng)球場那么大,有濕紙巾的地方厚達1公尺。這些濕紙巾主要來自家庭,據(jù)泰晤士水務(wù)公司的調(diào)查,2/5的人承認曾將濕紙巾沖進馬桶。濕紙巾大都有塑膠成分,即使標榜「可丟馬桶」,也不代表可分解。英國環(huán)保慈善機構(gòu)Thames21去年發(fā)表的雷射影像顯示,泰晤士河流經(jīng)哈默史密斯的附近,出現(xiàn)巨大「油脂塊」(fatberg)。油脂塊由大量的家庭垃圾、油脂和塑膠集結(jié)成而成,其中濕紙巾約占90%。
巨大濕紙巾堵塞日益嚴重,議員們呼吁民眾不要再將濕紙巾沖進馬桶。工黨議員安德森去年在下議院提案,呼吁禁止制造并銷售含塑膠成分的濕紙巾。安德森在新聞稿中指出,英國每年使用110
億條濕巾,相當于每人每年需要使用 163
條濕紙巾。90%的濕紙巾含有某種形式的塑膠成分。這些塑膠會停留很長時間,最后分解成塑膠微粒,被海洋或河流中的生物吃下,進入我們的食物鏈跟用水來源。
Glatfelter公司宣布其用于可沖散濕巾和濕廁紙的非織造布基材獲得了英國水協(xié)(Water
UK)發(fā)布的Fine to
Flush可沖散認證。該產(chǎn)品經(jīng)過英國水研究中心技術(shù)人員的獨立檢測。可分散濕巾基材被沖入下水道后,能立即分解,不會傷害下水系統(tǒng),或堵塞水處理泵。此外,該產(chǎn)品不添加化學(xué)品或粘合劑,100%可生物降解。除了Fine
to Flush可沖散濕巾基材外,還生產(chǎn)一系列個人護理和家用濕巾基材,包括嬰兒濕巾、濕廁紙、家用表面清潔濕巾、工業(yè)清潔濕巾等。
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【重點句子】(3?個)
These nascent islets are not made of granite or limestone, but of agglomerations of wet wipes and mud.
這些新生島不是花崗巖或石灰?guī)r結(jié)構(gòu),而是濕巾和泥漿的混合物結(jié)構(gòu)。
Even those claiming to be “biodegradable” may not decompose fast enough to avoid clogging waterways.
甚至是所謂的“可生物降解”濕紙巾,由于它們的分解速度不夠快,導(dǎo)致堵塞水道。
Although wipes are plastered with words like “flushable” and “biodegradable”, the use of these terms is largely unregulated.
盡管濕紙巾上貼著“可沖散”和“可生物降解”等字樣,但這些術(shù)語的使用很大程度上不受監(jiān)管。
